Session 38 Gunnar Johansson

Resenärers snabba anpassning till
nya förutsättningar

Gunnar Johansson
Offentlig sektor
IBM

© Copyright IBM Corporation 2008

IBM Global Business Services

Vi står inför stora utmaningar inom transportsektorn

Framkomligheten, lokal och global
miljöpåverkan samt trafiksäkerhet
Att öka kapaciteten i infrastrukturen är dyrt
och tar lång tid
Få stora investeringsprojekt är
samhällsekonomiskt lönsamma

2 2008 e-readiness rankings | Confidential | January 09 | © Copyright IBM Corporation 2008


Försöket med Trängselskatter:
Lärdom 1) Våra resvanor är överraskande anpassningsbara

Låga avgifter gav överraskande stora
och omedelbara effekter på
vägtrafikvolymen (>20%)
Mindre än hälften av minskningen blev
nya kollektivresor (ökning med 5% av
antalet kollektivresor)
Inga negativa effekter på handel och
arbetsmarknad



Försöket med Trängselskatter:
Lärdom 2) Oväntad förändring från negativ till positiv attityd

60%
Mycket negativ attityd före försöket
Skiftet kom efter tre månader 50%

40%

30%

20%
Good idea
Bad idea
10%

0%
Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr Maj Jun
05 05 05 06 06 06 06 06 06 06



Är dagens färdavgifter för kollektivtrafik effektivt
utformade?

Regional kollektivtrafik subventionaras av
Landstingen
> 15 mdr per år i Sverige
> 5 000 kr per förvärvsarbetande i Stockholms län
?? ??? kr per långpendlare under rusningstrafik i
Stockholms län
Huvudargument: Framkomlighet i vägnätet,
skaleffekter och regional enhetlighet.
Förslag: Inför tidsdifferentierade avgifter



Är dagens avdragsregler för arbetsresor välmotiverade?

Resor till och från arbetet subventioneras av
Staten
?? Mdr per år i Sverige
?? ??? kr per långpendlare i Stockholms län
Huvudargument: Effektivare arbetsmarknad,
regionalpolitik
Mörkertal?
Förslag: Slopa avgraget i stora delar av landet



Har vi ett för stort fokus på ny infrastruktur på grund av ett
föråldtar perspektiv och ineffektiv skatte- och avgiftspolitik?

Om subventioneringsgraden är för hög har vi troligen:
En överkonumtion av mobilitet, troligen främst långa dagliga resor under rusningstid i
de större regionerna
För stor miljöbelastning
Krav på ny infrastruktur av kapacitetsskäl som inte är samhällsekonomiskt motiverad

Vad skulle hända med en mer insiktsfull skatte- och avgiftspolitik
Ökad effektivitet i utnyttjandet av existerande infrastruktur
Mindre krav på ny infrastruktur och troligen bättre lönsamhet i de projekt som behövs
Incitament för ökad flexibilitet i hur offentlig och privat verksamhet bedrivs
Ökat incitament för en långsiktigt mer effektiv och uthållig stadsplanering



Det behövs nya holistiska perspektiv, inte bara ny
myndighetsstruktur, om vi skall lyckas

Efterfrågan av transporter och resor är
mer dynamisk än vad beslutfattare tror
Man bör involverar regionalpolitik,
arbetsmarknadspolitik, IT-politik och
energiförsörgning
Ny transport- och infrastrikturpolitik bör
inriktas på att öka välfärden med
befintlig infrastruktur
Maturity Model - ett hjälpmedel att vidga
perspektivet och se mya möjligheter



Maturity Model Template
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Level 5
Silo Centralized Partially Integrated Multimodal Integrated Multimodal Optimized
Functional Area Project-based Integrated agency Integrated corridor-
Integrated regional
Planning Planning (single Planning (single wide planning (single based multimodal
multimodal planning
mode) mode) mode) planning
strategic Performance Defined metrics by
Limited integration Shared multimodal Continuous system-
planning Minimal across organizational -
system-wide metrics wide performance
Measurement mode
silos measurement
Customer accounts Unified customer Integrated multimodal
Customer Minimal capability, no
managed separately for
Multi-channel account
customer accounts interaction per mode account across multiple incentives to optimize
Management each system/mode modes multimodal use
Real-time for major Real-time coverage for System-wide real -
Data Collection Limited or Manual Near real-time for major corridors, all
routes using multiple time data collection
Input major routes significant modes
inputs across all modes

real-time Common user 2-way system
Data Integration Limited Networked
interface integration
Extended integration
information
creation
Periodic, Systematic High-level analysis in Detailed analysis in Multi-modal analysis in
capability Analytics Ad-hoc analysis
analysis near real-time real-time real-time

Multimodal, multi-
Payment Manual Cash Automatic Cash Multimodal integrated
Electronic Payments media (fare cards,
Methods Collection Machines fare card
cell phones, etc)

Network Ops. Centralized, Single Automated, Single Automated, Multimodal Real-time
Ad-Hoc, Single Mode
Response Mode Mode Multimodal Optimized

Manual detection, Manual detection, Automatic detection, Automated pre- Dynamic multimodal
Incident response and coordinated response, coordinated response planned multimodal recovery plans based
real-time
Management recovery manual recovery and manual recovery recovery plans on real-time data
intervention
capability Demand Individual measures, Coordinated
Individual static Multimodal dynamic
with long term measures, with short Dynamic pricing
Management measures
variability term variability
pricing

Multi-channel trip Location-based, on- Location-based,
Traveler Static Information
Static trip planning with
planning and account- journey multimodal multimodal proactive
Information limited real-time alerts
based alert subscription information re-routing

Multimodal Network Management Maturity Model version 1.1 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2007


Maturity Model – London
Integrated regional
multimodal planning
Measurement mode
silos measurement

information
creation

Multimodal, multi-
cell phones, etc)

Ad-Hoc, Single Mode

real-time
intervention
Management measures
pricing




Maturity Model – Comparison of All Cities Studied
Integrated regional
multimodal planning
Measurement mode
silos measurement

information
creation

Multimodal, multi-
cell phones, etc)

Ad-Hoc, Single Mode

real-time
intervention
Management measures
pricing





Illustration of Outputs and Process
Maturity Model Interviews Global Benchmarking Innovation Workshop

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Level 5 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Level 5
Silo Centralized Partially Integrated Multimodal Integrated Multimodal Optimized Silo Centralized Partially Integrated Multimodal Integrated Multimodal Optimized
Functional Area Project-based Integrated agency Integrated corridor- Functional Area Project-based Integrated agency Integrated corridor-
Integrated regional Integrated regional
multimodal planning Planning Planning (single Planning (single wide planning (single based multimodal
mode) mode) mode) planning multimodal planning
Limited integration Shared multimodal Continuous system- strategic Performance Defined metrics by
planning Minimal across organizational system-wide metrics
- wide performance Minimal across organizational system-wide metrics
- wide performance
Measurement mode planning Measurement mode
silos measurement silos measurement
Customer accounts Unified customer Integrated multimodal Customer accounts Unified customer Integrated multimodal
Multi-channel account Customer Minimal capability, no
customer accounts interaction per mode account across multiple incentives to optimize customer accounts interaction per mode
account across multiple incentives to optimize
Management each system/mode modes multimodal use Management each system/mode modes multimodal use
Real-time for major Real-time coverage for System-wide real - Real-time for major Real-time coverage for System-wide real -
Limited or Manual Near real-time for Limited or Manual Near real-time for
Data Collection routes using multiple major corridors, all time data collection Data Collection routes using multiple major corridors, all time data collection
Input major routes Input major routes significant modes
inputs significant modes across all modes inputs across all modes

real-time Common user 2-way system real-time Common user 2-way system
Data Integration Limited Networked Extended integration Data Integration Limited Networked
interface integration information
information
creation creation

AS IS
Periodic, Systematic High-level analysis in Detailed analysis in Multi-modal analysis in capability Analytics Ad-hoc analysis
capability

TO BE
Analytics Ad-hoc analysis
analysis near real-time real-time real-time analysis near real-time real-time real-time

Multimodal, multi- Multimodal, multi-
Payment Manual Cash Automatic Cash Multimodal integrated Payment Manual Cash Automatic Cash Multimodal integrated
Electronic Payments media (fare cards, Electronic Payments media (fare cards,
Collection Machines fare card Methods Collection Machines fare card
Methods cell phones, etc) cell phones, etc)

Ad-Hoc, Single Mode
Ad-Hoc, Single Mode Response Mode Mode Multimodal Optimized
Manual detection, Manual detection, Automatic detection, Automated pre- Dynamic multimodal Incident
Incident response and coordinated response, coordinated response planned multimodal recovery plans based real-time response and coordinated response, coordinated response planned multimodal recovery plans based
real-time Management recovery manual recovery and manual recovery recovery plans on real-time data
Management recovery manual recovery and manual recovery recovery plans on real-time data intervention
intervention Individual measures, Coordinated
Individual measures, Coordinated capability Demand Individual static Multimodal dynamic
capability Demand Individual static Multimodal dynamic with long term measures, with short Dynamic pricing
with long term measures, with short Dynamic pricing Management measures
pricing
Management measures
pricing
Multi-channel trip Location-based, on- Location-based, Traveler Static Information
planning and account- journey multimodal multimodal proactive Information limited real-time alerts
limited real-time alerts based alert subscription information re-routing
Information based alert subscription information re-routing

Presentation on High Level Road Map Categorise Initiatives
Recommendations Scheme
Complexity
Short term Medium term Long term

Long Term
Appropriate
supplier
Performance
improvement at
all stages of the
Mitigate supply
chain risk
associated with
Optimised engagement
strategies 2015
Vision
relationships
business cycle skills shortages
Contracting Supplier World class outage performance
Extend CFA relationship (Safety, Quality, Time
Investment in
Prime Contracting management & Cost)
long term Supply
No
continuous Chain
surprises
improvement Support to end of life enabled
Integration and
(inc. life extn) to meet
alignment of all Supply chain, Free up Maximise
resource Inventory available changing

Long term
functions that suppliers and global
deliver outages central outage upon demand Efficient business
market supply chain
team operating World- potential needs
Outage as one team class
organisation
that underpins Unified
Management Minimise risk supply current and future.. Passport
and impact on base business goals.… catalogue with
Outage Management Obsolete spares
and equipment generation
centralised data
Integrated Planning
sourcing partners
Ability to plan and
respond alternative management
Effect on

Medium term
Deployment of World
business / market
Class Contract Enhanced
Technology
roadmaps
Obsolescence team
Industry-wide collaborative
relationships
scenarios
Management
Reorganised Station
communication
and training
An Oracle
system that
Congestion
Defined
obsolescence
process
Smoother workload,
improving ability to plan
Supply Chain

Optimised Warehouse
Additional
functionality
supports
business
needs
reduction
Spares Access management
Proactive supplier Exploit existing
knowledge and
Obsolescence rationalisation Centralised procurement of Catalogue systems

Short term
leading practice
goods, services and spares cleansing

Supply Chain Enabling
Cross Industry Effectiveness Systems,
Collaboration & Outage Management
Processes and
Global Sourcing Integrated Planning
Contract Management Data



Tack för att ny lyssnade


Session 38 Gunnar Johansson

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