History cardiovascular drugs Discovery

1. WELCOME
EVERYONE

2. What is Cardiovascular Disease
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of diseases that involve the
heart or blood vessels. Cardiovascular disease includes coronary artery
diseases (CAD such as angina and myocardial infarction (commonly
known as a heart attack).Other CVDs include stroke, heart failure,
hypertensive heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy,
heart arrhythmia, congenital heart disease, valvular heart disease,
carditis, aortic aneurysms, peripheral artery disease, thromboembolic
disease, and venous thrombosis.

3. Symptoms of Cardiovascular Disease
 Chest pain, chest tightness, chest pressure and chest
discomfort (angina)
 Shortness of breath
 Pain, numbness, weakness or coldness in legs or arms if the
blood vessels in those parts of body are narrowed
 Pain in the neck, jaw, throat, upper abdomen or back.

4. Causes of cardiovascular disease
 While cardiovascular disease can refer to different heart or blood vessel
problems, the term is often used to mean damage to our heart or blood vessels
by atherosclerosis (ath-ur-o-skluh-ROE-sis), a buildup of fatty plaques in our
arteries. Plaque buildup thickens and stiffens artery walls, which can inhibit
blood flow through our arteries to our organs and tissues.
 Atherosclerosis is also the most common cause of cardiovascular disease. It
can be caused by correctable problems, such as an unhealthy diet, lack of
exercise, being overweight and smoking.

5. Causes of cardiovascular disease

6. Cardiovascular agents
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor
1. Monopril
generic name: fosinopril
2. Capoten
generic name: captopril
3. Altace
generic name: ramipril
4. Vasotec
generic name: enalapril

7. Cardiovascular agents (cont.)
Angiotensin receptor blockers
1. Diovan
generic name: valsartan
2. Cozaar
generic name: losartan
3. Micardis
generic name: telmisartan

8. Cardiovascular agent (cont.)
 Antianginal agents
1. Nitro-Bid
generic name: nitroglycerin
2. Isochron
generic name: isosorbide dinitrate
3. Ismo
generic name: isosorbide mononitrate

9. Cardiovascular agents (cont.)
ACE inhibitors with calcium channel blocking agents
1) Tarka
generic name: trandolapril / verapamil
2) Lexxel
generic name: enalapril/felodipine beta blockers with thiazides
1. Tenoretic 100
generic name: atenolol / chlorthalidone

10. Discovery of beta blocker

11. History of Ach inhibitor
 Acetylcholine (ACh) was first identified in 1915 by Henry Acetylcholine
(ACh) was first identified in 1915 by Henry Hallett Dale for its actions on
heart tissue. It was confirmed as a neurotransmitter by Otto Loewi, who
initially gave it the name Vagusstoff because it was released from the vagus
nerve. Both received the 1936 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their
work. Acetylcholine was also the first neurotransmitter to be identified. Hallett
Dale for its actions on heart tissue. It was confirmed as a neurotransmitter by
Otto Loewi, who initially gave it the name Vagusstoff because it was released
from the vagus nerve. Both received the 1936 Nobel Prize in Physiology or
Medicine for their work. Acetylcholine was also the first neurotransmitter to be
identified.

12. History of Calcium channel blockers
 Calcium channel blockers were first identified in the lab of German
pharmacologist Albrecht Fleckenstein beginning in 1964. In 1021, Avicenna
introduced the medicinal use of Taxus baccata for phytotherapy in The Canon
of Medicine. He named this herbal drug "Zarnab" and used it as a cardiac
remedy. This was the first known use of a calcium channel blocker drug, which
were not in wide use in the Western world until the 1960s.

13. Discovery of cardiovascular agents

14. THANK YOU