SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW

1. Scientific Management
Arakanshu kumar singh
PGDM -A
Roll no -1101015

2. Frederick Winslow Taylor (1856-1915)
“Father of Scientific Management”
Henry Gantt
Frank and Lillian Gilbert
The systematic study of the relationships
between people and tasks for the purpose of
redesigning the work process for higher efficiency.
The “Principles of Scientific Management” published
in 1911

3. Industrial age prior to Scientific
Management
•Owner, manager, sales, and office personnel
had little contact with production activity.
•A “superintendent” was responsible for all
planning and staff functions.
•Worked with “journeyman” mechanics to try
to schedule production. No recognized staff
functions.
•Work methods were determined by
individual mechanics based on personal
experience, preference, and tools available
“Rule of Thumb”
•Workers engaged in “soldiering”.

4. Thus Taylor analyzed and experimented with each operation and the amount of time it
required, analyzing the materials, tools, and work sequence and establishing a clear
division of labour between management and workers and came out with
Principles of Scientific Management :
· Science, not rule of thumb
· Harmony, not discord
· Cooperation, not individualism
· Maximum output, in place of
restricted output
•Employees paid for meeting the
established rate of production
•Used stop-watch timing to measure
each production step
· Piece-Rate Payment Scheme (Henry
Gantt)
.Developed Industrial Departments

5. Frank and Lillian Gilbert Time &
Motion study
DRAWBACKS :

6. Scientific Management’s Impact on
Organizations :
• Up until that time, increasing output meant:
– more hours,
– more employees,
– more raw materials, and more costs.
• Scientific management uses basic logic to show how:
– standardization,
– productivity, and
– division of labor
Engineering for Efficiency
Assembly Line Production
Emphasis on Quality Control
Defined Administrative Roles
Supervision of work rather than people
Work specializations