The Tudor Dynasty

Cupoftea|British| TudorDynasty| Culture andCivilization|FNBE2015 January
The Tudor
Dynasty

Visual Timeline
Battle of Bosworth
HenryVIIwas
crownedas Kingof
England
House of Tudor and
House of York is
united
HenryVIIIascended
the throne
Anne Boleyngives
birthto Elizabeth
Dissolutionof
Monasteries
Jane Seymourgives
birthto Edward VI
Edward VI
succeededthe
throne
Lady Jane Grey
ascendedthe
throne for9 days till
execution
Mary I replaced
Lady Jane Grey

Mary marriesPhilip
of Spain
Elizabethaccedes
the throne
Protestantand
Catholicmerged
The Englishdefeats
the SpanishArmada

History of Tudor
1457 Jan 28
HenryTudor (akaHenry VII) wasbornto Lady Margaret Beaufort(descendantof EdwardIII) and
EdmundTudor (Welshmanof Welshroyal lineage)
1485 Aug 22
War of Rosesended.HenryVIIhaddefeatedRichardIIIandwascrownedthe Kingof England.
1486 Jan 18
HenryVIImarriedElizabethof York.She isthe eldestdaughterof the previousYorkistKing,EdwardIV.
Thismarriage had broughtbothhouses,House of Lancasterand House of York together.Thisevent
createdthe Tudor Rose,joiningof the white rose of Yorkand the redrose of Lancaster.
1486 Sep 19
Birthof Arthur,Prince of Wales
1488/1489
HenryVIIhad arrangeda marriage forArthur to Catherine of Aragon,Princessof Spain,anddaughterof
Ferdinandof Aragon,Kingof Spain.
1491 Jun 28
Birthof HenryVIII
1501 November14
Arthurand Catherine gotmarried.
1502 March
Arthurfell sick,possibility tuberculosis,the plagueorthe dreaded“sweatingsickness”.
1502 April 2
Arthurdiedwhichmade HenryVIIIthe nextKing.HenryVIIwantedtokeepCatherine ashisdaughterin
law,so after14 monthsof Arthur’sdeath,he made Catherine engagedtoHenryVIII.
1503 February 11
Deathof Elizabethof York
1505
HenryVIIIwas oldenoughtogetmarried,butthe marriage withCatherine isdelayedbecause HenryVII
had lostinterestinmaintaining Spanishalliance.
1509 April 22
HenryVIIdied.
1509 June 11
AfterHenryVIII’sfatherdied,he wasstill keenonmarryingCatherine.He obtainedthe papal
dispensationfromthe Pope toallowhimtomarry hisbrother’swidow,andtheywedmakingCatherine
the Queenof England.
1516 Feb18

Aftermanybabies’deathandmiscarriage,Marywas finallybornandlived.She isthe onlychildof Henry
VIIIandCatherine of Aragon.
1547 Feb20
Edward VIwascrownedas the kingeventhoughhe was only9 yearsold. Edward Seymourtookthe
opportunityof the kingbeingyoungandproclaimedhimself ashisprotector.EdwardSeymourruled
behindEdwardVIas hisLord Protector.
1551 Oct 11
Edward Seymourwasarrestedforconspiracy.JohnDudleyreplacedEdwardSeymour asthe Lord
Protector.
1552 Jan 22
Edward Seymourwasexecuted.
1553 Jul 6
Edward VIdied.
1553 Jul 10
Protestantwashappythat Edwardwas the King,butfear f his death.Thisisbecause theyare afraidthe
nextinthrone,whichisMary I wouldreturn Englandto RomanCatholicism.Topreventthisfrom
happening,some noblesplottedtobringanotherwomantothe throne,soJohnDudleyandHenryGrey
chose herown daughterandson to be the nextqueentocontinue the Protestantmonarch.
1553 Jul 19
Afterreceivingthe newsof herbrotherdeath,she gatheredmanysupportersinSuffolk.Afterthat,she
and herfollowersrode intoLondon,imprisonedLadyJane andhersupporterupand declare herselfas
the Queenof England.
1554 Feb12
Executionof Jane Greyand GuildfordDudley.
1554 May 19
Release of ElizabethIfromthe tower
1554 July 25
Marriage of Mary I and PhilipIIof Spain.Thismarriage bringbackthe alliance withSpain.
1558 Nov I
Mary I diedbecause of cancer.
1559 Jan 15
Coronationof ElizabethI
1603 Mar 24
ElizabethIDeath

Who were the Tudors?
The King and queens of the Tudor family ruled England from
1485 to 1603. Henry Tudor of Lancaster won the crown at the
Battle of Bosworthin1485. Thisendedthe Warsof the Rosesin
which two branches of the royal family, Lancaster and York,
fought for the throne. Henry VII combined the two family
emblems, the red rose of Lancaster and York, into the Tudor
rose.It wasa symbol of the newlyunifiedcountry.
The fightfor the crown hadbankruptedEngland.HenryVIInow
avoided costly wars and managed the country’s money
carefully.He wipedoutEngland’sdebtsandturnedEnglandinto
a wealthyworldpower.
In 1509, Henry died and his son became King Henry VIII. The new King was a fine sportsman. He also
claimedhe couldout-drinkanyof hiscourtiers.He ruledwithextravagantdisplaysof power,once leading
5,800 followerstoFrance,to meetthe Frenchkingat the Fieldof the Clothof Gold.He had to raise taxes
to pay forsuch exploitsand forhisexpensive warswithFrance andScotland.
HenryVIIIlefttherunningof the countrytopowerful
ministers like Cardinal Thomas Wolsey and, later,
Thomas Cromwell. Wolsey became rich enough to
build Hampton Court. This palace, which had 1,000
roomsand 280 silkcoveredbeds,isastrikingpartof
the Tudor Heritage.
Henry married six times. He divorced his first wife,
Catherine of Aragon, after she failed to produce a son. Henry’s divorce was opposed by the Pope, who
controlled the Catholic Church in England. To get his own way, Henry passes the Act of Supremacy,
appointinghimself‘Supreme Headof the ChurchinEngland’.He couldnow runthe EnglandChurchas he
wished,withnointerference fromthe Pope inRome.

How did the Tudors found an empire?
From earlyTudor times,explorerssetout to findnew countrieswithwhich to trade, and quickerroutes
to countries they knew. Many searched for a northern passage to China, either to the west, north of
America,orthe east,northof Russia.
In 1497, five yearsafterChristopherColumbushaddiscoveredAmerica,JohnCabot,an Italiannavigator,
setsail fromBristol.HenryVIIwashispatronand hisshipwaspaidfor bylocal merchants.Cabotreached
an island that he thoughtwas China,but whichwasprobablyNewfoundland.He hadnot foundAsia,but
fishermencouldnotfollowhisroute toNewfoundlandeachyear,tobringcod.
In1553, SirHughWilloughbyandRichardChancellorsailed
in searchof a passage to China,roundthe north of Russia.
WilloughbywasshipwreckedinLapland,andfroze todeath.
ChancellorreachedMoscow,andmetthe Russian‘tsar’,or
king,Ivanthe Terrible.WilloughbyandChancellorfailedto
finda route toChina(itwasfinallyfound inthe nineteenth
century and is today kept open by Russian icebreakers).
They did, though, open a route for merchants and
diplomatstotravel regularlybetweenRussiaandEngland.
In September 1580, Francis Drake completed a three-year,
round-the-world voyage. Drake’s companions made written
records of his exploits. They describe the many pirate raids
Drake made against Spanish ships in the Pacific: ‘We espied
twoshipsundersail andgave chase toone…We boardedher
from the ship’s boat without resistance. We found her to be
a good prize,yieldingusa goodstore of wine.’
Fromthese Tudorexpeditionsgrewthe British‘worldpower’,
withitshuge tradingempire,of latertimes.
Francis Drake’s Voyage

Social Strataof Tudor Dynasty
Tudor Dynasty 1485-1603
Kingand Queen:Richestpersoninthe land.
The Church: (Headof church) ownslarge amountof land,controlspeople bypreachingwhattheywant
themto believe,confiscates landanddissolvemonasteries.
Archbishops:Able toinfluence King/Queen,partof government,supportMonarch.
Bishops:Partof government,supportMonarch.
Clergymen:Churchservices,provideseducationtopeoplewhocanafford,visitingthe sick,counseling
Gentlemen:Bornrichwithtitles,importantpositionsingovernment.
YeomenandCitizens:fairlywealthy,richenoughtoownhousesandemployservants,ownlands/farms,
some are merchants,craftsman.
Laborers:Workedfor Yeomenand Citizens,employedtodoheavyjobs.
Vagrantsand Beggars:Unemployed,begformoney.
Archaic 1707 - Great Britain
Royal:Close relativestoking& queen.
Peer(Noble/Archbishops):large landholders.
Baronet(Hereditary): Hereditarystyleof knighthood.
Knight:Seniormemberof gentry,organizing large bodyof militaryforces.
Gentry/Gentlemen:Highassetstolive withoutworking,priests,politics.
Yeomen:Farmers,Longbowmeninmilitaryroles.
Husbandman:Tradesman,Farmer,Serf (Server).
Cottagers:Vagabonds(wonderer),Drifters,Criminals,Outcasts.

Tudor Administration
-medievalgovernmentendedon1529
-rule the countrywithEnglishmonarchy
-social andideologicalchangesunderthe powerof feudal nobility
-runand managedby educatedfunctionaries(the Councilandthe Courtof Star Chamber)
-divine rightof kingshave the powertorule overtheirsubjects
-reducedthe powerof traditional aristocracyandincrease inthe powerof the commercial classes
-focusonan essentialaspectof Englishgovernmentandthe TudorParliament(active)
-Romancivil lawwasnot accepted intothe TudorAdministration
-Englishcommonlawwasusedinstead(taughtinInnsof Court)
-the royal bloodline onlystaysonthe throne unchallenged
-citizenhada rise innationalism,confidence andpatriotism
-seasare controlledbyTudorand most naval explorationresultsinthe beginningof Englishseafaring
tradition
-Tudorspositionthemselvesasapeace makerbetweenFrance andSpain
-governmentranmore efficientlyduringthe rulingof TudorDynasty
-uniformsystemof justice andtaxation
-HenryVIIIandElizabethIstandsout more than the other4 monarchs
-inReformationParliament,EnglishParliamenthasgivingapermanentplace of political importance and
incorporateditinthe Englishsystemof government
-TudorDynastyis run byCrownand the Parliament
-the Crowncontrolsthe Parliament
-3 functionsinTudorsParliament,debateandconsultationof governmentbills,legislation,taxation
-citizensof Tudorhave the freedomof speech,freedomtoarrestanddirectpersonal accessof the
speakerof the commonsto the monarch
-electionsforM.P.are notpractice regularlyinTudordynastyasmany influentialmeninthe counties
believedthatelectionsshouldbe decidedasmuchby the statusof the votersas bytheirmere number
-OliverCromwell contributedalotinthe developmentingovernmentstructure

Tudor Fashion
RUFF
The ruff,whichwas wornby men,
womenandchildren,evolved
fromthe small fabricruffle atthe
drawstringneckof the shirt or
chemise.Theyservedas
changeable piecesof cloththat
couldthemselvesbe laundered
separatelywhile keepingthe
wearer'sdoubletfrombecoming
soiledatthe neckline.
BODICE
A bodice isan article of clothingforwomen,coveringthe bodyfromthe necktothe waist.The term
comesfrompair of bodies(because the garmentwasoriginallymade intwopiecesthatfastened
together,frequentlybylacing)

FARTHINGALE
A farthingale isanyof several
structuresusedunderWestern
Europeanwomen'sclothinginthe
16th and 17th centuriestosupport
the skirtsin the desiredshape.It
originatedinSpain
DOUBLET
A doubletisaman's snug-fitting
buttonedjacketthatisshapedand
fittedtothe man's bodywhichwas
wornin WesternEurope fromthe late
middle Agesuptothe mid-17th
century.The doubletwashiplengthor
waistlengthandwornoverthe shirtor
drawers.

Tudor Crime and Punishment
The Star Chamber
The Star Chamberwasan Englishcourtof law whichwaslocatedat the royal Palace of Westminster.The
Star Chamberwitnessedthe trialsof royaltyandnobilitybetween1487 and 1641. The primaryfunction
of the Star Chamberwasto hear casesinvolvingpolitical libel,heresyandtreason.The StarChamber
was made upof PrivyCounsellorsandjudgesandwassetup to ensure the fairenforcementof laws
againstpowerful andprominentpeople whomightnotbe convictedby ordinarycourts.StarChamber
sessionswere closedtothe publicandbecame greatlyfeared.The StarChambercourtsessionswere
heldinsecret.The Star ChamberCourthad no jury,there wasno rightof appeal andno witnesses -
evidence wasgiveninwriting.The powerful Courtof the StarChamberevolvedintoapolitical weapon
to use againstany opponentsof the policiesof the monarch.
Common Crimes
HighTreason
Blasphemy
Sedition
Spying
Rebellion
Murder
Witchcraft
Alchemy
The punishmentformost of the above crimeswasdeath.There were variousformsof execution.These
terrible punishmentsincludedexecutionbybeheading,burningandthe terrible punishmentforhigh
treasonwasto be hung,drawnand quartered.Minorpunishmentswouldincludetakingthe lands,titles
and wealthformthose whohadbeenfoundguiltyof variouscrimes.

Beheading("Deathby the Axe")
The punishmentof deathbythe axe wasthe
mostcommon formof executionanditwasa
terrifyingprospect.The Tudorexecutionersoften
tookseveral blowsbefore the headwasfinally
severed,aswasinthe executionof the old
Countessof Salisbury.AnneBoleynwasgranted
the servicesof a Frenchexecutionerandthe
sword,ratherthan the axe.The punishmentof
beheadingwasheldinpublicandwitnessedby
manypeople.Followingthe executionby
beheadingthe severedheadwasheldupbythe
hair bythe executioner.Thistraditionwasnotjusttoshow the crowdthe head,but alsoto show the
headof the victimthe crowdand to it'sown body.Consciousnessremainsforatleasteightseconds
afterbeheading,untilthe lackof oxygencausesunconsciousnessand mercifullydeath.The headsof
Tudor traitorswere placedonstakesanddisplayedinpublicplacessuchasonthe rampartsof castlesor
such prominentspotslikeLondonBridge.
Hanging from the gallows
A piece of rope wasput aroundthe neckmakingit hard for
the personto breathe.The personwouldbe hungfromthe
rope until he/she hadstoppedbreathingandwasdead.
People were hungforcrimessuchasstealing,treason,
rebellion,riotormurder.
Burning
AnotherTudorpunishmentincludedexecutionbyburning,
favoredbythe CatholicinquisitionandQueenMaryI - Bloody
Mary. Beingburntat the stake wasa mostterrible death.Tudor
Executionerssometimesshowedmercytotheirvictimsbyplacing
gunpowderatthe base of the stake whichhelpedthe victimstoa
swifter,andlesspainfuldeath.The onlyotherrespite fromthe
excruciatingpainof beingburnttodeathwasif the victimsdiedof
suffocationthroughsmoke inhalationandlackof oxygen.

Superstitions andTaboos
Touch wood
Many of us still say‘touchwood’whentalkingaboutfuture plans,evenif we don’tactuallyperformthe
action:“It’s supposedtobe finishedbyFriday,touchwood”.Intoday’sera,touch woodissomething
that a personwouldsaywhenhe or she wantstheirluckor a goodsituationtocontinue.
Mistletoe
From Saxontimes,if mistletoewashungoverthe dooror above a hearth,itwasa sacredoath that the
hostwouldnotkill hisguests,evenif theywere mortal enemies,andwoulddefendthemagainstattack
for as longas theyremainedbeneaththe mistletoe.The mistletoe pledge wasoftenusedattimesof
great feasts,like the wintersolstice,whenfightscouldeasilybreakoutafterheavydrinking.For
centuries,mistletoe hasbeenconsideredaplantthat increaseslifeandfertility.
Norse legendstellthe tale of Balder,sonof the goddessFrigga.Asthe legendgoes,Balderwaskilledby
an evil spiritwithanarrowmade of mistletoe.Saddenedbyherson’sdeath,Friggawepttearsof white
berries,whichbroughtBalderbacktolife.Friggawasso overjoyedthatshe blessedthe plantand
promisedakissto all whopassedbeneathit.
Witchcraft
Witchcraftwas a fact of life,notsomethingonlyafew believedin.If yourmilksoured,awitch'scurse
was to blame.If yourpregnancymiscarried,yourelderlyfemaleneighbourwasbehindit,especiallyif
she livedalone andknewhowtoheal the sick.Witcheswere hangedinEngland,burntinEurope.But
theywere notthe onlybugbearsof the Tudor imagination.
Suicideswere still buriedatcrossroadsto confuse theirwaybackfromthe landof the dead,stakeswere
put thoughtheirheartstopin themto the ground.What the modernmindseesaspsychological,the
Tudor perceivedasreal exteriorforce.Sinwasalivingthing,andsin-eaterswouldbe employedto
consume foodthathad beenpassedoverthe corpse of a deadperson.Meetthe Tudors

HENRY VII
Born on 28 January1457, inPembroke Castle,Wales
Accededthe throne inTudor Dynastyin 30 October1485, inWestminsterAbbey,London,England
Deceasedin21 April 1509, inRichmondPalace,Richmond,Surrey,England
BuriedinHenryVIIChapel,WestminsterAbbey,London,England
Father– EdmundTudor
Mother – Margaret Beaufort
Wife – ElizabethPlantagenet
Children –ArthurTudor, Margaret Tudor, HenryVIITudor,Mary Tudor
-founderof TudorDynastywasOwenTudor,a squire tothe England’sKingHenryV
-HenryVIsucceededhisfather,HenryV
-HenryVIwas involvedinthe Warsof Roses,a seriesof powerstrugglesbetweenthe rulingHouse of
Lancaster andHouse of York
-the House of York wonand Tudor was killedandHenryVIlosthisthrone andEdwardIII became king
-HenryVIIbecame Kingof Englandwassomewhata miracle
-hismother,Margaretwas a descendantof EdwardIII
-KingEdwardIII’sson,Johnof Gaunt marriedCatherine SwynfordandMargaretwasborn by them
before the twoof themwere married

-Hisfatherdiedandhismotherwas incapable of caringhim, sohisuncle,Jasper Tudorbecame his
guardian.But Jasperwasa Lancastrian andYorkistforce hadtakenTudor fortresswhere HenryVIIhad
lived.JasperescapedandHenryVIIwastakencustodybythe Yorkistforce
-duringthe separationof HenryVIIandJasperTudor,the eventsof HenryVii wasuncertain
-butit wascertainthat he was inthe Herberts’care whenthe Lancastriansseizedpower
-hishalf uncle,KingHenryVIwascapturedinthe battle of Barnetand murdered
-the male line of Lancastriandynastywaswipedoutand inthe Beaufortline,Margaret,Henry’smother
was the sole heiress,sothe obviousheirtothe LancastrianpretensionwasHenryVII
-hisuncle JasperquicklytookbackHenryto Brittanyto keephimsafe fromthe Yorkisthandsuntil the
chance for Henryto return as King
-in1483, YorkistKingEdwardIV usurpedthe throne to EdwardV, becomingKingRichardIII
-duringthistime,uncle Jaspertriedtoinvade togainbackthe throne,but there isa stormand had
weakenJasper’sattackingforcesandthe plan hadfail
-the true heirof the England’sthrone wasdecidedatthe Battle of Bosworth.RichardIIIand Henry’s
force clashesandHenry wonthe battle.RichardIIIwas killedandHenrywascrownon the midstof
battlefieldnearStoke Goldingvillage
-Henry formsYeomenof the Guard and revivesCourtof StarChamberto increase royal involvementin
civil andcriminal cases
-Henrystrengthenedthe monarchybyemployingpolitical innovations
-Henrycreatedthe Committee of the PrivyCouncil asanexecutiveadvisory
-implytax,loansandgrantson the nobility
-Hisskill atby-passingParliamentplayedacrucial role inhissuccessat renovatinggovernment
-duringthe control underHenryVII,the faithandstrengthof the monarchywasweak,he strengthened
the governmentandhisownpowerwiththe helpof the nobles
-thattime,the treasurywasalso nearlybankrupt.Throughhismonetarystrategy,Henrymanagedto
steadilyaccumulate wealthduringhisreign,sowhenhe died,he leftaquite afortune tohisheir
-Henrymake use of the Parliamenttomake Englandanditsgovernmentwealthier
-he choose notto over-taxinghispeople,andyethe getto laida solidfinancial foundationof
government
-the Henry’sgeniusinfinancialadministrationwasnothisowninnovation,he merelyrefinedthe Yorkist
kingsthat hadshownthemselvesadeptatfinancial administration
-Henrysupportsthe Parliamentratherthanthe Crown
-Henrywastrulya government“of the talents”
-Henrythinkthattoo much independence wasgiventoIrelandduringthe control of Yorkistoverlords.
He showedthe ironfistandforbiddingthe Irishtohave theirownParliament
-Scotlandwasalsoa problemtoHenry as ScotlandsupportedPerkinWarbeck.Thiswassolvedby
marryinghisdaughter,Margaret to JamesIV of Scotlandfor a perpetual peace
-Henryencouragedtrade andgivingoutlucrative trade agreements,increasingthe wealthof both
crown andnation
-he signedtreatyof “Magnus Intercursus”and“Great Intercourse”withthe Netherlandstosecure
England’stextileexport
-Englandwasnot restoredovernightandthe War of Roseshadnot endedwiththe deathof RichardIII
-PerkinWarbeckwasa threatto HenryVIIas he wasrecognizedas“Richard Duke of York” that his
continuingexistence dominatedHenry’sforeignpolicy
-Henryhimself hadmarriedElizabethof York

-withthe marriage betweenthem,Henrycombinethe RedRose fromthe House of Lancaster andthe
White Rose of the House of York and turn itintothe Tudor Rose
-PolderVergildescribedhistohave none of the charismaof the laterTudors
-he wasnot personallyattractive tohispeople
-FrancisBacon statedHenrywasa miser
-Henryhadneverbeenveryambitiousinforeignaffairs
-“What he minded,he compassed”-

Henry VIII
KingHenryVIIand QueenElizabethYorkgave birthto6 children,butonly3 survived.Theyare Arthur,
Margaret & Henry.
JUNE 28 1491
HenryVIIIwas born.
1509
Arthurwas the supposedheirtothe throne whenKing Henrypasses,buthe diedatan earlyage of 15.
In the end,Henrytookthe throne andmarriedhisdeadbrother'swife,Catherine.
At that time,Henrywas18 and hiswife was23.
After2 days of hiscoronation,Henryexecuted2of hisfather'sministers.
1533
Henryand Catherine were togetherfor24 years,and theyhad9 pregnanciesintotal,butonlyone of
themwere successful anditwasthe birthof theironlydaughterandchild,Mary.
Feelingsadanddepressed,Henrydecidedtolookformistressesto satisfyhisdesire tohave ababyboy.
One hismistresses,MaryBoleynsuggestedhersister,AnneBoleyntobe Henry'snextwife.
HenrymarriedAnne in.Before givingbirthtothe child,Henrythoughtthattheiroffspringwill be aboy,
so he decidedtoname himHenryor Edward. Butinstead,itwasa girl and theyhadto name her
Elizabeth.
Anne hadanotherbaby inthe form of a boy,but he sadlydiedduringbirth,Disappointedwithnotbeing
able to give birthtoa boy,HenryblamedAnne forhavinganaffairwith3 othermen andarrestedall of
themto be executed.

1536
As Anne wasbeheaded,Henrywasalreadyplanninghisnextweddingwithanotherwoman,Jane
Seymour.
Jane successfullygave birthtoababy boy,whotheynamedEdward.Sadly12 dayslater, she died.Henry
mournedforherdeathas he washappy thatshe gave birthto a boyand that she was hisTRUE WIFE.
1539
After3 years,Henrydecidedtofinda new wife andhe diditby organizingabeautycontest.
In the end,he marriedthe winnerwhich wasAnne of Cleves.Sixmonthslater,theydivorcedandshe
was giventhe nickname 'The King'sSister'.
1540
As time goeson,Henrywentonto marry anotherwoman,KathrynHoward.
She was only18 whentheymarried.Asshe wasyoungandbeautiful,itturnedoutthatshe had many
affairswithothermen,sohe sentencedhertobe beheadedaswell.
1543
Lastly,Henrywenton to marryhis 6th wife,CatherineParr(DaughterOf Maud Green,a ladyinwaiting
to QueenCatherine,Henry'sfirstwife)
1547
Henry diedat the age of 55.

Edward VI
-Born:12 October1537
-onlysonof Henry VIIIandhisthirdwife,Jane Seymour.
-coronation:20 February1547
-EdwardVIaccedesto the throne at the age of nine afterthe deathof hisfather,HenryVIII.
-EdwardSeymour,Earl of Hertford,uncle of EdwardVI,isinvestedasDuke of SomersetandProtectorof
England.
-The Duke of SomersetisdeposedasProtectorof England,andis replacedbyJohnDudley,Earl of
Warwick,whocreateshimself Duke of Northumberland.
-The Duke of Somersetisexecuted.
-The Duke of NorthumberlandpersuadesEdwardtonominate hisdaughter-in-law LadyJane Greyas his
heir,inan attemptto secure the Protestantsuccession.
-EdwardVIdiesof tuberculosisatGreenwichPalace.

Lady Jane Grey
- bornin 12 February1554
- Great granddaughterof HenryVII,granddaughterof Mary Tudor& CharlesBrandon,
daughterof FrancesBrandon& HenryGrey
- marriedtoGuildfordDudleyin21 May 1553, whois the son of Edward VI’sprotector,John
Dudley
- In earlyFebruary1547, Jane wassentto live inthe householdof EdwardVI'suncle,
ThomasSeymour,whosoonmarriedHenryVIII'swidow,CatherineParr.Jane livedwiththe
couple until the deathof QueenCatherine inchildbirthinSeptember1548.
- Whenthe 15-year-oldkingdiedinJune 1553, Jane was nominatedassuccessortothe
Crowninhiswill
- Northumberlandfacedanumberof keytasksto consolidate hispowerafterEdward'sdeath.
- Jane isThe Nine DayQueen.
- Northumberlandisolateand,ideally,capture LadyMary to preventherfromgathering
support.
- Assoon as Mary was sure of KingEdward'sdemise,she leftherresidence atHunsdonand
setout to East Anglia,where she begantorallyhersupporters.
- NorthumberlandsetoutfromLondonwithtroopson 14 July;inhisabsence the Privy
Council switchedtheirallegiance fromJane toMary, and proclaimedherqueeninLondon
on19 Julyamonggreatjubilationof the populace.
- Jane wasimprisonedinthe Tower'sGentlemanGaoler'sapartments,whileherhusbandinthe
BeauchampTower.
- The newqueenenteredLondoninatriumphal processionon3 August,andthe Duke of
Northumberlandwasexecutedon22 August1553.
- In September,ParliamentdeclaredMarythe rightful queenanddenouncedandrevoked
Jane'sproclamationasthat of a usurper.

Mary I
1516 Feb18
Birthof Mary I
1553 Jul 19
AfterLadyJane’s9 daysof reign,she andhersupporterswenttoLondonto take back her throne.She
imprisonedLadyJane Greyandher supporters.
1554 Jul 25
Marriage withPhilipIIof Spain
1554 September
Mary I believedshe waspregnant.
1555 May – July
Was expectingforababy butit neverhappen.Itwasbelievedshe hadaphantompregnancy.
1556 Jan
Phillipbecamethe Kingof SpainandleftMary I.She wassaddenedbythisevent.
1557 March – July
PhillipreturntoMary I andconvincedherto fightagainst France as the allyof Spain.DuringPhillip’s
return,Mary I believedshe waspregnantagain.
1558 March
It was expectedthatthe babywouldarrive aroundthistime,butonce againthere wasnobaby.
1558 Nov 17
Mary I diedfromcancer.

Elizabeth I
1533
Born intothe Tudor dynasty
Elizabethisbornon7 SeptemberinGreenwichPalace.
Newsof herbirthcausesrejoicingacrossthe country,but isa bitterdisappointmenttoherfatherHenry.
He isdesperate fora male heirtocontinue the Tudordynasty.AlthoughElizabethismade nextinline to
the throne,the Kingprayshis nextchildwill be male –supersedingherclaimtothe throne.
1536
Mother beheaded
ElizabethistwoyearsandeightmonthsoldwhenhermotherAnne Boleynisaccusedof adulteryand
beheadedonthe ordersof HenryVIII.
Her fathermarriesAnne’slady-in-waitingJane Seymouraweeklater.Elizabethisdeclaredillegitimate
and removedfromthe royal succession.Hertitle isdowngradedfrom'Princess’to'Lady’. Elizabethis
neglectedforanumberof yearsuntil Henry'sfinal wife Catherine Parrtakescharge andmakessure she
iseducatedto the higheststandardsand,crucially,taughtthe artof publicspeakingbyrenowned
Cambridge scholarRogerAscham
1547
Father dies
SimonSchamaexplainshowThomasSeymourandElizabeth'srelationshipdeveloped.A Historyof
BritainbySimonSchama (BBCTwo, 2000).
Elizabethis13-years-oldwhenHenryVIIIdies.Hernine-year-oldhalf-brotherEdwardbecomesKing.
Elizabethjoinsthe householdof herstepmotherCatherineParr.WhenElizabethiscaughtinan embrace
withParr’shusbandThomasSeymour,she isbanishedfromthe house.In1548 Catherine diesin
childbirthandSeymourissubsequentlyexecutedforplottingtomarry ElizabethandkidnapEdwardVI.
WhenElizabethisquestionedbythe authoritiesshe protestsherinnocenceandescapesprosecution.

1554
Imprisonedin the Tower of London
AfterEdward’searlydeathin1553 Elizabeth’soldersisterMary I becomesqueen.
Mary returnsthe countryto Catholicismandbeginsaseriesof bloodypurgesof Protestants.287 are
executedduringhershortreign.Mary’splanto marryPrince Phillipof Spainsparksanunsuccessful
rebellionandElizabethisinterrogatedaboutherinvolvementwiththe plotters.She isimprisonedinthe
Towerof Londonbefore beingputunderhouse arrestinWoodstock,Oxfordshire.
1558
ElizabethbecomesQueen
Followingthe deathof herhalf-sisterMary,Elizabethsucceedstothe throne.She is25.
Elizabethhasinheritedacountrywrackedbyreligiousstrife andknowsshe needspublicsupportto
remainqueen.The celebrationsforthe coronationthe followingyearare spectacular.Asherprocession
makesitsway throughLondonon itswayto Westminstershe pausestolistentocongratulationsand
receive flowersfromordinarypeople onthe street.
1559
Returns England to Protestantism
Elizabethreinstatesthe Churchof England,anddeclaresshe doesnotwantto make "windowsinto
men'ssouls".
She removesthe Pope asheadof the Englishchurchand insteadbecomesitsSupremeGovernor.She
introducesanewBookof CommonPrayerand republishesanEnglishtranslationof the Bible.Elizabeth
takesa pragmatic viewof hersubjects’personal faithandreligiousorthodoxiesare notstrictlyenforced.
1560
Fallsin love?
SimonSchamaasks if Elizabethwasreallyinlove withRobertDudley.ClipfromA Historyof Britainby
SimonSchama(BBC Two,2000).
Elizabethhasmanysuitorsbutthe one who comes closesttowinningherheartisRobertDudley,Earl of
Leicester.
The two are veryclose andshe appointshimas one of her mosttrustedadvisors.Whenhiswife Lady
AmyDudleydiessuddenlyinsuspiciouscircumstancesin1560, rumoursstart spreadingaboutthe
nature of Robert'srelationshipwiththe Queen.HoweverElizabethignoresthe rumours.The precise
nature of theirrelationshipremainsamysterytothisday.
1566
Refusesto marry
ParliamentrefusestograntElizabethanyfurtherfundsuntil the matterof hermarriage issettled.
Thisangersthe Queenand,usingherskillsof rhetoric,she lambastsmembersof Parliamentsayingthe
welfare of hercountryisher priority,notmarriage andParliamentshouldkeepoutof herpersonal
matters– she will marryif and whenitisconvenient.

1583
A revolutionin theatre
Elizabeth’sreignseesaflourishingof the Englishtheatre.
LegislationencouragesactorstojointouringcompaniessuchasLord Sussex’sMenandLord Leicester’s
Men. Theysettle in London,firstperformingintavernsandtheninpurpose-builttheatres.The Queen
takesan interestinplays,attendingperformancesatcourt,and in1583, she commandsthe formationof
the QueenElizabeth’sMen.Bythe 1590s the dominantactingcompanyis the Lord Chamberlain’sfor
whomShakespeare writesandperforms.
1580-1585
Explorationand the beginningsof Empire
ElizabethlooksbeyondEurope foropportunitiestoexpandtrade andincrease the nation’swealth.Her
reignseesmanyvoyagesof discovery.
In 1580 FrancisDrake becomesthe firstEnglishmantocircumnavigate the globe.In1585 Sir Walter
Raleighsetsupa colonyof about 100 menon the east coast of NorthAmerica,whichhe namesVirginia
afterElizabethI,‘the VirginQueen’.
1587
ExecutesMary, Queenof Scots
Elizabeth'sCatholiccousinMary,Queenof Scotsisunderhouse arrestinChartleyHall,Staffordasshe
posesa threatto Elizabeth.
Elizabethbuildsupanextensivenetworkof spiesheadedbyFrancisWalsinghamtohelpprotecther.He
implicatesMaryina plotto depose Elizabethandshe istriedandconvictedof treason.Elizabethis
reluctantto execute hercousin.She doesn’twanttoseta precedentbyexecutingananointedmonarch.
Aftermonthsof prevaricating,she finallyhasMarybeheadedatFotheringhayCastle.
1588
The defeatof the Spanish Armada
Afterthe deathof Mary, Queenof Scotsthe Pope urgesPhilipof Spaintoinvade England.
Englandand Spainhave longbeenbitterrivalsandPhiliplaunchesagreatfleetof ships,knownasthe
SpanishArmada.Elizabethisadamantshe will retainhercrownandthatEnglandwill remainfree from
the influence of Rome.She addressesthe troopsencampedatTilburysayingshe will fightbytheirside.
The Armada isengagedby the Royal Fleetinthe channel andthendriventothe North Seaby strong
winds.Onlyhalf of the 130 shipsmake itback to Spain.
1603
Elizabethdiesa belovedqueen
ElizabethIdiesaged69. Knownforeveras'the VirginQueen',she remainsunmarriedandchildlessuntil
the end.
In herfinal yearsElizabeth'sreignisbesetbyproblemsinIrelandandherfailinghealth.However,the
mourningwhichfollowsherdeathisunprecedented.ManyordinaryLondonerstake tothe streetsto
watch Elizabeth'sjourneytoherfinal restingplace inWestminsterAbbey.AsElizabethleavesnodirect
Tudor heir,JamesVIof Scotland – the son of Mary, Queenof Scots – isnamedking.The Tudor dynasty
that has ruledEnglandfor118 years comesto an end.

Edward Seymour
-1st
Duke of Somerset(1500-1552).
-Eldestbrotherof Jane Seymour,wifeof KingHenryVIII,motherof KingEdwardVI.
-ServedasLord Protectorfromdeathof KingHenryVIIItohis ownindictment.(1547-1549).
-Upondeathof HenryVIII,Henryappointed16executerstoact as Edward’scouncil until he reached18.
-13/16 executers(otherabsent) agreedonEdward’sSeymour’sappointmentasProtector.
-1547, Edward SeymoursecuredletterspatentfromKingEdward,grantinghimmost monarchial rightto
appointPrivyCouncil membersandconsultthemonlywhenhe wished.
-He proceededtorule largelybyproclamation,callingPrivyCouncil torubberstamp(approve) his
decisions.
-EdwardSeymouronlymetoppositionfromChancellor,ThomasWriothesley,whomEarldomof
Southamptonhadevidentlyfailedtobuyoff (bride).
-Finallydismissedfromchancellorshiponchargesof sellingoff some of hisofficestodelegates.

Movies made basedon Tudor Dynasty
Elizabeth:the GoldenAge (2007 film)
"The GoldenAge"findsQueenElizabethIfacingbloodlustforherthrone andfamilial betrayal.Growing
keenlyaware of the changingreligiousandpolitical tidesof late 16thcenturyEurope,Elizabethfindsher
rule openlychallengedbythe SpanishKingPhilipII--withhispowerful armyandsea-dominatingarmada-
-determinedtorestore EnglandtoCatholicism.Preparingtogoto war to defendherempire,Elizabeth
strugglestobalance ancientroyal dutieswithanunexpectedvulnerabilityinherlove forSirWalter
Raleigh.Buthe remainsforbiddenforaqueenwhohassworn bodyandsoul to her country.Unable and
unwillingtopursue herlove,Elizabethencouragesherfavoritelady-in-waiting,Bess,tobefriendRaleigh
to keephimnear.But,thisstrategyforcesElizabethtoobserve theirgrowingintimacy.Asshe chartsher
course abroad,her trustedadvisor,SirFrancisWalsingham, continueshismasterful puppetryof
Elizabeth'scourtat home--andhercampaigntosolidify absolute power.Throughanintricate spy
network,Walsinghamuncoversanassassinationplotthatcouldtopple the throne.Butashe unmasks
traitorsthat may include Elizabeth'sownCousinMaryStuart,he unknowinglysetsEnglandupfor
destruction.

Inspiration
That's despite the returnof the remarkable Cate Blanchettinthe title role.Whoelsewouldbe sotall,
regal,assuredandconvincingthatthese surroundingswouldnotdiminishher?We believe she isa
queen..But the film'sscreenplay,byMichael HirstandWilliamNicholson,placesherinthe centerof
historythatis baldlysimplified,shamelesslyaltered,andpumpedupwithromance andaction.
We see herkingdomthreatenedbytwoCatholics,Mary,Queenof Scotswhostoodnextinline tothe
throne,andPhilipIIof Spain,whowasbuildingagreatarmada to invade England.Elizabeth'streasuryis
depleted,herresourcesstrained,herattentiondivertedbythe arrival inhercourtof the dashingSir
WalterRaleigh.He hasjust returnedfromthe New Landwithtwogifts:the territoryof Virginia,which
he has namedafterher inhonorof hervirginity,andtobacco,whichshe smokeswithgreatdelight.
Elizabethwasindeedbyall accountsavirgin,butin1585, whenthe storyis set,she wouldhave been
over50 and her virginitymore orlesssettled.The filmsidestepsthe age issue bymakingherlookyoung,
sensuousandfragrant,and yearningfora mansuch as Raleigh.
ThisSir Walter,he isa paragon.He wouldhave been32 in1585. Despite hisshabbyattire andrough-
hewnmanners,he usesbrashconfidence torise inElizabeth'sesteemandbecomeshertrustedadviser
and a mastermindof the Britishmilitarystrategy.The filmdealswiththe famous1588 defeatof the
ArmadawithRaleighatits center,commandingshipstobe setafire andaimedtoram the Spanish
vessels.He swingsfromropes,brandisheshissword,saveshimself byplungingintothe sea,andin
general proveshimself amasterswashbuckler,especiallysince historyteachesusthatthe real Raleigh
was ashore the whole time andplayednorole inthe battles.
Some of the film'sbestscenesinvolveMary,playedbySamanthaMorton as a heroicanddevoutwoman
whogoesto the executioner'sax withdismaybutroyal composure.Elizabeth's owncrisisof conscience
overMary's deathisalsowell played,butthe filmisfarmore interestedinromanticintrigue andsea
battles.Ithinkitundervaluesthe abilityof audiencestogetinvolvedintrue historical drama,insteadof
recycledactionclichés.
The costumesand settingsare nearlyoverwhelming.Reviewingthe earlierfilm, IsuggestedthatShekhar
Kapur wasperhapsinfluencedbythe richcolorsandtapestriesof hisnative India.Here he seemscarried
away bythem.There are sceneswhere the elaborate lace onElizabeth'scostume issodetailedand
flawlessthatwe don'tthinkaboutthe character,we wonderhow longBlanchettmusthave hadto stand
there while holdingthe pose andnotrufflinganything

The Tudors (2007-2010 TVseries)
Thiscostume drama featuresEngland'ssplendidRenaissance dynastyunderKingHenryVIII.Beginningin
Season1 whenHenryVIIIwasgrowingdesperate foranheirand growingdistantfromhisfirstwife,the
seriesmovesquicklytothe periodwhenAnne Boleynbecamehisobsession.Duringthistime Cardinal
Wolseyrose tobecome the powerbehindhisthrone,rulingruthlesslyandnearlyabsolutelywhile Henry
(playedbyJohnathonRhysMeyers) forthe mostpart followedthe Cardinal'sadvice,maneuvering
througha seriesof betrayalsandplotsagainsthim.WhenAnne Boleynplaysmuchhardertogetthan
any womaneverhas,Henrybeginstosearchfor a way out of hismarriage to Catherine of Aragon,so
that he can make Anne hiswife.Needingadivorce,HenryturnstoWolsey,whopromisestohelphim
create wavesof backlashfromthe church,as well asthe SpanishHabsburgdynastyanditsoverseas
empire.Againstthisbackgroundgyrate the private livesandpolitical intriguesof severalmembersof the
royal court and chancery.ThisincludesHenry'sfriendandhissisterMargaret'strue love Charles
Brandon,the Habsburg ambassadors,greedyandpower-hungryschemers,theirincidentalvictimsand
composerThomasTallies

Inspiration
Weight
Henryneverbecame fat.Paintingsdepictinghiminthiswaypresumablyusedbulkasapropaganda
symbol of greatness.The kingalsostill looked30wheninhis50s
Accent
Nor didhe speakinthe fruityroar actors such as CharlesLaughtonand KeithMichell have dupedusinto
imagining.Instead,JonathanRhysMeyers'sdefinitive performance showshe hadanoddlyjerkyvocal
style,like aRada-trainedrobotorBasil BrushchannelingLaurence Olivier.The future monarchsEdward
and Elizabethalsohad,itseems,faintbutdiscernibleIrishaccents,callingintodoubtboththeir
parentage andthe legitimacyof the Tudordynasty.
Appearance
Our sense of howpeople lookedinthe 16thcenturywill have tobe radicallyrevisedasa resultof the
series'research.Courtiers'skinwasflawlesslysmooth,teethmetHollywoodstandardsof whitenessand
evenness.The era'shairstyleslentmenthe lookof boybandmembers
Speech
The way in whichpeople atHenry'scourt spoke,particularlyininformalcontexts,wasfarmore
"modern"thanwe've previouslybeenledtobelieve.Andmanyphraseswe thoughtwere coinedinthe
past 20 yearswere infact firstsaidalmostfive centuriesago.Catherine of Aragonwastoldshe was"the
queenof hearts".Anne Boleyncomplained"youcan'thave three people inamarriage".Catherine
Howard wasprone to say "ohmy God!"

Lady Jane (1986 film)
The deathof KingHenryVIIIof Englandthrowshiskingdomintochaosas his heir,EdwardVI,isunder-
age andin poorhealth.Anticipatingthe youngking'simminentdeathfromconsumptionandanxiousto
keepEnglandtrue to the Reformationbykeepingthe CatholicMary from the throne,JohnDudley,Lord
Presidentof the Council andsecondonlytothe kinginpower,hatchesa planto marry hisson,Lord
Guildford,toLadyJane Grey, andhave the royal physiciankeepthe youngkingEdwardVIalive,albeitin
excruciatingpain, atleastlongenoughtogethimto name Jane hisheir.
Jane isnot happywiththe proposedmarriage,andmustbe forcedintoit throughcorporal punishment
by herparents.AtfirstJane and Guildforddecide totreattheirunionpurelyasamarriage of
convenience,butthentheyfall deeplyinlove.
AfterEdwardVIdies,Jane isplacedonthe throne.She istroubledbythe questionablelegalityof her
accession,butafterconsultingwithGuildford,turnsthe tablesonJohnDudleyandthe otherswho
thoughtto use heras a puppet.
Afteronlynine days,however,QueenJane isabandonedbyhercouncil preciselybecause of her
reformistdesignsforthe country.The council thensupportsMary,whoat firstimprisonsJane and
Guildford.
Consumedwithguilt,Jane'sfather,the Duke of Suffolk,raisesarebelliontorestore hertothe throne,
presumablyinconcertwithThomasWyatt'srebellion.Whenthe rebellionfails,QueenMaryI offersto
spare Jane'slife if she renouncesherProtestantfaith.Whenshe refuses, Jane,herfatherandGuildford
are all executed.

Inspiration
1. Political Intriguesof the TudorCourt
Thisfilmoffersupa lookat the intrigueswithinthe courtinthe periodbetweenHenry'sdeathand
Elizabeth'saccession,asCatholicPrincessMary strivestogainthe throne afterthe deathof her
ProtestantbrotherKingEdwardVI.The religiousdivisionscausedbyHenryVIII'sembrace of the
Reformationare well documentedandbelievablyportrayed.
2. History
Thismovie opensbytellingthe audience whathascome before,andthe endingismade evenmore
poignantbyknowingwhatwill come after.Bywatchingthismovie,itgave usa clearideaof what had
happenedinthatparticularperiod.

The Tudors by G. J. Meyer
Synopsis
For the firsttime indecades,here,inasingle volume,isafreshlookat the fabledTudordynasty,
comprisingsome of the mostenigmaticfiguresevertorule acountry. AcclaimedhistorianG.J.Meyer
revealsthe flesh-and-bone realityinall itswildexcess.
In 1485, youngHenry Tudor,whose claimtothe throne wasso weakas to be almostlaughable,crossed
the EnglishChannel fromFrance at the headof a ragtag little armyandtookthe crownfrom the family
that had ruledEnglandforalmostfourhundredyears.Half a centurylaterhisson,HenryVIII,desperate
to ridhimself of hisfirstwife inordertomarry a second,launchedareignof terror aimedattaking
powersnopreviousmonarchhadevendreamedof possessing.Inthe processhe plungedhiskingdom
intogenerationsof divisionanddisorder,creatingalegacyof bloodandbetrayal thatwouldblightthe
livesof hischildrenandthe destinyof hiscountry.
The boy kingEdwardVI,a ferventbelieverinreformingthe Englishchurch,diedbefore bringingto
fruitionhisdreamof a secondEnglishReformation.MaryI,the disgraceddaughterof Catherine of
Aragon,triedandfailedtoestablishthe CatholicChurchandproduce an heir.Andfinallycame Elizabeth
I, whodevoted herlife tocreatinganimage of herself asGlorianathe VirginQueenbut,behindthat
mask,sacrificedall chance of personal happinessinordertosurvive.
The Tudors weavestogetherall the sinnersandsaints,the tragediesandtriumphs,the highdreamsand
dark crimes,thatreveal the Tudorera to be,inits enthralling,notorioustruth,asmomentousandas
fascinatingasthe fictionsaudienceshave come tolove.
Analysisand conclusion
Throughthisbook,we managedto understandthe worldof the Tudorsand how the empire was
formed.We alsogot to traceddownthe entire familyof the TudorsfromHenryVIItoElizabethIand
learntthe Tudor timeline from1457 January28 to 1603 March 24 duringthe Deathof ElizabethI.
Moreover,byreadingandunderstandingthe book,we managedtolearntandapplythe style of
language andgrammar usedduringthe Tudor period.We were able todiscoverfurtherdetailsonour
character or character involvedinthe Tudorperiodforourindividualpamphlet.

Summary
In our opinion,the Tudordynastywas a difficultdynastyto live in.Thisis because atthat pointof time,
rulesor lawswere notcreated,therefore the kingsandqueenswere the onesthathave complete
control overthe entire country.Thismeansthat they can change the rulesanytime andthiscauseda lot
of problemsamongthe peopleof England.
Besidesthat,we foundoutthat the kings of Englandtend to marry many times due to theirlustfor
women.Thiscan be provenbyKingHenryVIIImarrying6 womenduringhisreignasking.He marriedso
manytimesnotjust forhisown satisfaction,butalsotoensure thatan heircouldbe producedto rule
Englandinthe future.Thisprovesthatthe kingsof Englandreallywanttoensure that theirroyal blood
can continue tobe passedoninsteadof gettingextinct.
On the otherhand,we also foundoutthat many of the kings’off springtend to die or be miscarriage
duringthe Tudor Dynasty.Ourtheoryis thatthe doctorsand medicine duringthatpointof time were
not goodenoughandthiscausedmany of the babiestodie easily.One of the kingsthatfacedthis
problemalot of timesisKingHenryVIII,whohad Catherine ashisfirstwife.Theybothhad9
pregnanciesintotal,butonly1 survived,whichwasMary.
Furthermore,we alsorealisedthat the kingsand queensofEngland are dedicated woulddoanything
theycan to helptheircountry.Theywere dedicatedinmakingalotof agreements,peace treatieswith
othercountriestoensure the peace of Englandisrestored.
Otherthan that,we also foundout that religionplayeda big part is the reformationof England. Inthe
social strata of England,we can see that the churcheswere at the same level asthe gentlemen,the
noble people aspeople worshippedtheirreligiona lotduringthe Tudortimes.
Tudor fashionwise,we realisedthatthe Tudor people preferredtowrap themselvesincloth,which
meansthat theybarelyshowanyskinwhile wearingtheirclothes.
For execution,the people of Tudor treat deaths as entertainment.People tendtoline upinfrontof a
beheadingsessiontowitnessitsoccurrence asitamusesthema lot.In our opinion,thisactisactually
prettydisgustingasthe deathof a personshouldn’tbe treatedasso.
The people of Tudorbelievedinmany superstitionsandtaboos. As theyare veryreligiousduringthat
pointof time,these tabooswere nottakenlightlyandwere treatedseriouslyandnottobe messed
around,especiallywitchcraft.Inouropinion,these type of taboosshouldn’tbe believed100% as they
are usuallynottrue andjust made upstoriesto scare off people.
For our video,we took inspirationfrom variousfilms in the aid tomake ouracting seemmore legitand
that the sceneslookmore realistic.We also useda greenscreento helpcreatingthatmovie makingfeel
to our video.Aswe are justamateurs,our videomightnotbe of the bestqualitybutwe had a lot of fun
makingitand as a teamwe reallygotto know eachotherbetterafterthisassignment.

The Script

SCENE1
Act 1
Narration: The tudor dynasty starts… with the birth of a baby boy, Henry he seventh,a boy with a
great future ahead ofhim. He is the son of King Edmund Tudor and QueenMargaret.
Narration: Henry was born in the Pembroke Castle ofWales,where all of hisother siblingswere born
as well.
King Edmund and QueenMargaret had 2 childrenaltogether,their eldestsonbeingEdward while the
secondson is the star of the show, Henry.
Henry and Edward were great brothers, theyloved eachother a lot and constantly go to the castle
grounds to play
Act 2
Narration: As years past, the boys grew olderas didtheir father,King Edmund. WhenKing Edmund
passedaway, Edward was supposedto be the rightful heir to the throne.
But theiruncle,Richard 3, thought otherwise…
Richard:(face turningbackwards) The boysare bothtoo youngto be kings.I,Richard will take overthe
throne frommy sarcastically) poor...poordeadbrotherEdmund.The kingdomismine!
Richard: (turnsto guards) GUAARDS!Lock themboth inthe towerof London,andmake sure that their
facesare neverseenagain.
Guards: Yesmy lord.
*Drags the 2 boys into the dungeon.
Narration: As years gone by, words have spreadthat the boys have beenassassinatedby theiruncle.
This leadto many beingdepressed.
Narration: Even so, many still think that Henry was still alive and shouldbe the rightful king of
England.
At one pointof time,Henry managed to escape from the tower and wentall the way to Britanny,
France to bide his time and buildhisarmy to face off against hisuncle,Richard 3.
Henry:(standinginfrontof hisarmy) My fellow brothers,we are here todaytoclaimwhatisrightfully
ours,our belovedcountry.We have trainedlongandhard,dayand nightfor thisparticularmoment.Itis
time to seekrevenge,andslaughterthe beastthathasrobbedusmany years.Thiswinisfor my brother,
KingEdmund.Are youwithme,my brothers?
Others:YEA YEA YEAAAAAAA FOREDMUNDDDDD.
Act 3
Narration:Henry and his army travelledto Walesto face off against Richard inBosworth. Theyfought
bravely,with many dying for their belovedcountry.

Narration: Not long after, both Henry and Richard foundthemselveslockedinhand to hand combat
alone.
*swordsclanging
Henry:Uncle,Im here to take back whatis rightfullymine.Give itback,inthe name of my late father!
Richard;You punyboy… yourbody issmall,youare weak.Do youreallythinkyoucan kill me?
Henry:I mightbe small,butdon’tunderestimatethe powerof mymen.Theywill definitelykill you,and
it will be happeningrightnow!
Narration: Henry’s right hand man, Lord Stanley,took out hissword and beheadedRichardfrom
behind.
Stanleythen took the crown from Richard and placedit on Henry’shead. Welcome home, myking.
Long live,King Henry!(Raises sword).
In 1486, Henry married Elizabethof York. Whichhelpedendthe war of roses.
Henry:I love you,myqueen.
Elizabeth:AsIto you,my dear.
*staresinto eachother’seyes.
Narration: This remarkable eventhelpedinreunitingthe country and also rebuiltthe EnglandEmpire.
In 1509, Henry deceasedat Richmond Palace,foreverknown as a great king of England.

Scene 2
Act 1
Before Henry the seventhdied,he and Margaret both had 6 childrenaltogether….But sadlyonly 3
survived.
They were Arthur, Margaret and Henry the Eighth.
Prince Arthur was supposedto be the nextheirto the throne, but he diedat an unfortunate age of 15.
Arthur:(lyingonthe deathbed) Henry,take care of our kingdom, forthe sake of everyone inEngland.
Henry: (crying) Don’tworrymy brother,youhave my word.
In the end,Henrytookto the throne and marriedhisdeadbrother’swife,Catherine.
*holdinghandsinthe sunset.
Act 2
Henry and Catherine were married togetherfor a total of 24 years. They had 9 pregnanciesintotal,
but only one survived,which is the infamousMary.
*Baby Mary’s photo.
Feelingsadand depressed,Henrydecidedto go around the kingdom lookingfor mistresses.
Henry:Oh howlonelyandsadI am. All Iwant is a babyboy,to be the nextheir.Maybe Ishouldgo look
for mistressestohelpme bearaboy.
One ofHenry’s mistresses,Mary Boleyn,came up with a great idea for her king.
Mary: Your Highness,Isuggestthatmydear sister,Anne Boleyn,canhelpwithyoursadproblem.
Hearing that. Henry became veryexcitedand immediatelyorganizeda weddingfor them,she became
pregnant right after.
*church bellsringing.
Henry:Congratulationsmydear.The childwill definitelybe aboy,Iwill name himHenryafterme or
maybe Edward.
Anne:Definitelymydear.
Act 3
Sadly, the child turnedout to be a girl and they had to name her Elizabethinstead.
Feelingdisappointed,Henrywasenraged and accused Anne for having an affair with 3 other men.
Henry:Off withtheirheads!These scumdonot deserve tobe alive!
*Anne and 3 menon the floorsobbing.
While Anne wasbeingbeheaded,HenrywasalreadyplanninganotherweddingwithJane Seymour.
*more churchbellsringing.
She successfullygave birthto a baby boy,and Henry was simplydelighted.
Henry:We shall name the gemof ours… Edward.
Sadly, 12 days later, she passed.
*kneelsdownbesideherdeadbody.
Henry:My love,youare my one true wife.Withoutyou,amale heirwouldneverbe apossibility.Restin
peace,mydear.
Act 4
Years have passed, Henry had 3 otherwives.The first one,Anne ofCleeves,wasfound ina beauty
ccontest.
Anne:(seducing)Pickme,myking.
They divorced6 months later.
The secondone,Katheryn Howard was only 18 when she married an old King Henry. As she was young
and beautiful,she had affairs with many other men.
*affairpics
Her punishment,execution.

Henry:Off withherbloodyhead.
*cuts
His last wife,Catherine Parr, was the daughter of Maud Green,a lady in waitingto QueenCatherine.
In 1547, Henry diedat the age of 55.

Scene 3
Act 1
Narration: After the late king’s death,Edward ascendsthe throne as a young boy,at the age ofnine.
(Edwardwalksslowlytohisfather’sthrone)
Edward VI:In the name of our late king,IEdward VI thy new king,shall bringpeace andjustice toour
belovedKingdom.
Commoner:Long live the king,longlive kingEdward. X3
Act 2
Narration: However, Edward’s reignover England was limitedas his uncle,Edward Seymour,Earl of
Heartford was investedas the Protecterof England and took overEngland through Edward VI.
(Inthe throne room)
Edward VI:May I have a say on the upcomingwar?
Edward Seymour:Never,suchwithyourage,thoushall not have thisdecision,the artsof war isnot a
tool of amusement.Itrequirescareful considerationthroughtime andknowledge.
(inhismind):AsyourProtector,I EdwardSeymour,will leadEnglandtoitsgoldenage.
Act 3
Narration: Through time,Edward Seymour was deemedguiltyof hismotivesand was deposedas
Protector of England. He was then replacedby John Dudley,Duke of Northumberland.
John Dudley:I shall be yournewProtector,Duke of Northumberland.
Edward VI: Lord Protector,Englandshall have itsgoldenage withus,the mightyrulersof England.
John Dudley:Indeed,yourhighness.
Narration: However,John Dudleyhas hisown motives,in attempt to secure the protestant
succession,he persuadedEdward to nominate his daughter-in-law,LadyJane Greyas hisHeir.
John Dudley:Your Highness,Have the lord everconsideredanheir,asuccessormaybe?
Edward VI:No, whyso?
John Dudley:In anycase of yourdemise,whoshall be the new ruler?
Edward VI:My sisterMary, of course.Isn’tshe the legitimate successortothe throne?
John Dudley:(anxiously) YourHighness,beware of thysister’snon-protestantreign,Whatshall became
of Englandif she isthe ruler?
Edward VI:Well said,forthe sake of England,I shall acceptLady Jane Grey as the nextsuccessortothe
throne.
Narration: sadly, his demise wasas predicted,dyingat the age of 15 with tuberculosis.
Edward VI:(coughbloodsand died)

Scene 4
Act 1
Narration: The reignof the Kings endedand the next heirto the throne is now givento Lady Jane
Grey,daughter-in-lawofJohn Dudley.
Northumberland:Jane Grey isnowour new queen,we will swearourallegiancetohermajesty.
(Everyone bowedandcurtsiedtoher).
Jane Grey:(sobbingbeforewalkingtoherthrone) The crownisnot my right,and pleasethme not.The
ladyMary isthe rightful heir.
Act 2
Narration:For a fewdays Jane Greywas in griefknowing that the throne was not rightfullyhers to
take. Mary howeverwas marching toward Londonwith an army of her own. While he was gone the
nervousroyal council decidedto proclaim Mary the rightful Queen.Determinedtosave himself,
Jane'sfather signedthe proclamation making Mary Queen.( fewslidesofpicturesand scenes)
Mary: Guards seize themandsendthemto the tower!!
Jane: (quietlywhile beinghelddown)Outof obedience to youandmymotherI have grievouslysinned.
NowI willinglyrelinquishthe crown.MayI not go home?
Act 3
Narration: Mary caught lady jane grey during herreign in Londonand lock her ina tower. Lady Jane
grey was then executedafterher nine days of rulingEngland.
(Jane greytiedandwas standingbefore the executioner)
( there are a fewwitnessedaround)
Jane Grey:Andnow,goodpeople,while Iamalive,Ipray youto assistme withyour prayers.
(finishedherlastprayers)
(she thenkneltdownandloweredherheadandstretchedforthherbody)
Lord intothy handsI commendmyspirit.
(the executionerswungheraxe)
Executioner:So perishall the Queen'senemies.Behold,the headof atraitor.

Scene 5
Act 1
Narration: Mary the first,daughter of the late King Henry 8 and his wife,Catherine,was officially
crowned as queenand married Prince Philipthe secondof Spain afterexecutingJane Grey
Staringintoeach other’seyes…
Philip: Will youmarryme my love?
Mary: OF course mydarling.
Narration: In the beginning,the people ofEngland didn’tagree to Elizabethmarrying someone that
isn’t from England,but she proceededanyways.This led to themwanting to overthrowMary.
The people:(screaming) She doesn’tdeserve tobe queen,she doesn’tdeserve tobe queen!
Act 2
Narration: As time goeson, Mary suspectedthat Elizabethwas involvedwiththe people inthe plot to
overthrow her,which lead to Mary imprisoningMary intothe dungeon.
In the dungeon
Mary: I expectedmore fromyousister,youhave disappointedme.
Elizabeth:( Inthe dungeonsquatting) Sobs.
Narration: As Mary continuedto be be queenof England, she was worried that Elizabethwill one day
take over as queenas she is herhalf-sisterand have the rights to the throne as much as she does.It
was then that she had a suddenplan…
Mary: walkingtoandfro to and fro
Mary: I have decidedtohave achildas my heirso thatmy rachet sisterwill have nochance tobe queen.
( loudvoice) YES THIS IS A GREAT PLAN.I KNOWTHAT MY DEAR PHILIPWILL SUPPORTME WHOLE
HEARTEDLY.
Act 3
Narration: A fewmonths past, and Mary thought that she was expectinga baby, but it never
happened.It was believedthatshe had a phantom pregnancy.
Mary cryingon the bed.Bohoo
Narration: In 1557, Prince PhilipleftMary to become the King of Spain,making Mary evenmore
depressed.
Mary: I gave himeverything,andhe leftme justlike that.Whathave I done wrong?What isit? Why is
life treatingme sobadly!?
Narration: Even so, Philipreturnedto Mary a year later and beggedforher forgiveness.
Philip:(kneelingdownholdingMaryhand) My love,Iknow thatwhat I didwas wrong.It wasa sudden
act of greedinessthattookoverme.Please forgiveme,youare the onlyone I love.
Mary: Ill give youone more chance.But if youdouble crossme everagain…pauses*it will be the lastof
youexistence (holdingaswordto histhroat).
Act 4
Narration: As Elizabethand Philipwere togetheragain, she believedshe hadanother pregnancy again,
but once again it was all just an illusion.
Sad Mary

Narration: Philipalso triedto convince her to fight against France as the allyof Spain. She agreedto
helphelphim and they won the battle easily.
Everyone:HURRAHHURRAH!!!
Narration: Mary grew oldereach day, and the fact that she couldnevergive birth to her heirhas
finallytaken its toll on Mary. WhenMary got cancer, she became helplessanddecidedto lether half-
sisterbe the nextQueen.
Mary: ( on her deathbed) Sister,mytime iscomingtoan end,I am sorryfor everythingthatIhave done
to you.Please treatEnglandwell,theydeserve agreatleadertoleadthem.
Elizabeth:Iwontdisappointyoumydearsister.
Narration: In 1558; Mary passed away peacefully.

Scene 6
Act 1
Narration: After Mary the first passedaway, Elizabethofficiallybecame the nextheir to the throne
after the deathof her step-sister.
*Elizabethsittingonthe throne.
Elizabeth:Mypeople,Iamyour newqueennow.AndIpromise youthat I will doeverythingittakesto
make Englandpowerful once again!
Narration: Elizabethhad a really good adviserthat she trusted whole-heartedly.Hisname was William
Gail.He helpedherwith various issues,the most profound one was regarding the political issuesof
England.
William:(holdingafewpiecesof paper) myqueen,Ithinkitisbestif…(Slowlyfades)
*Elizabethnoddinginagreement.
Act 2
Narration: QueenElizabethwas a wise and brilliantqueen.She helpedsolve one ofthe most serious
issuesthat was occurring at that point of time,which was the conflictbetweenreligions.She came
out with newrules to helpunite the Protestants and the Catholicsto preventanother war.
Elizabeth:Inowdeclare thatBoth ProtestantsandCatholicswill have equal rights!Noone isindifferent.
We are all the same,solet’streateach otherthe same.* raises arm
Act 3
QueenElizabethalso succeededinendingthe Spanish Armada, where she gave her people a speech
to helpstrengthentheir confidence in themselveswhenthe SpanishinvadedEngland.
Elizabeth:Mylovingpeople,we have beenpersuadedbysome tobe afraidof otherswithgreatpowers
and firearms.Butas queen,Iassure youthat I donot desire tolive ina countryfilledwithdistrust.I
knowI have the bodyof a weakand feeble woman,butIhave the heartand stomach of a king.I believe
that we can endthiswar, and make sure that no othercountrywoulddare invade the bordersof my
realmanymore!
People:HURRAHHURRAH HURRAH !!!
Act 4
Narration: After the SpanishArmada, it was expectedfromQueenElizabethto continue the Tudor
line,but she failedto do so, despite many courtshipswith other men.
Elizabeth:(sittingonthe bed) sigh…
Narration:As Elizabethgrew older,she became famousfor hervirginity ad purity.
Elizabeth:Imightbe a virgin,butI have decidedthatIam marriedtoEngland.In the end,thisshall be
sufficientforme,thata marble stone shall declare thata queen,havingtoreignEnglandforsucha long
time,livedanddiedavirgin.

Story Board

Crucial Scene
Henry managed to escape from the
tower and went all the way to
Britany, France to bide his time and
build his army to face off against
his uncle, Richard III
Jane Seymour successfullygave
birth to a baby boy, and Henry was
simplydelighted.
After the late king’s death, Edward
ascends the throne as a young boy,
at the age of nine

Edward Seymour, Earl of Hertford
was invested as the Protector of
England and took over England
through Edward VI
Lady Jane grey was then executed
after her nine days of ruling England
A few months past, and Mary
thought that she was expecting a
baby, but it never happened. It was
believed that she had a phantom
pregnancy

Queen Elizabeth also succeeded in
ending the Spanish Armada, where
she gave her people a speech to
help strengthen their confidence in
themselves when the Spanish
invaded England

Costume Comparison
Henry VII
Henry VIII

Edward VI
Edward Seymour

Mary I
Lady Jane Grey

Elizabeth I
The Crew

The Tudor Dynasty

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