Polio is caused by the poliovirus. The vast majority of polio infections present no symptoms. Polio has been eradicated in every country of the world except for Nigeria, Pakistan and Afghanistan. Pregnant women are more susceptible to polio. Around half of the people who have had polio go on to develop post-polio syndrome.

1. Module- 4
Topic name
RNA VIRUSES
Sub code: BMLT5001
Sub Name: Virology and mycology
Department: Department of MLT, SMAS
Faculty: A. Vamsi Kumar
Designation : Assistant professor
Sem- V

2. SYLLABUS OVERVIEW
Unit-1 Mycology 8 hours
Introduction to medical mycology, basic concepts about superficial and deep mycoses taxonomy , classification &
general characteristics of Various medically important fungi.
Unit-2 Fungal infection 8 hours
Names of fungi & diseases caused by them; superficial mycoses, candida, dermatophytes, opportunistic fungi,
subcutaneous mycoses
Unit-3 Virology 7 hours
Introduction, classification of virus, collection, Transport, & Storage of sample for Viral diagnosis. Staining Techniques
used in virology,
Processing of sample for viral diagnosis (Egg Inoculation & Tissue culture)
Unit-4 RNA Viruses 9 hours
RNA Viruses: Polio myelitis, Rhino virus, Influenza, Rabies, Arbo viruses, Measles Mumps, Rubella, HIV
Unit-5 DNA Viruses 8 hours
DNA viruses: Small Pox, HSV, CMV, EBV, Varicella Zoster, Hepatitis, Adeno virus
Unit - 6 Next generation PCR and it’s modren applications 8 Hours
PCR and Next genration DNA Secquencing techniques to identify viral genome: History of PCR, Priciple of PCR, Stages
of PCR, procedure of PCR, Concept of optimization of PCR, Applications of PCR, Advancements in PCR technology, DNA
sequecing techniques, Methods of DNA Sequencing, Next generation DNA sequencing techniques

3. Detection of viruses in cell cultures
1. Cytopathic effects
2. Inclusion bodies
3. Hemadsorption
4. Interference
5. Transformation
6. Immunofluorescence

4. Detection of viruses in cell cultures

5. Detection of viruses in cell cultures

6. Detection of viruses in cell cultures

8. Detection of viruses in cell cultures
1. Cytopathic effects
2. Inclusion bodies
3. Hemadsorption
4. Interference
5. Transformation
6. Immunofluorescence

9. Inclusion bodies
Distinctive

16. Hemadsorption

17. Hemadsorption

19. Cell culture

22. Laboratory Diagnosis
Lab diagnosis
Direct demonstration
of virus
Isolation of virus Detection of Viral
specific antibodies
1. Electron Microscopy
2. Immunoelectron
microscopy
3. Fluorescent microscopy
4. Light microscopy
5. Viral antigens detection by
ELISA
6. By using nucleic acids
probes
7. Polymerase Chain reaction
(PCR)
1. Organ culture
2. Explant culture
3. Cell culture
• Primary cell cultures
• Diploid cell cultures
• Continuous cell culture
(Immortal cell lines)

23. Pathogenesis of viral infection

32. Unit-4 RNA Viruses 9 hours
RNA Viruses: Polio myelitis, Rhino virus, Influenza, Rabies, Arbo
viruses, Measles Mumps, Rubella, HIV
Unit 4

36. NOTES

37. General points
1. Introduction
2. Classification
3. Morphology (General properties)
• Size
• Shape
• Symmetry
• Capsomers
• Genome
• Envelop
• Special viral proteins
4. Susceptibility & Resistance
5. Isolation / Cultivation - Animal/tissue/cell
culture
6. Pathogenesis + mode of transmission +
incubation period
7. Signs & Symptoms + Complications
8. Laboratory diagnosis
• Sample collection (antemortem + Post
mortem )
• Transport
• Direct microscopy
• Culture / isolation of virus
• Cytopathic effects
• Inclusion bodies or other tests
• Immunofluorescence tests
• Molecular tests
• Ag detection tests
• Detection of viral specific antibodies
9. Prophylaxis (Vaccination)
• Active immunization
• Passive immunization
10. Treatment
1. I
2. C
3. M
4. S&R
5. Cul
6. Patho
7. Signs
8. LD
9. Px
10.T

38. Introduction
1. I
2. C
3. M
4. S&R
5. Cul
6. Patho
7. Signs
8. LD
9. Px
10.T

39. Classification1. I
2. C
3. M
4. S&R
5. Cul
6. Patho
7. Signs
8. LD
9. Px
10.T

40. 1. I
2. C
3. M
4. S&R
5. Cul
6. Patho
7. Signs
8. LD
9. Px
10.T

41. Morphology of polio virus
1. I
2. C
3. M
4. S&R
5. Cul
6. Patho
7. Signs
8. LD
9. Px
10. T

42. Morphology of polio virus
1. I
2. C
3. M
4. S&R
5. Cul
6. Patho
7. Signs
8. LD
9. Px
10. T

43. 1. I
2. C
3. M
4. S&R
5. Cul
6. Patho
7. Signs
8. LD
9. Px
10.T

44. 1. I
2. C
3. M
4. S&R
5. Cul
6. Patho
7. Signs
8. LD
9. Px
10.T

45. Culture
1. I
2. C
3. M
4. S&R
5. Cul
6. Patho
7. Signs
8. LD
9. Px
10.T

46. Culture

47. Pathogenesis
1. I
2. C
3. M
4. S&R
5. Cul
6. Patho
7. Signs
8. LD
9. Px
10.T

48. Clinical symptoms
1. I
2. C
3. M
4. S&R
5. Cul
6. Patho
7. Signs
8. LD
9. Px
10.T

49. Lab Diagnosis 1. I
2. C
3. M
4. S&R
5. Cul
6. Patho
7. Signs
8. LD
9. Px
10.T

50. 1. I
2. C
3. M
4. S&R
5. Cul
6. Patho
7. Signs
8. LD
9. Px
10.T

51. Prophylaxis
1. I
2. C
3. M
4. S&R
5. Cul
6. Patho
7. Signs
8. LD
9. Px
10.T

52. 1. I
2. C
3. M
4. S&R
5. Cul
6. Patho
7. Signs
8. LD
9. Px
10.T

53. 1. I
2. C
3. M
4. S&R
5. Cul
6. Patho
7. Signs
8. LD
9. Px
10.T

54. 1. I
2. C
3. M
4. S&R
5. Cul
6. Patho
7. Signs
8. LD
9. Px
10.T

55. 1. I
2. C
3. M
4. S&R
5. Cul
6. Patho
7. Signs
8. LD
9. Px
10.T

56. Treatment
1. I
2. C
3. M
4. S&R
5. Cul
6. Patho
7. Signs
8. LD
9. Px
10.T

57. It only takes just
2 drops
to protect yourself
from polio for an
eternity.

58. Dr. Salks