Glumerulonephritis

1. Adult Health Nursing (AHN)
Faculty : Mr Rafique Siyal
Glumerulonephritis
Submitted by : Masooma Sadiq

2. Definition of Glomerulonephritis
What is glomeruli.
Etiology of glomerulonephritis.
Signs and symptoms of Glomerulonephritis
Risk factors of Glomerulonephritis
Diagnosis of Glomerulonephritis
Test and Clinical procedure
Prognosis of Glomerulonephritis
Treatments of glomerulonephritis
Objectives

3. Glomerulonephritis
 Glomerul=Glomeruli
 Nephr=Kidney
 Titis=Inflametion
 Glomerulonephritis means the
inflammation of glomerulus of the
kidney.
 Glomerulonephritis may be acute
(sudden) or chronic ( long term).

4. Acute GN
• It may be due to problem with your
immune system overreacting to the
infection . This can go away without
treatment but if doesn’t go away prompt
treatment is necessary to prevent your
kidney from long term damage.

5. Chronic
Glomerulonephritis
 The chronic GN can be develop over
several years with no or very few
symptoms.
 A genetic disease can sometimes cause
chronic GN . Hereditary Nephritis occurs
in young men with poor vision and
hearing.
 Immune system may also cause chronic
GN. History of cancer may also put you
at risk.

6. GLOMERULI
 Glomeruli or glomerulus is the part of
kidney made up of tiny blood vessels
that helps in to filter the waste and fluids
from the Blood and make urine.

7. EITIOLOGY
 Often , the precise cause if the
glomerulonephritis is unknown.
 Glomerulonephritis may be cause by
specific problems with the body immune
system.

8. Signs and Symptoms
 Most of the common symptom are:
 Hematuria : Blood in urine (dark , brown
and rusty colored)
 Proteinuria: protein in urine
 Foamy urine
 Swelling of the face , eye ,ankles ,feet ,
legs and abdomen
 High blood pressure is most important .

9. Signs and symptoms
 Those symptoms which may also appear:
 Abdominal pain
 Cough
 Diarrhea
 Fever
 Joint aches
 Muscle aches
 Loose of appetite
 Shortness of breathing

10. Risks factors
 History of cancer
 Blood or lymphatic disorder
 Exposure to hydrocarbon solvent
 Diabetes
 Infection ( strep infection , heart infection
and viruses)

11. DIAGNOSIS
 Because symptoms develop gradually
the disorder may be discover when
there are abnormal urinalysis during a
routine physical or examination
unrelated disorder .
 Blood and protein in the urine during
urinalysis are the important markers for
the disease.

12. Teats and clinical
procedures
 Imaging Tests:
 Abdominal CT scan
 Kidney Ulrasound
 Chest X_RAY
 Intravenous Pyelogram
 Urinalysis and other urine test:
 Creatinine clearance
 Urine concentration test
 Urine specific gravity
 Total protein

13. Treatment
 Depending on the type and severity of
the GN , the cause and treatment may
be different.
 One treatment is to control high blood
pressure because its underlining cause
of GN.
 To reduce the immune triggered
inflammation give intravenous fluids(IV).

14. Treatment
 In diet need to reduce amount of protein
, salt and potassium.
 Calcium supplements recommended.
 Diuretics to reduce swelling.
 If condition becomes advanced you
need to have dialysis or may need a
kidney transplant.

15. PROGNOSIS
 Glomerulonephritis may be temporary
and reversible condition or may get
worse.
 Progressive glomerulonephritis may
lead to chronic kidney failure and stage
kidney disease.

16. THANK YOU