As a rescuer it is very must to know about the rescue strategy and techniques to rescue a victim who is trap in collapsed structure.

1. RESCUE
STRATEGIES
AND
TECHNIQUES
Insp Vijay Kumar
NDRF Academy
Nagpur
1

2. 04 List the steps for removing rubble.
03
List the five factors to analyze when
evaluating access condition.
02
List the four techniques for accessing and
rescuing a victim.
01
Describe the two ways of approaching a
located trapped victim.
OBJECTIVE
S Upon completion of this lesson you will be able to …
05
Describe the procedures for penetrating
different materials.

3. VERTICAL APPROACH
APPROACH STRATEGIES

4. HORIZONTAL APPROACH

5. VERTICAL APPROACH
Easy access
Cleaner work
conditions
Body position is
more comfortable
Easier to use tools and
equipments
ADVANTAGES

6. VERTICAL APPROACH
Time
consuming
Debris/cut pieces may fall on
the victim.
Likely to work with
concrete.
DISADVANTAGES

7. Easy penetration
Material in most cases is
not concrete.
Debris does not fall on the
patient.
HORIZONTAL APPROACH
ADVANTAGES

8. Uncomfortable body
position
Crawling frequently required
Tool position awkward
Dirtier working condition
HORIZONTAL APPROACH
DISADVANTAGES

9. Access and Rescue
Techniques
02
03
04
01 Removing rubble
Shoring
Lifting/stabilising loads
Cutting and
penetrating

10. Avoid cutting into
load-bearing walls.
Shore before removing
pieces which are in under
pressure.
Removing Rubble
Remove small pieces first and
never remove any pieces that
are in under pressure.
Verify the condition of
building components.
Determine pattern
of collapsed
structure.

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When breaching a wall/floor , always be aware
that a trapped victim may be in direct contact with
the other side of the wall/floor.
Avoid cutting too deeply to prevent damaging
structural elements, wires, water pipes etc.
Cutting &
penetrating
Note: Shoring, Lifting and stabilizing loads will discuss in next
lessons.

12. Secure access
area and remove
rubble.
Establish safety
zones and escape
routes.
Evaluating Access Conditions
Mitigate
hazards.
Proceed to victim
marking location.
Ensure utilities are
cut off.

13. Procedures for cutting & penetrating
materials
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14. Procedure for Cutting and penetrating metal and
wood
Use full PPE
Select the proper
tool.
Make the work area safe from
hazards.
Knock on the metal or wood to find a
hollow area.
Make an inspection hole, use caution when
breaking through the other side.
5
4
3
2
1

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Cut a triangular access hole, large enough to
permit access. Additionally avoid cutting too
deeply..
Remove the piece you have cut,
protect against sharp edges.
Shore if necessary. 8
7
6

16. Procedure for cutting and penetrating concrete
block and brick
Select proper
tool
Make the work
area safe.
Make an inspection
hole with all
precautionary
measures.
Use full PPE

17. Procedure for cutting and penetrating concrete block and
brick
Now check stability and Shore if
necessary.
Remove the cut triangle own side and ensure
do not push it inside.
Mark a triangle (70x70 cm) then firstly start to cut Base of
triangle then other arms.

18. Angle of breach (80°-85°)
Cutting Reinforced Concrete
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All arms 70cm x 70 cm

19. Direction of breach
Angle of cutting
Two side - 70°- 80°
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Vertical approach

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Cutting Reinforced Concrete
Cable reinforcements needs to be
identified early.
Cutting pretension cables can result in
the immediate failure of the slab or
structural componnts.
Tensioned cable should be cut only
under the direction of a structural
engineer.
1
2
3

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Tools for Cutting Concrete and wood
Sledge hammerChisel
Pick mattock

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Crow bar
Chipping hammer
Rotary hammer drill

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Hack saw
Bolt cutter
Carbide tip chain saw

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Acetylene torch
Rotary rescue saw

25. Horizontal
approach
Goal is to cut a
triangular hole in the
concrete.
Make the two upper cuts slight
angle off perpendicular (80 –
85 degrees).
This will prevent the cut
portion from falling inward.

26. Vertical approach
01 03 0402
Goal is to cut a
square/rectangular hole in the
concrete.
Make a small hole in the centre of
the piece which will be used to lift
the cut portion.
Cut two opposing sides of the
square at a slight angle off
perpendicular (70-80 degrees).
Complete the square by cutting
the remaining two sides in a
normal perpendicular fashion.

27. Lift out the piece using the centre
hole.
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06
05
For reinforced concrete with steel bars or
stranded cable, loosen the concrete around
the bar and cut the individual bar.

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REVIEW

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ANY QUESTIONS ?

30. 1. Tell any two disadvantages of horizontal approach ?
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EVALUATIO
N
2. Tell any two advantages of vertical approach ?

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THANK YOU