3. • The main functions of PPC are the coordination of all the activities,
which exist during production or manufacturing.
• Materials : This function is concerned with ensuring that the Raw
material, standard finished parts, finished parts of products must be
available while starting the operation within the time.
• Methods : This function is concerned with the analysis of all methods
of manufacturing and selecting the best appropriate method
according to the given set of circumstances and facilities.
• Machines and Equipments: It is important that methods of
manufacturing should to be related to the available production
facilities coupled with a detail study of equipment replacement policy.
This function is concerned with the detailed analysis of the production
facilities, maintenance procedures and equipment policy.
• Routing: It refers to the flow of sequence of operation and processes
to be followed in producing a particular finish product. It determines
manufacturing operation and their sequence.
4. • Estimating: This function is concerned with estimation of operations
time. The operation time can be worked Out once the overall method
and sequence of operation is fixed and process sheet for each operation
is available.
• Loading & Scheduling: It is important that machine should be loaded
according to their capabilities performance the given and according to
the capacity. It is concerned with preparation of machine loads and
fixation of starting and completion dates for a particular operation.
• Dispatching: It means the assignment of work to different machines or
work places which involve authorities to start of production activities in
order of their priority as determined by scheduling.
• Expediting: It is also called Follow Up or Progress. Follow up which
regulates the progress of materials and parts through the production
process. It is closely interrelated with activities of dispatching.
5. • Inspection : It is an important control tool. Its assessment is
important in the execution of current program and
planning stage of undertaking when the limitations of the
processor, method and manpower are known. It forms a
basis for future investigations with respect to method,
process etc. which is useful for evaluation phase.
• Evaluating : This is the integral part of control function. The
evaluating function is concerned with providing a feedback
mechanism on the long term basis so that the past
experience can be evaluated with the aim of improving
utilization of method and facilities.
6. d
• 1) Materials:
• Raw materials, finished parts and bought-out
component should be made available in required
quantities and at required time to ensure the correct
beginning and end for each operation resulting in
uninterrupted production.
• The function includes the specification of materials
(quality and quantity) delivery dates, variety reduction
(standard-izations), procurement and make (or) buy
decisions.
7. • 2) Methods:This functions is concerned with the analysis of alternatives
and selection of the best method with due consideration to constraints
imposed. Developing specification and determination of sequence of
operations for the processes are important aspects of production planning
and control.
• 3) Machine and equipment:This function is related with the detailed
analysis of available production facilities, equipment down time,
maintenance policy, procedure and schedule.
• 4) Manpower:To maintain the availability of appropriate manpower on
appropriate machines at the right time.
• 5) Process planning (Routing):It is concerned with selection of path route,
which the raw material should follow to get transferred into finished
product.
• (A) Fixation of path of travel, giving due consideration to layout.
• (B) Breaking down of operations to define each operation in detail.
• (C) Deciding set up time and process time for each operation.
8. • 6) Estimating:Once the overall method and sequence of operations are fixed and process sheet
for each operation is available, then the operation times are estimated. This functions is curried
out; using extensive analysis of operations along with methods a routing and a standard time for
operation is established using work measurement techniques.
• 7) Loading and scheduling:Scheduling is concerned with preparation of machine loads and
fixation of starting and completion date for each of the operations. Machines have to be loaded
according to their capability of performing the given task and their capacity.
• (A) Loading the machines as per their capability and capacity.
• (B) Determining the starting and completion time for each operation
• (C) To coordinate with sales department regarding delivery schededules.
• 8) Dispatching:This is the execution phase of planning. It is the process of setting production
activities in option through release of orders and instructions. It authorizes the start of
production activities by releasing materials, components, tools, fixtures and instruction sheets to
the operators.
• (A) To assign definite work to particular machines, work centers and men.
• (B) To issue required material from stores; and also to issue jigs and fixtures and make them
available at correct point of use.
• (C) Release necessary work orders, time tickets, etc., to authorize timely start of operations.
• (D) To record start and finish time of each h=job on each machine (or) by each man.
9. • 9) Expediting:This is the control tool that keeps a close observation on the progress of the
work. It is a logical step after dispatching which is called follow-up (or) progress. It
coordinates extensively to execute the production plan. Professing function can be divided
into three parts, i.e. follow-up of materials, follow-up of work-in progress and follow-up of
assembly.
• (A) Identification of bottlenecks and delays and interruptions because of which the
production schedule may be disrupted.
• (B) To devise action plans (remedies) for rectifying the errors.
• (C) To ensure that production rates are in the line with schedule.
• 10) Inspection:It is a major control tool. Though the aspects of quality control are elements of
a separate function, it is important to production planning and control, both for the
execution of the current plans and its scope for future planning. This forms a basis for
becoming aware of the limitations with respect to method, processes etc.
• 11) Evaluation:This stage is crucial to the improvement of productive efficiency. A thorough
analysis of all the factors influencing the production planning and control helps to identify the
weak sports and the corrective actions with respect to pre-planning and planning will be
effected by a feedback. The success of this step depends on the communication, data and
information gathering and analysis
