HOW SPORES FORM IN LIVING ORGANISMS

1. Types of Asexual Reproduction

2. BinaryFission
A fully grown unicellular organism divides into two daughter ce
The daughter cells are genetically identical to the parent.
Steps in Binary Fission
Step 1: DNA is copied inside the parent organism.
Step 2: Organism grows in size and distance increases between two genetic
materials .
Step 3: The cell wall starts growing and the genetic materials drift further apart.
Step 4: Cell divides completely giving rise to two daughter cells.

3.  one-celled, reproductive unit capable of giving rise to a new
individual without sexual fusion, characteristic of lower plants,
fungi, and protozoans.
 sometimes dormant spores are formed due to unfavourable
condition.
 spores may form as a result of meiosis (in Plants), or mitosis
(some Fungi and algae)
Sporogenesis

4. Reproductive Spores
 produced by one parent only (through
mitosis).
 are genetically identical to that parent.
Parts involving
Sporogenesis:
 thallus is the plant body.
Sporangium: special reproductive sac.

5. Reproductive spores are generally the result of cell division,
most commonly meiosis.
Sporogenesis occurs via mitosis in some fungi and algae
Sporogenesis occurs in reproductive structures termed
sporangia.
The process involves sporogenous cells (sporocytes, also called
spore mother cells) undergoing cell division to give rise to
spores.
Some Algae and fungi produce mitospores through mitiotic cell
division within a sporangium

6. Dormant Spores
To survive unfavourable
condition
Metabolically Dormant
Offer resistance to:
• Freezing
•Heating
•Dessication
•Pressure
•Radiation
•Chemicals
Seen in some algae, fungi
and bacteria
Chlamydospores,
teliospores,
zygospores, and
myxospores are
types of dormant
spores.