applied behavior analysis.. behavior modification technique name TIME OUT

1. Timeout
presented by :
smriti

2. Time out
• In its purest form, the term “time out” means that a child is being
removed or isolated from anyone or anything that might provide
reinforcement, reward or the perception of attention.
• Timeout is a behavior therapy technique for the control of problem
behavior.
• The technique involves removing source of reward and/or
reinforcement for any behavior that is unwanted.

3. History
• concept of time-out was invented, named, and used by Arthur staats
• Also introduced various elements that later composed foundations
for Applied Behavior Analysis
• Staats described the discipline of his 2-year-old daughter in 1962:
• "I would put her in her crib and indicate that she had to stay there
until she stopped crying. If we were in a public place [where her
behavior was inappropriate], I would pick her up and go outside."This
has the effect of weakening the preceding behavior so that it occurs
less frequently in the future.

4. Types
Non-ExclusionaryTime-out:-
The student remains in the classroom but is temporarily prevented
from taking part in reinforcing activities through withdrawal of
materials or attention.
1 – 5 minutes is long enough to be effective.

5. Exclusion :-
The student is removed to another part of the room and cannot watch
or take part in activities
5 minutes approximately or as per year.

6. Isolation/Seclusion :-
The student is removed entirely from the classroom to a buddy room or
a separate time-out room.
An adult should always supervise.
No longer than 15 minutes.
Non rewarding activities Plans for exiting and returning to class.

7. Time-Out
• Do’s:
• `Give a warning before timeout is used
• `Give a clear request
• `Use a normal tone of voice and be respectful
• `Explain your reasoning
• `Have a specific place for time-out
• `Usually 1 minute per 1 year of age
• `Use a timer
• `Have a more secluded backup area in case of refusal

8. Time out
• Don’ts:
• Don’t over-use the technique
• Don’t use an excessive amount of time
• Don’t forget to let the child redeem himself/herself (restitution)
• Don’t add extra consequences on top of time-out

9. How to make the process effective?
• Time-out can be a very effective behavior modification tool when it’s used
appropriately…
Explain the time out process to the child
UseTime Out Sparingly
FollowThrough withTime-Out
Have a Back Up Plan
FinalThoughts
for example:- “If you don’t go to time out now, you’ll lose your electronics for the next 24 hours.”

10. What does effective time out look like?
• The most effective way to use time out is utilize this technique to target a specific
behavior or behaviors.
• For example,: A child is disrupting your class to the point that no one is learning,
speaking loudly, swearing or threatening other children.
• Once we have defined the behavior or behaviors that will result in a time out,
• we need to define where time out will take place, for how long and any
constrictions that will result.
• The child should be informed that when he or she engages in the target behavior.
• he or she will be placed in time out in a small room, or a corner of a classroom, the
hall, etc.The location of time out is best accessed if it is close to the classroom.

11. • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=teJ1cO4769U

12. …Any questions???