10. Worldwide investments in renewable technologies
amounted to more than US$286 billion in 2015
China and the United States heavily investing in
wind, hydro, solar and bio-fuels.
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11. According to the worldwide report of 2015,
more than 50% of all new electricity generation systems that
are installed was based on renewable energy sources.
At present approx 47 nations around the world
already have over 50% of electricity
from renewable resources.
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12. Iceland and Norway have already generated their 100%
electricity by using renewable energy sources.
Many other countries have set the goal to reach 100%
renewable energy in the future
(Example: Denmark government declared to produce 100%
electricity from renewable sources by 2050)
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13. Worldwide installed capacity of renewable power sources in 2017
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
Wind Power Hydro Power Solar Energy Geothermal
Energy
Bio Energy
Installed Capacity in GW
Installed Capacity in GW
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14. Globally installed electricity
generating capacity in 2017 was 2.2 TW
Growth in consumption of coal and oil could end
by 2020 due to the increase of renewable energy sources.
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23. Photovoltaic array is not available on night hours &
rainy seasons.
On the other hand, the wind speed also varies.
Efficiency & performance of the Solar-Wind hybrid
system is better than the single system of
Solar panel & Wind turbine.
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26. Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is a technique used
commonly with wind turbines and photovoltaic (PV) solar systems for
maximizing the power under all conditions.
Wind turbines & PV solar systems exist in many different configurations
with regard to their relationship to inverter systems, external grids,
battery banks, or other electrical loads
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28. The purpose of the MPPT system is to sample the output of
the Wind turbine & PV cells and apply the proper resistance
(load) to obtain maximum power for any given
environmental conditions
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29. As the amount of sunlight & the speed of air varies, the load characteristic
gives the changes in efficiency for power transfer.
The efficiency of the system is optimized when the load characteristic
changes to keep the power transfer at highest efficiency.
This load characteristic is called the Maximum Power Point (MPP) and
MPPT is the process of finding the point.
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32. By monitoring the static impedances
A small signal current is periodically injected into the array bus as well as
static bus impedances (Zd and Zs respectively) are measured. The
operating voltage is then adjusted until the condition Zd = - Zs is achieved.
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33. By monitoring the output power
The value of dP / dV is zero at maximum power point. This property is
utilized to track the minimum power point. Voltage is adjusted and power
output is sensed. The operating voltage is increased as long as dP / dV is
positive. That is, voltage is increased as long as we get increased output.
If dP / dV is sensed negative, the operating voltage is decreased.
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45. Benchmark
Hybrid Power Generation by Using
Solar and Wind Energy Hybrid Power
Generation Applicable To Future
Electric Vehicle
Maximum Power Point Tracking in
Solar-Wind Hybrid system
for Battery Storage Application
In this paper, authors designed a hybrid
power generation model to produce
electrical power from renewable energy
(using windmill & solar). They designed the
project including solar panel, dynamo,
rectifier & battery. But they didn’t use any
tracking or controlling system to increase
the efficiency.
We also designed a model of hybrid system
using renewable sources. It’s very useful as
an alternative power generation system of
non-renewable sources. We used an MPPT
technique in this system to get maximum
power. By using this technique efficiency
can be increased.
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50. Conclusion
It is cleared from this study that, this solar-wind hybrid power generation
system provides voltage stability. Though it’s maintenance & fabrication
cost is low, consumers can get the power at low cost. From the results, it
indicates that the system has better dynamic behavior and it’s satisfying
the requirement of battery storage application at any environmental
condition & there’s no chance to pollute the environment. There’s no
carbon emission from this system.
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