This document discusses asexual reproduction in plants. It begins by defining asexual reproduction as reproduction that requires only a single parent and does not involve the fusion of gametes. It then discusses various types of asexual reproduction including binary fission, fragmentation, budding, vegetative propagation, and spore formation. The key advantages of asexual reproduction are that it only requires one parent and offspring are produced more quickly than sexual reproduction, allowing for rapid colonization. However, the main disadvantage is lack of genetic diversity, making the offspring and entire species more vulnerable to environmental changes.

1. Asexual Reproduction
Reproduction
Plants

2.  You will learn about the
difference between asexual
and sexual reproduction
 You will find out how flowers
are involved in sexual
reproduction
 You will Investigate seed
germination
Goals
At the end of
this lesson

3. Asexual
Reproduction
01
Example of Asexual
Reproduction
02
Advantages and
disadvantages asexual
reproduction
03
Quiz
04

4. Asexual
Reproduction
Asexual
Reproduction
Asexual reproduction is a
mode of reproduction in
which a new offspring is
produced by a single parent.
The new individuals
produced are genetically and
physically identical to each
other, i.e., they are the
clones of their parents.
Asexual reproduction is
observed in both multicellular
and unicellular organisms. This
process does not involve any
kind of gamete fusion and
there won’t be any change in
the number of chromosomes
either. It will inherit the same
genes as the parent, except for
some cases where there is a
chance of a rare mutation
occurring.

5. Characteristics of Asexual
Reproduction
Single parent
involved
No fertilization or
gamete formation
takes place
This process of
reproduction occurs
in a very short time.
The organisms
multiply and grow
rapidly
The offspring is
genetically similar

6. Types of Asexual Reproduction
Binary Fission
The term “fission” means “to divide”. During binary
fission, the parent cell divides into two cells. The
cell division patterns vary in different organisms,
i.e., some are directional while others are non-
directional. Amoeba and euglena exhibit binary
fission.
It is one of the simplest and uncomplicated methods of
asexual reproduction. The parent cell divides into
two, each daughter cell carrying a nucleus of its
own that is genetically identical to the parent. The
cytoplasm also divides leading to two equal-sized
daughter cells. The process repeats itself and the
daughter cells grow and further divide.

7. Types of Asexual Reproduction
Fragmentation
Fragmentation is another
mode of asexual reproduction
exhibited by organisms such
as spirogyra, planaria etc. The
parent body divides into
several fragments and each
fragment develops into a new
organism.

8. Types of Asexual Reproduction
Budding
Budding is the process of
producing an individual
through the buds that
develop on the parent body.
Hydra is an organism that
reproduces by budding. The
bud derives nutrition and
shelter from the parent
organism and detaches
once it is fully grown

9. Types of Asexual Reproduction
Budding
Budding is the process of
producing an individual
through the buds that
develop on the parent body.
Hydra is an organism that
reproduces by budding. The
bud derives nutrition and
shelter from the parent
organism and detaches
once it is fully grown

10. Vegetative Propagation
Stem Tuber
A stem tuber is the swollen
end of an underground
stem. It has many buds.
During favourable seasons,
the buds will use up the
food stored in the tuber to
grow into new plants.
There will be as many new
plants as there

11. Vegetative Propagation
Rhizome
A Rhizome is
underground
storage stem. It
bears scale leaves
and buds. Each bud
can grow into a new
plant.

12. Vegetative Propagation
Runner
A runner is a slander
shoot that arises
from a bud in the
parent plant. It
grows horizontally
over the surface of
the soil. Buds
develop along its
length. Each bud
develops roots and
leaves, and becomes
a new plant

13. Vegetative Propagation
Spore Formation
Spore formation is another
means of asexual
reproduction. During
unfavourable conditions, the
organism develops sac-like
structures called sporangium
that contain spores. When the
conditions are favourable, the
sporangium burst opens and
spores are released that
germinate to give rise to new
organisms.

14. Advantages of Asexual Reproduction
Only one parent is
required
This method of
producing offspring
is faster than sexual
reproduction
Since organism are
already in suitable
habitat, they can
colonise the area
rapidly
Fusion are gametes
is not required
All the beneficial
qualities are passed
on to the offspring

15. Disadvantages of Asexual Reproduction
Lack of diversity. Since the
offsprings are genetically identical
to the parent they are more
susceptible to the same diseases and
nutrient deficiencies as the parent.
All the negative mutations persist
for generations.
They are unable to
adapt to the
changing
environment.
A single change in
the environment
would eliminate the
entire species.
Since only one
organism is
involved, the
diversity among the
organisms is
limited.

16. Quizzzz!
1. --------Parent cell produce bud. It gets detached and develops into new
individual.
2. Organism’s body brakes up into one or several parts. Each part develops into a
new individual.
3. A Single parent cell devides into two daughter cells.
4. Organism with filamentous body, break into two or more fragments. Each
Fragment grow into new individual.
5. Reproduce by forming spores. Under favorable conditions spores develop into
new individuals.
6. Organism produces new individuals by a vegetative part of plants.
A
B
1. Write down the advantages and disadvantages of sexual reproduction!