a presentation regarding selection of landfill sight using Gis techniques

1. GEO ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
ASSIGNMENT
SELECTION OF LANDFILL SITES FOR SOLID
WASTE IN DAMATURU TOWN
-USING GIS TECHNIQUES
Ayo babalola,Ibrahim busu
ABIN BABU
C8 A
8103

2. MUNCIPAL SOLID WASTE
 Greatest threat to any township
 Can be
◦ Biodegradable waste
◦ Recyclable waste
◦ Inert waste
◦ Electrical and electronic waste
◦ Hazardous waste
◦ Toxic waste
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3. YOU KNOW…
 America generates 140 million tons of
solid waste
 Japan and germany close to 50 million
tons
 India generates 500 -700 gm per head
per day
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4. Landfills
 Cheapest form of final disposal of
muncipal solid waste
 Confined to smaller area
 Compacted to reduce volume
 SELECTION OF SITE is a complex task
◦ SOCIAL
◦ GEOGRAPHICAL
◦ POLITICAL
◦ ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
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5. DAMATURU TOWN
 Local government area in YOBE
state,NIGERIA
 Population is mainly muslim
 Temp range 30 -42
 Rainfall 400 -800 mm
 Population 2,55 ,895(2011)
 NE and SW maritime airmasses
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6. Factors considered while
selection of landfill
Sitting
criteria
• Administrative,agricultural,commercial,educational
• Settlement,waterbody ,recreation
Road
network
• National highways and other major roads
• Accessibility
Infiltration
• Potential risk of contamination of GWT
• not important in nigeria
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7. elevation
• Elevation is an important parameter
• Too much steep is not suitable for
landfill
groundwater
table
• Risk of contamination
• 15-20 most suitable
• 5 -15 less suitable
wind
• direction of wind
• Flat terrain is least preffered
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8. Distance
(residential)
• Increased distance reduce public opposition
• 500 m away is taken suitable
• Residential areas are classified as high medium
and low density
Distance(road
network)
• Neither too close or too long
• But it should be within 300 m or so
surfacewater
• Not sited near rivers ,lakes, ponds and swamps
• As away (atleast 100 m) is suitable
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9. Sensitive
areas
• Areas of cultural and historic importance
• Churches ,conventional centres
graveyards
Precipitation
• Higher precipitation is not suitable
slope
• High slopes and flats are not prefered
• Medium slope of not more than 20
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10. GIS
 It is a computer system designed to
 capture
 store
 manipulate
 analyse
 manage
 and present
all type of spacial and geographical
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11. Capture
Data
GIS Process
Register
Map Base
Interpret
Data
Convert Data
to Digital
Format
Store Data
in Computer
Process
Data
Display
Results

12. GIS
System

13. Vector and Raster Representation
of Point Map Features
Map Feature
GIS Vector
Format
GIS Raster
Format
(X,Y)
Coordinate in space
Cell Located
in an Array

14. Vector and Raster Representation
of Line Map Features
GIS Vector
Format
GIS Raster
Format

15. Vector and Raster Representation
of Area Map Features
Map Feature
GIS Vector
Format
GIS Raster
Format

16. Comparison of Raster and
Vector Formats
 Raster formats are efficient
when comparing information
among arrays with the same
cell size.
 Raster files are generally
very large because each cell
occupies a separate line of
data, only one attribute can
be assigned to each cell,
and cell sizes are relatively
small.
 Vector formats are efficient
when comparing information
whose geographical shapes
and sizes are different.
 Vector files are much smaller
because a relatively small
number of vectors can
precisely describe large
areas and a many attributes
can be ascribed to these
areas.
Raster Vector

17. Comparison of Raster and
Vector Formats
 Raster representations are
relatively coarse and
imprecise
 Vector representations of
shapes can be very precise.
Raster Vector
Most GIS software can display both raster and vector
data. Only a limited number of programs can analyze
both types of data or make raster type analyses in
vector formats.

18.  Different attributes have different
weightage
 Weight was obtained from Analytical
Network Process(ANP)
 for example
◦ Landuse -0.168
◦ road-.06
◦ Waterbody .10
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19. DEPT OF CIVIL
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20. DEPT OF CIVIL
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21. DEPT OF CIVIL
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22. DEPT OF CIVIL
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23. conclusion
 Multi criteria analysis suggested 14
sites
 Among them 7 met land requirement
crieria of 20 hec
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