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Assessment of Exploration Opportunities within the Taranaki Basin, New Zealand
- 1. Assessment of Exploration Opportunities within the Taranaki Basin, New Zealand Nathan Quick- Introduction Anne Brennan- Basin History Zach Ghalayini- Seismic Hunter Lipman- Petroleum System Joseph Morris- Risk Analysis
- 2. Introduction Integrated Regional Setting Seismic Interpretation Play Concepts Petroleum Systems Prospect Evaluation Conclusion & Recommendations http://www.redcarpet-tours.com
- 3. Lord Howe Rise Northern Graben Modified from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geology_of_New_Zealand
- 4. • 9 Wells with 8 having various digital well logs 1976-2004 • 215 2D Seismic Lines; ranging over 17 different surveys from 1975-2007 • Only 1 survey after 1997 • Geochemical Data from 4 wells • Study Area: 38, 465 mi2 19911977 Gas-Condensate Well Dry Well Oil Well 2D Seismic Line Study Area Oil Field Gas/Gas- Condensate Field
- 5. Gas-Condensate Well Dry Well Oil Well Prospects Lead Study Area Oil Field Gas/Gas-Condensate Field Maui Field: 3.66 TCF Maari- Manai: 120.1 mmbbl Kupe Field: 243 BCF Kapuni Field: 1.96 TCF
- 6. Late Cretaceous Fluvial to Coastal Sandstone Play Paleocene Marine Transgressive Sandstone Play Miocene Turbidites, Terrestrial to Marginal Marine Sandstone Play R R R R S Se Se Se Neogene Turbidite Fan Play S Se Prospect Play Reserves (Risked P10) Weathertop L. Cretaceous SS Prospect Play Reserves (Risked P10) Isengard Paleocene Fluvial SS 191 BCFE Miocene Turbidites 40 BCFE Prospec t Play Area Rivendel l Neogene Turbidite Fan 130,000 Acres Isengard ProspectWeathertop ProspectRivendell Lead
- 7. Introduction Integrated Regional Setting Seismic Interpretation Play Concepts Petroleum Systems Prospect Evaluation Conclusion & Recommendation s https://www.pinterest.com/pin/526569381402188308/
- 8. K Pg Ng Q Period EW J Epoch PaleoceneEoceneOligoceneLateMiocenePliocenePleistocene toRecent Early Basement Late Back arc rift Subduction S Se R R R Organic Shale Sands Carbonates Fine-grained clastics Hiatus Stratigraphy Column Key: Volcanics S R Se Source Reservoir Seal R 8 mi. Paleocene Cretaceou s Miocene Eocene Pliocene A’ A 15000’ 5000’ 10000’ Depth Ngatoro Gp Wai-iti Gp Rotokare Gp Moa Gp Kapuni Gp Pakawau Gp Syn-Rift Subsidence Compression Extension AA’ Location of 2D seismic line Se Drift Images modified by terra.govt.nz. Se Se R Oligocene
- 9. K Pg Ng Q Period EW J Epoch PaleoceneEoceneOligoceneLateMiocenePliocenePleistocene toRecent Early Basement S R 8 mi. Kapuni Gp R SW NE Basement Turi Farewell Rakopi Fm North Cape Se Pacific Plate Australian Plate N Australia Antarctica 150 Ma Key Plate Motion New Zealand Study Area Modified from Ron Blakey and Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc. Rangitata Orogeny 120 MaN New Zealand MovementAntarctica Australia Australia Antarctica New Zealand Movement N 105 Ma Tasman Sea Australia Antarctica 90 MaN Australia Antarctica N 65 Ma Pakawa u Gp UL IBA, 2016 Late Cretaceous WN UL IBA, 2016 Turi Farewell W N Paleocen e
- 10. UL IBA, 2016 WN Eocene Modified from Ron Blakey and Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc. K Pg Ng Q Period EW J Epoch PaleoceneEoceneOligoceneLateMiocenePliocenePleistocene toRecent Early Basement S R Se Se New Zealand Movement Australia Antarctica N 50 Ma Antarctica Australia 35 MaN Australia 25 MaN 8 mi. Kapuni Gp Ngatoro Gp UL IBA, 2016 WN Little sediment input Late Oligocene Australian plate Pacific plate SW NE Tikorangi Turi R
- 11. K Pg Ng Q Period EW J Epoch PaleoceneEoceneOligoceneLateMiocenePliocenePleistocene toRecent Early Basement Late S R Se S e R R Modified from Ron Blakey and Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc. 20 Ma Australia N 8 mi. UL IBA, 2016 Miocen e SW NE 10 MaN Australia Wai-iti GpManganui Se Moki Mt Messenge r R Tane - 1 Pateke - 2 Tui - 1 Ariki - 1 Kora - 1 Witoria - 1 Taranga - 1 Wainui - 1 Key: Sediment Source Taranaki Fault Fairway Map of Miocene Pohokura - 2 Area of uplift W N Stacked turbidite sequences R
- 12. K Pg Ng Q Period EW J Epoch PaleoceneEoceneOligoceneLateMiocenePliocenePleistocene toRecent Early Basement Late S R Se Se R R Se UL IBA, 2016 WN Pliocene Australia Modified from Ron Blakey and Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc. Recent N New Zealand Study area Plate Movement 8 mi. Giant Foresets Giant Foresets Topsets SW NE R R
- 13. Introduction Integrated Regional Setting Seismic Interpretation Play Concepts Petroleum Systems Prospect Evaluation Conclusion & Recommendations http://www.phillipstraub.deviantart.com
- 15. 5000 ft 5000 ft 10,000 ft 10,000 ft Tane -1 Taranga -1 Witiora -1 Pateke -2 Tui -1 Wainui -1 Kora -1 Ariki -1 Pohokura - 2 Turi Rakopi North Cape Farewell Tikorangi Ariki Tikorangi Farewell Turi Giant Foresets Farewell Tikorangi Turi Farewell Turi Tikorangi Giant Foresets
- 16. A 1 s - 2 s - 3 s - 4 s - A’ A A’ Tane - 1 Ariki Tikorangi Farewell Basemen t Tane - 1
- 17. Future Opportunities: • Neogene Turbidite Fan Lobes • Neogene Turbidite Ponding against Aeotea Knoll • Miocene Volcanoclastics • Late Cretaceous North Cape Marine Transgressive sands Present Opportunities: • Isengard (Cretaceous through Miocene) • Weathertop (Cretaceous) • Paleocene Farewell Fluvial sands • Mid Miocene Moki Turbidite sands
- 18. 5000 ft - 10,000 ft - 15,000 ft - Structure Moki SS CI : 0.02s ≈ 140 ft 0 10mi • Structural high Moki SS • Sourced by Rakopi Coal Member • Sealed Ariki Mudstone • Trapped by 4-way closure (Rollover Anticline) S R R Se Se BB’ SE B NW B’ Giant Foresets Manganui Tikorangi Turi North Cape/ Farewell Rakopi Basement • Structural high Moki SS • Sourced by Cretaceous Pakawau Group • Sealed by Ariki Siltstone and Manganui Mudstone • Trapped by 4-way closure (Rollover Anticline) Moki Turbidites
- 19. 5000 ft - 10,000 ft - 15,000 ft - 20,000 ft - Structure North Cape SS CI : 0.02s ≈ 140 ftSe R S R Se NW C’ C C’ 0 10mi Giant Foresets Moki Turbidites Manganui Tikorangi Turi North Cape Rakopi Basement • Drape over Feature of the Creataceous North Cape Reservoir • Sourced by Cretaceous Pakawau Group • Sealed by Turi Mudstone and Tikorangi Limestone SE C Wainui - 1 Facies Distribution and Impact on Petroleum Migration in the Canterbury Basin, New Zealand* Tusar R. Sahoo1 , Karsten F. Kroeger1 , Glenn Thrasher1 , Stuart Munday2 , Hugh Mingard3 , Nick Cozens2 , and Matthew Hill1 Search and Discovery Article #10816 (2015)
- 20. Introduction Integrated Regional Setting Seismic Interpretation Play Concepts Petroleum Systems Prospect Evaluation Conclusion & Recommendation s http://www.lotr.wikia.com
- 21. Pakawau Group • Coal and Shale Formations • Swamp, fluvial, and overbank deposits I Oil Prone III Gas Prone II Oil Prone HydrogenIndex Oxygen Index 1000 0 300 Offshore Wells Onshore Wells Composite Type Log Increase in Type 2 Kerogen Se Se R R R R S S S S • Type 2 & 3 Kerogen • Average TOC-10% Pakawau Risking PSE Elements Element Isengard Weathertop Source Pakawau Pakawau Reservoir Farewell/Miocene North Cape Seal Turi/Manganui Manganui
- 22. Structure of Pakawau Base Need Scale from Seismic Risking PSE Elements Element Isengard Weathertop Source Pakawau Pakawau Reservoir Farewell/Miocene North Cape Seal Turi/Manganui Manganui
- 23. Deepwater Virtual Deepwater Maturation • Pakawau buried to depths of 8000m Graben Complex Maturation • High Heat flow (120mW/m2) during initial rifting in late Cretaceous 0m 2000m 4000m 6000m 8000m Deepwater Virtual Well Pohokura Well 0m 2000m 4000m
- 24. HIGH RISK: • No well control • Immature/oil generation window MODERATE RISK: • Well control in oil generation window • No well control in Deepwater basin LOW RISK: • Well Control • Oil & Gas Expulsion Windows .9.7 .7 .6 .8 .5 .5 .6 <.4 <.4 Risking PSE Elements Element Isengard Weathertop Source Pakawau(.9) Pakawau(.6) Reservoir Farewell/Miocene North Cape Seal Turi/Manganui Manganui >.9
- 25. Miocene Turbidites • Moki and Mt. Messenger • 14-31% Porosity • Average perm. 135mD • Production: Maari, Kaimiro, and Ngataro fields Farewell Fluvial Sandstone • Up to 20% Porosity • Several hundred mD of permeability • Production: Maui and Tui fields Northcape Sandstone • Porosity up to 25% • Permeability over 500mD 3 2 Se Se R R R R S S S Risking PSE Elements Element Isengard Weathertop Source Pakawau(1) Pakawau(.6) Reservoir Farewell/Miocene North Cape Seal Turi/Manganui Manganui Outcrop of Miocene Turbidites Composite Type Log Miocene Turbidites Farewell Northcape Pakawau
- 26. MODERATE RISK: Presence of Northcape Formation that has had variable exploration LOW RISK: Presence of Farewell and Miocene Reservoirs HIGH RISK: No well control, no known effective reservoirs <.4 .5-.7 .8 .9 Risking PSE Elements Element Isengard Weathertop Source Pakawau(.1) Pakawau(.6) Reservoir Farewell(.8)/Miocene(.9) North Cape(.7) Seal Turi/Manganui Manganui
- 27. Manganui Mudstone • Calcareous Mudstone interbedded with limestone cement Turi Mudstone • Argillaceous, non- calcareous. • Mean pore throat size of <.035 um • Vsh ranges .25-.85 Turi SEM Pohokura-2 Witoria-1 Wainui-1 Taranga-1 Tane-1 Pateke-2 Kora-1 Ariki-1 Manganui Turi Risking PSE Elements Element Isengard Weathertop Source Pakawau(.1) Pakawau(.6) Reservoir Farewell/Miocene(.9) North Cape(.7) Seal Turi/Manganui Manganui Controlling Factors: Sedimentation Rate, Overpressuring, Hydrostatic Gradient, and Tectonic Breaching Composite Type Log Miocene Turbidites Farewell Northcape Pakawau Se Se R R R R S S Turi Manganui
- 28. Turi Vshale- Grainsize Turi Thickness(m) Turi Porosity+Density Neutron Porosity(m/m3) BulkDensity(g/cc) Poor Seal Moderate Seal Good Seal 0.0 .45 2.951.95 Modified from cns.gov 250 200 150 100 .4 .5 .6 .3 .8.7 Vsh=(GRlog-GRclean) (GRshale-GRclean) (1) (.6) (.9) (.7) Risking PSE Elements Element Isengard Weathertop Source Pakawau(.9) Pakawau(.6) Reservoir Farewell/Miocene(.9) North Cape(.7) Seal Turi/Manganui Manganui + +
- 29. MODERATE RISK: location of moderate seal effectiveness LOW RISK: Location of a thick, shaly, dense, low porosity seal HIGH RISK: No well control and believed to be location of poor quality seal Risking PSE Elements Element Isengard Weathertop Source Pakawau(.9) Pakawau(.6) Reservoir Farewell/Miocene(.9) North Cape(.7) Seal Turi/Manganui(.8) Manganui(.6) .9.8 .7 .6 .5 <.4
- 30. Introduction Integrated Regional Setting Seismic Interpretation Play Concepts Petroleum Systems Prospect Evaluation Conclusion & Recommendation s http://www.oxfordinklings.blogspot.com
- 31. Source maturity Oil window Miocene +Paleocene Stacked Sand Overlay Graben complex Highly faulted, migration pathway Productive Fields Trending NNE . Isengard Lead Key - Gas Expulsion - Oil Expulsion - Oil Generation - Prospect Maui Field Maari-Manai Field Kapuni Field Kupe Field
- 32. 2.0s 1.0s 3.0s 4.0s W E Stacked Miocene, Paleocene Sand Map PTD 13,500’ Paleocene Sand Miocene Sands S e R R S e S mile s 5,000’ 10,000’ 15,000’ Source Rock Maturity Map
- 33. Rock Properties p90 p10 Net Sand (ft) Effective Porosity (%) Sw Saturation (%) 45 10 Gas RF (%) 58 83 Permeability (mD) 20-800 Miocene Turbidite Sand Paleocene Fluvial SandRock Properties p90 p10 Net Sand h (ft) Effective Porosity (%) Sw Saturation (%) 45 10 Gas RF (%) 58 83 Permeability (mD) 1-350 Composite Type Log 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 0 5 10 15 Effective Porosity Miocene-Paleocene Sands Mt. Messenger Porosity Moki Porosity Paleocene Porosity 0 20 40 60 80 1 2 3 4 5 Net Sand Distribution Miocene-Paleocene Sands Moki Farewell S R S S R R S e S e S e p90 p10 p90 p10 p10 p90 p90 p10 64 147 11 25 72 108 9 21 Miocene Paleocene
- 34. Miocene Risked Reserves (BCFE) p90 5 pMean 19 p10 40 p1 99 Miocene Potential Reserves (BCFE) p90 8 pMean 29 p10 62 p1 152 Miocene Geologic Probability of Success Source 1 Migration .7 Reservoir .8 Trap .7 Seal .9 Geol P.O.S. 35% Paleocene Geologic Probability of Success Source 1 Migration .9 Reservoir .7 Trap .6 Seal .8 Geol P.O.S. 30% Paleocene Risked Reserves (BCFE) p90 33 pMean 97 p10 191 p1 388 Acreage 400 3400 Acreage 1050 4150 Strengths Reservoir Seal Risks Structure Trap Paleocene Potential Reserves (BCFE) p90 47 pMean 139 p10 273 p1 554 High Low Structure Map Miocene Moki Sand CI : 0.02s ≈ 140 ft mile s Structure Map Paleocene Farwell Sand CI : 0.02s ≈ 140 ft mile s Stacked Miocene, Paleocene Sand Map 5 miles Structure Map Miocene Moki Sand CI : 0.02s ≈ 140 ft mile s
- 35. PTD 17,000’ Farewell Sand Moki Sand 2.0s 1.0s 3.0s 4.0s W E Stacked Miocene, Paleocene Sand Map S e R R S e S 5,000’ 10,000’ 15,000’ mile s Structure Map Miocene Moki Sand CI : 0.02s ≈ 140 ft mile High Low Structure Map Miocene Moki Sand CI : 0.02s ≈ 140 ft mile s Miocene Targets Total Potential for Play Type: 8,500 MMboe/ac-ft
- 36. Source maturity Oil window Miocene +Paleocene Stacked Sand Overlay Well Logs Sands Thicken Less Overburden . Weathertop Lead Tane-1 Wainui-1
- 37. Late Cretaceous Marine, Transgressive Sand Play Late Cretaceous Sands Cretaceous Source PTD 20,000’
- 38. Rock Properties p90 p10 Net Sand h (ft.) 60 504 Effective Porosity (%) 13 16 HC Saturation (%) 40 60 RF (%) 20 40 Permeability (mD) >500 Late Cretaceous Transgressive Sands Composite Type Log R S e S Canterbury Basin Analog Map Example of future target: Strat drape/onlap seismic image Source: Resource Assessment of the Kaheru Prospect, Taranaki Basin, NZ (May 31, 2011) for Tag Oil Facies Distribution and Impact on Petroleum Migration in the Canterbury Basin, New Zealand
- 39. Structure map Of Miocene, Paleocene time, show spill point, Show idea, P1 value Map grid spacing, show location of opportunity Cretaceous Potential Reserves (MMBO) p90 185 pMean 2,300 p10 6,050 p1 24,900 Cretaceous Geologic Probability of Success Source .8 Migration .9 Reservoir .6 Trap .5 Seal .5 Geol P.O.S. 11% Cretaceous Risked Reserves (BCFE) p90 20 pMean 250 p10 665 p1 2,750 Strengths Gather data to de-risk new Play Type in Basin Risks Trap Seal Acreage 2,300 41,000 Structure Map Late Cretaceous North Cape Sand CI : 0.02s ≈ 140 ft scale
- 40. Mapped Channel Cuts Aotea Knoll Miocene Submarine Volcano Source Maturity Oil Expulsion . Rivendell Lead
- 42. Introduction Integrated Regional Setting Seismic Interpretation Play Concepts Petroleum Systems Prospect Evaluation Conclusion & Recommendations www.news.com.au
- 43. • 3 Target Reservoirs with Hydrocarbon Potential • Along Trend with Producing Fields • Potential for Exploration Expansion 2 New Play Types Deep in the Basin • Massive Potential for High-Quality Turbidite Sand Deposit (Rivendell) • All Within Thermally Mature Hydrocarbon Producing Source Rocks Gas-Condensate Well Dry Well Oil Well Prospects Lead Study Area Oil Field Gas/Gas-Condensate Field Volcano 2 Untested Fault/Structure Bound Prospects with x BCFE of P10 Reserves
- 44. Play Prospect Mean Risked Reserves (BCFE) Geologic P.O.S. L. Cretaceous Sands Weathertop Paleocene Fluvial Sands Isengard (Deep) 97 30% Miocene Turbidite Sands Isengard (Shallow) 19 35% Seismic Lines through Prospects Reservoir Depth PTD • Excellent Proven Source (Pakawau Group) Still Producing • Efficient Multi- Objective Wells • Four Distinct Play Types • Late Cretaceous Transgressive Marine Sands • Paleocene Fluvial Sands • Miocene Turbidite Sands • Miocene Turbidite Sheet Deposit • Hydrocarbon Production within Our Study Area (Tui-1, Kora-1, Pohokura- 2, & Pateke-2) and in Close Proximity (Maui, Kupe, Kapuni, Maari-Manaia Fields) • Successful Tests Could Expand Exploration within the Taranaki Basin, Creating New Opportunities
- 46. Plannin g Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Jan-Apr May-Aug Sep - Dec Jan-Apr May- Aug Sep-Dec Jan-Apr May-Aug Leasing & Permitting Acquire Well Logs & Seismic Perform Economic & Engineering Risk Evaluation Acquire Available Seismic Data to Confirm Structure for Isengard Prospect Process and Depth Migrate Data Around Isengard Prospect *Farm out lease if structure not confirmed Test Paleocene & Miocene Reservoirs in Isengard Prospect Test North Cape Reservoir in Weathertop Prospect *If Successful, Locate Similar Structures Within Deep Water Taranaki *If Unsuccessful, Analyze Data Acquired from Well, and Re-evaluate Play Type * If No Structure Found, Farm Out Lease for Rivendell Acquire 3D Seismic for Process and Depth Migrate 3D Seismic Perform Economic & Test Rivendell Turbidite Deposit
- 47. Year 1 2 3 4 5 6 Purchase existing 3D data Reprocess Data Re-evaluate Possibility of Success Drill Isengard Develop play-type Re-evaluate other prospects Drill Weathertop Prospect Success Success Develop play Drill Rivendell Exit
- 50. K Pg Ng Q J PaleoceneEoceneOligoceneLateMiocenePliocenePleistocene toRecent Early Basement Late Petroleum System: Weathertop Trap Stratigraphic: drape across rift blocks Seal Late Cretaceous marine shale Reservoir Primary: Rakopi Sands (Late Cretaceous); North Cape Fm Marine, Fluvial Sands (Late Cretaceous) Source Rakopi Equivalent delta and time- Legend Oil Shows Gas-Condensate Test Dry Hole CRETACEOUS PLAY MAP - Pertinent wells - Prospect Zoom of prospect Log snips of Cretaceous sands, Wainui, Tane GREAT SOUTH BASIN ANALOG
- 51. Legend Oil Discovery Well Gas-Condensate Test Dry Hole Migration Path Unrisked volume PLAY MAP - Pertinent wells - Prospect Log snips of Miocene sands WN Moki Formation K Pg Ng Q Period EW J Epoch PaleoceneEoceneOligoceneLateMiocenePliocenePleistocene toRecent Early Basement Late Petroleum System: Isengard Trap Structural: 4-way dip closure Seal Manganui Shale (Miocene); Tane marine Shale (Paleocene) Reservoi r Primary: Moki Sands (Miocene); Secondary: Farewell Fm (Paleocene) Source Rakopi Coaly Sands (Type II) and marine shale (Type III) RESERVES
- 54. • Geomorphology: • No marine reworked margin (shoreline) • No distributary mouth bar • Up-dip bypass channel (trap/lateral seal!) • Sequence stratigraphy: • Basin floor fan above sequence boundary • Downlap of lowstand wedge from above • Overlain by highstand deltas • Implications: • Adjacent shales possible resource play! (outcrop analog of
Editor's Notes
- Type log? Prospect risked reserves Annotated Seismic lines for prospects