This document provides a lesson plan for teaching 8th standard students about predation. The plan includes defining key terms like predator and prey. Activities are used to explore the relationships between predators and prey, such as identifying physical adaptations that help predators capture prey. Students discuss how the numbers of predators and prey impact the ecosystem. The lesson concludes by summarizing that predators feed on prey and obtain benefits like energy and nutrients, while prey utilize defenses against predation like speed, armor, and toxic chemicals.

1. TEACHING MANUAL -15
Name of the Teacher : Abhila P.S. Std : VIII A
Name of the School : Govt. B.H.S.S. Adoor Age : 13
Subject : Poh-imkv{Xw Strength :
Unit : Pohn-IÄs¡mcp taÂhn-emkw Date :
Topic : Cc-]n-Sp¯w Duration: 45 min.
CURRICULAR STATEMENT
nco-£-Ww, NÀ¨, Bi-b-hn-n-a-bw, nK-a¯nse-¯Â, {]mtbm-Kn-I-nÀh-N-w cq]o-I-cn-¡Â
F¶n-h-sb-]-än-bpÅ ]T-w.
CONTENT ANALYSIS
TERMS Blm-c-_-Ô-§Ä, Cc]nSnb-·mÀ, Cc, Cc-]n-Sn-bv¡Â
FACTS 1. {]Ir-Xn-bn Pohn-IÄ X½n hy-XykvX Xc-¯n-epÅ Blm-c-_-Ô-§Ä ]peÀ¯p-¶p.
2. GsXmcp Bhm-k-hy-k-Ø-bnepw Pohn-IÄ ]c-kv]cw Blm-c-_Ôw hfsc {][m--am-Wv.
3. Blm-c-¯npw ]mÀ¸nS¯npw th­n
Ah-]-c-kv]cw B{i-bn-¡p-¶p.
4. Hcp Pohnsb asämcp Pohn Blm-c-am-¡p-t¼mÄ Blm-c-am-Ip¶ Pohnsb Cc-sb-¶p- ]-d-bp-¶p.
5. Ccsb ]nSn-¡p¶ Pohn-bmWv Cc-]n-Sn-b-·mÀ.
6. Cc-]n-Sn-b-·mÀ Ccsb Blm-c-am-¡p¶ _Ôs¯ Cc-]n-Sp¯w F¶p ]d-bp-¶p.
MINOR 1. Cc-]n-Sp¯w aqew Cc-IÄ in-¡p-¶p.- F-¶m Cc-]n-Sn-b-·mÀ¡v Blmcw e`n-¡p-¶p.
CONCEPT 2. Bhm-k-hy-h-Ø-bpsS k´p-en-Xm-h-Ø-bm-bv n-e-nÀ¯p¶Xn Blm-c-_-Ô-§-fpsS ]¦v

2. hep-Xm-Wv.
MAJOR Cc-]n-Sp¯w aqew Hcp- ]-¦m-fn¡v tZmjhpw atä ]¦m-fn¡v KpWhpw e`n-¡p-¶p.
CONCEPT C¯cw _Ô-§Ä ntj-[-{]-Xn-hÀ¯--am-Wv.
LEARNING 1. Recalling the names of all organisms in the Surroundings
OUTCOME (for developing factual knowledge)
2. Explaining the uses of predators in an ecosystem.
(for developing conceptual knowledge)
3. Collecting information from various sources regarding ecosystem
(for developing conceptual knowledge)
4. Making inference about the importance of the predation for the stability of
environment
5. To conduct awareness program for the protection of environment.
PRE-REQUISITES {]Ir-Xn-bnse Pohn-IÄ hnhn-[-X-c-¯n-epÅ Blm-c-_-Ô-§Ä ]peÀ¯p-¶p.
LEARNING AIDES ]mT-]p-kvX-I-§Ä, Blm-c-_-Ô-§Ä hyà-am-¡p¶ NmÀ«v
CLASSROOM INTERACTION PROCEDURE ACTUAL/ESPECTED
RESPONSE
INTRODUCTION
]e-Xcw Pohn-I-fpsS Nn{X-§Ä DÄs¸-Sp¶ NmÀ«v nco-£n-¡p-hm³ A[ym-]nI ImSv F¶ Bhm-k-hy-h
Bh-iy-s¸-Sp-¶p. B, apbÂ, ]pen, ISp-h, ]cp-´v, Podm-^v, hnhn-[-Xcw ]m¼p-IÄ Øsb]än Ip«n]d-bp-¶p.
abnÂ, Ipdp-¡³, apX-emb Pohn-IÄ ImSv- F¶ Bhmkhy-h-Ø-bnse Pohn-I-fmWv
F¶v Ip«n ]pxkvacn-¡p-¶p.

3. CREATING A PROBLEATIC SITUATIONS
ACTIVITY -I
hnhn[ Poh-Pm-e-§Ä F§-s-sbÃmw _Ô-s¸«p Pohn-¡p¶p? Blm-cw, ]mÀ¸nSw Blm-cw, ]mÀ¸nSw
F¶n-h-bpsS ASn-Øm--¯n Pohn-IÄ ]c-kv]cw Pohn-¡p-¶p. F¶n-h-bv¡p-th-­n.
NmÀ«v nco-£n¨v hnhn[ Blm-c-_-Ô-§Ä NÀ¨ sNbvXv I-s­-
¯p-I. Blm-c-_-Ô-§Ä Ip«n
ISph `£Ww apb Is­-
¯p-¶p.
]cp´v `£Ww ]m¼v Blm-c-_-Ô-§Ä
Cu Blm-c-_Ôw Cc-]n-Sn-bv¡-em-sW¶pw ISphbpw apbepw bYm-{Iaw
Cc-]n-Snbpw Cc-bp-am-sW¶pw Ip«n a-Ên-em-¡p-¶p.
Cc-]n-Sn-¡Â ISph þ Cc-]n-Sn-b³
apb þ Cc
CONSOLIDATION
Hcp Bhm-k-hy-h-Ø-bn Cc-]n-Sn-b-·mÀ Ccsb Blm-c-am-¡p¶ _Ôs¯
Cc-]n-Sn-bv¡Â F¶p ]d-bp-¶p.
ACTIVITY-II
Cc-]n-Sn-b-·m-cpsS khn-ti-j-X-IÄ NÀ¨-bn-eqsS Is­-
¯p-hm³ Bh-iy-s¸-Sp-¶p. Ip«n-IÄ k-hntijXIÄ
XpSÀ¶v Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-hmpw Is­
¯n Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p.
_ew, thK-X, IqÀ¯-]-Ãp-IÄ, J-§Ä, ImgvN-iàn (EB)
CONSOLIDATION
ISp-hbv¡v IqÀ¯-]-Ãp-Ifpw J-§fpw D­v.
]cp-´nv IqSp-XÂ ImgvN-iàn
DÅXpw ]pÅn-¸p-en¡v thK-¯n HmSm³ Ign-bp-¶-Xp-saÃmw Ccsb ]nSn-¡m³

4. klm-bn-¡p¶ khn-ti-j-X-I-fm-Wv.
ACTIVITY-III
sNdp-ao-p-IÄ Iq«-am-bn-k-©-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-sâbpw ]¨-¡p-Xnc ]¨n-e-bn Ccn-¡p {Kq¸v {]hÀ¯§Ä
-¶-Xn-sâbpw ]¨n-e-]m¼v ac¨nÃbn Ccn-¡p-¶-Xn-sâbpw Nn{X-§Ä nco-£n ¢mÊn Ah-X-cn-¸n
-¡p-hm³ A[ym-]n-I Bhiys¸-Sp-¶p. -¡p-¶p
{]tXy-I-X-IÄ NÀ¨-sNbvXv ¢mkn Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-hm³ ]d-bp-¶p.
CONSOLIDATION
ndw, BIr-Xn, ico-c-{k-h-§Ä, Iq«-am-bpÅ k©mcw F¶nh Cc-]n-Sn-b-·m-cn n¶pw
c£-t-Sm³ Cc kzoI-cn-¡p¶ kz`mh khn-ti-j-j-X-I-fm-Wv.
ndw, BIr-Xn,- i-co-c- {k-h-§Ä (EB)
ACTIVITY-IV
Hcp Bhm-k-hy-h-Ø-bn Cc-bp-sStbm Cc-]n-Sn-b-·m-cp-sStbm F®w-Iq-Sn-bm-tem, Blm-c-_-Ô-§Ä
Ipd-ªmtem AXv- B-hm-k-hy-h-Øsb F§s _m[n-¡p-¶p?NÀ¨-bn-eqsS ¡p­m-
Ip¶ hyXn
hni-I-e sN¿p-hm³ Bh-iy-s¸-Sp-¶p. bm-§Ä {]-Ir-Xnbp
sS k´p-en-Xm-h-Ø
sb {]Xn-Iq-e-ambn
_m[n-¡p-¶p- sh¶v
Ip«n-hn-i-I-ew
sNbvXv Is­-
¯p-¶p.
CONSOLIDATION

5.  CcbpsS F®wIq-«n-bm AXv ]mÀ¸n-Sw, Blm-cw, F¶nh e`n-¡p-hm³
_p²n-ap-«p-­m-¡
p-¶p.
 Cc]nSn-bsâ F®w-Iq-Sn-bmepw Ah-bv¡v- B-lm-cw, ]mÀ¸nSw F¶n-h-bv¡v _p-²n-ap-
«p­m-
Ip-¶p.
 Cc-]n-Sn-b-·mÀ X½nepw Cc-IÄ X½nepw aÕcw D­m-
Ip-¶p.
 {]Ir-Xn-bpsS k´p-en-Xm-hØ XInSw adn-bp-¶p.
REVIEW
1. Cc-]n-Sp¯w F¶m F´v?
2. Cc-]nSnb-·m-cpsS khn-ti-j-X-IÄ Fs´ÃmamWv?
3. Cc-bpsS KpW-§Ä Fs´-Ãm-amWv
CHALK BOARD SUMMARY
BIOLOGY Std:VIII A
Blm-c-_-Ô-§Ä
ISph apbÂ, ]cp´v ]m¼v Blm-c-_-Ô-§Ä
ISph Cc-]n-Sn-b-·mÀ Cc-]n-Sn-¡Â
apb Cc
_ew, thK-X, IqÀ¯ ]Ãp-IÄ, J-§Ä, ImgvN-iàn þ Cc-]n-Sn-bsâ kz`m-h-§Ä
ndw, BIr-Xn, ico-c-{k-h-§Ä þ Cc-bpsS khn-ti-j-X-IÄ

6. FOLLOW UP ACTIVITY
n§Ä Npäp-]mSpw nco-£n¨v Cc-]n-Sp¯w F¶ Blm-c-_-Ô-¯nv IqSp-X DZm-l-c-W-§Ä Is­-
¯p-I. Ah-bn Cc-bp-sSbpw
Cc-]n-Sn-b-sâ-bpw-k-hn-ti-j-X-IÄ Is­
¯n kb³kv Ub-dn-bn tcJs¸Sp¯p-I.