PG AND RESEARCH DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY ,SRI PARAMAKALYANI COLLEGE, ALWARKURICHI.

1. REACCREDITED WITH B GRADE WITH A CGPA OF 2.71 IN THE SECOND CYCLE OF NAAC
AFFILIATED TO MANOMANIUM SUNDARANAR UNIVERSITY, TIRUNELVELI.
ALWARKURICHI 627 412, TAMIL NADU, INDIA
POST GRADUATE & RESEARCH CENTRE
DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY
(Government Aided)
ACADEMIC YEAR 2021-2022
II SEM CORE: - MICROBIAL PHYSIOLOGY – ( ZMBM13 )
BIOLUMINESCENCE
SUBMITTED BY,
A.MANI BHARATHI
REG NO:20211232516113
I M.SC MICROBIOLOGY
SUBMITTED TO
GUIDE:
DR.S.VISWANATHAN
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR & HEAD.

2. SYNOPSIS
• INTRODUCTION
• BIOLUMINESCENT BACTERIA
• STRUCTURE
• CHEMICAL REACTION OF LUCIFERIN
• TYPES
• USES
• ADVANTAGES
• DISADVANTAGES
• REFERENCE

3. Bioluminescence
• Bioluminescence is the production and emission of
light by the living organism. It is the form of
Chemiluminescence.
• Enzyme and Light emitting molecule which are
responsible for the emission of light are Luciferase
and Luciferin

5. BIOLUMINESCENT BACTERIA
• Bioluminescent bacteria are light-producing bacteria that are
predominantly present in sea water, marine sediments, the surface of
decomposing fish and in the gut of marine animals.
• While not as common, bacterial bioluminescence is also found in terrestrial
and freshwater bacteria.[1] These bacteria may be free living (such
as Vibrio harveyi) or in symbiosis with animals such as the Hawaiian
Bobtail squid (Aliivibrio fischeri) or terrestrial nematodes (Photorhabdus
luminescens).
• The host organisms provide these bacteria a safe home and sufficient
nutrition. In exchange, the hosts use the light produced by the bacteria for
camouflage, prey and/or mate attraction.
• Bioluminescent bacteria have evolved symbiotic relationships with other
organisms in which both participants benefit close to equally.[2] Another
possible reason bacteria use luminescence reaction is for quorum sensing,
an ability to regulate gene expression in response to bacterial cell
density.[3]

6. Structure of Luciferin:
4,5-Dihydro-2-(6-hydroxy-2-
benzothiazolyl)-4-thiazolecarboxylic acid

7. Chemical Reaction
• Bioluminescence is a form of Chemiluminescence where the
light energy is released by a chemical reaction
Luciferase
Luciferin + O2 Oxyluciferin + Light energy
other cofactors

8. Types of Luciferin
There are various types of Luciferin based on the presence in various
organisms
 Coelenterazine
 Firefly luciferin
 Latia luciferin
 Bacteria Luciferin
 Dinoflagellates luciferin
 Vargulin luciferin
 Fungi Luciferin

9. Uses of bioluminescence
• Detect microbial load in raw milk (cfu/ml).
• Assess microbiological quality of beef and pork carcasses and
minced meat (cfu/g).
• Monitor microbiological activity in indoor air (cfu/ml).
• Monitor sanitary conditions in clinical settings.
• Monitor yeast and bacteria in beverages and fruit juices.
• Monitor cleanliness (bio-burden) of NASA spacecraft (to limit
terrestrial microbes being transferred to other planetary bodies) and
to detect life (living cells) on other planets.
• Monitor water quality.
• Verify cleaning (whether equipment is clean enough to go for
production).

10. Advantages
 Counterillumination camouflage
 Mimicry of other animals
 To attract other individuals for mating
 To attract other species for Prey
 Defence
 Communication

11. Disadvantage
• It does not easily distinguish ATP from microorganisms,
animals, and plants.
• Luminescence from food can affect the actual ATP
bioluminescence readings.
• The presence of detergents, sanitizers, or other chemicals also
can affect the readings.
• It is not very sensitive for spore detection since the level of ATP
is very low in spores.
• It does not substitute using traditional microbiological analysis.

12. REFERENCE
• https://www.qualityassurancemag.com/article/aib1013-atp-
bioluminescence-assay/
• https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioluminescent_bacteria#:~:text=Bio
luminescent%20bacteria%20are%20light-
producing,in%20terrestrial%20and%20freshwater%20bacteria.

16. THANKYOU
The chairman.
The Secretary.
Management committee.
The Principal,Sri paramakalyani college.
The head – department of microbiology
The staff members – department of microbiology