The Greek word “Mykes” and Latin word “Fungus” mean mushroom. In a broad sense, mushrooms are fungi, but 6 all fungi are not necessarily considered as mushrooms. The mushroom is simply a fleshy, spore bearing organ of the fungi, and it belongs to either the class Ascomycetes or Basidiomycetes. The vegetative parts of the mushrooms mainly consist of thread like long thin mycelium which under suitable condition forms fruiting bodies or sporocarps. This sporocarp is called mushroom. They are very unlike green plants because they lack chlorophyll and therefore depend on the preformed food for their nutrition (Song, 2004). Mushrooms production in Bangladesh started in 1979 at Sobhanbag Horticulture Centre, Savar, Dhaka with the technical assistance of Japan and one spawn laboratory and training facility was established to promote mushroom production at that time. Initially paddy straw mushroom was successfully grown. This variety could not be established due to low yield and short shelf life and was shortly replaced by Oyster mushroom.

1. PRESENTED BY
SAMAR BISWAS
REG NO. 12-04789
DEPARTMENT OF HORTICULTURE
WELCOME
To seminar presentation
1

2. TITLE OF THE SEMINAR PAPER
Effect of different growth regulators on the
growth and yield of oyster mushroom
2

3.  What is mushroom?
 Oyster mushroom
 Present status of mushroom
 Growth regulators
INTRODUCTION
3

4. OBJECTIVES
 To overview the influence of different growth
regulators on the growth of oyster mushroom
 To overview the influence of different growth
regulators on the yield of oyster mushroom
 To determine the profitability in respect of the
application of growth regulators in the yield of
oyster mushroom.
4

5. MATERIAL AND METHODS
 BSMRAU
 BARI
 MUSHROOM CENTRE, SAVAR
 INTERNET
5

6. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
 Substrate preparation
Soaking
Heat Treatment
Pasteurization
Chemical sterilisation technique
 Spawning
 Cropping and harvest
Oyster Mushroom Cultivation
6

7. Source: Stamets, Paul, and Jeff Chilton. 1983
Figure.1. A flow chart of mushroom culture 7

8. Cultivation Media for Oyster mushroom
 Rice straw
 Wheat straw
 Sawdust
 Sawdust-rice bran
 Crushed bagasse and molasses wastes from sugar
industry
 Bean straw
 Cotton straw
8

9.  Auxins
 Cytokinins
 Gibberellins
 Abscisic Acid
 Polyamines
Growth regulators
9

10. PGR Class Product Name Product Number Function in Plant Tissue Culture
Auxins Indole-3-Acetic Acid
Indole-3-Butyric Acid
Indole-3-Butyric Acid, K-Salt
α-Naphthaleneacetic Acid
α-Naphthaleneacetic Acid, K-Salt
2,4-D (Solutions)
ρ-Chlorophenoxyacetic acid
Picloram
Dicamba
I885/I364
I538/I460
I530
N600/N605
N610
D295/D301
C213
P717
D159/D165
Adventitious root formation (high
concentration)
Adventitious shoot formation (low
concentration)
Induction of somatic embryos
Cell Division
Callus formation and growth
Inhibition of axillary buds
Inhibition of root elongation
Cytokinins 6-Benzylaminopurine
6-(γ,γ-Dimethylallylamino)purine (2iP)
2iP-2HCl
Kinetin
Thidiazuron (TDZ)
N-(2-Chloro-4-pyridyl)-N-phenylurea
Zeatin
Zeatin Riboside
B800/B130
D525/D217
D341
K750/K483
T888
C279
Z125/Z860
Z899/Z875
Adventitious shoot formation
Inhibition of root formation
Promotes cell division
Modulates callus initiation and growth
Stimulation of axillary bud breaking
and growth
Inhibition of shoot elongation
Inhibition of leaf senescence
Gibberellins Gibberellic Acid (GA3)
GA4/7
G500/G362
G358
Stimulates shoot elongation
Release seeds, embryos, and apical
buds from dormancy,
Inhibits adventitious root formation
Abscisic Acid Abscisic Acid A102 Stimulates bulb and tuber formation
Stimulates the maturation of embryos
Promotes the start of dormancy, leaf
abscission
Polyamines Putrescine
Spermidine
Aspergine
P733
S837
Promotes adventitious root formation
Promotes somatic embryogenesis
Promotes shoot formation
Source: PhytoTechnology Laboratories. 2011
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Table.1. Different growth regulators with there class product name and function in plant tissue

11. 11
Table .2. Effect of growth regulators on the growth of Pleurotus sajor-caju Fr in
Source- ASIAN J. EXP. BIOL. SCI. VOL 2(2) 2011

12. 12
Table .3. Effect of growth regulators on the production of Pleurotus sajor-caju Fr
Source- ASIAN J. EXP. BIOL. SCI. VOL 2(2) 2011

13. Treatment
(mg/l)
Total no. of fruiting
body per packet
No. of effective
fruiting body per
packet
% of effective
fruiting body per
packet
Size per effective
fruiting body(gm)
Yield per
packet(gm)
Control 25.14 F 18.67 DE 74.20 B 6.06 BC 106.66 F
GA3 5 26.53 EF 16.33 E 63.10 B 8.20 A 131.33 C
GA3 10 33.80 ABC 23.13 BC 72.18 B 7.41 AB 158.66 B
GA3 15 40.00 A 30.27 A 75.87 A 6.05 ABC 183.70 A
GA3 20 36.20 AB 25.93 B 72.44 B 4.83 CD 125.33 CD
NAA 5 31.80 BCDE 23.20 BC 73.11 B 6.07 BC 134.00 C
NAA 10 27.13 DEF 20.00 CDE 74.03 B 6.75 BC 130.66 C
NAA 15 26.80 EF 20.00 CDE 75.18 B 6.51 BC 122.00 CDE
NAA 20 33.26 BCD 25.13 B 75.80 A 4.56 D 112.00 DEF
Asn 5 24.86 F 19.33 CDE 75.38 B 6.19 BC 108.00 EF
Asn 10 26.20 EF 18.93 DE 73.78 B 6.46 BC 119.00 CDEF
Asn 15 30.99 BCDE 23.33 BC 75.41 B 5.65 CD 129.33 C
Asn 20 29.40 CDEF 22.07 BCD 75.17 B 6.00 BC 129.33 C
Table.4. Effect of growth regulators on growth and yield contributing characters of
oyster mushroom
Source: B. C. Day., 1996
13

14. Treatment
(mg/l)
STALK LENGTH(CM) STALK
DIAMETER(CM)
Pileus diameter(cm) Pileus thickness
Control 4.53 ABCD 0.78 ABC 5.81 ABC 0.56 BC
GA3 5 4.34 ABCD 0.85 AB 5.97 ABC 0.58 ABC
GA3 10 3.59 EF 0.80 ABC 6.10 AB 0.64 A
GA3 15 3.66 DEF 0.87 A 6.26 A 0.61 AB
GA3 20 4.25 ABCDE 0.80 ABC 6.03 AB 0.58 BC
NAA 5 3.97 BCDE 0.79 ABC 5.89 ABC 0.57 BC
NAA 10 4.63 AB 0.74 ABC 5.76 ABC 0.61 AB
NAA 15 4.69 A 0.74 ABC 5.53 ABC 0.57 BC
NAA 20 3.17 F 0.74 ABC 5.44 BC 0.53 C
Asn 5 3.80 CDEF 0.77 ABC 5.63 ABC 0.55 BC
Asn 10 3.90 CDE 0.81 ABC 6.12 AB 0.55 BC
Asn 15 3.95 BCDE 0.74 ABC 4.80 C 0.54 C
Asn 20 4.43 ABC 0.75 ABC 5.89 ABC 0.53 BC
Table.5. Effect of growth regulators on growth and yield contributing characters of
oyster mushroom
Source: B. C. Day., 1996
14

15. Table.6. Dry matter content of fresh fruiting body of oyster mushroom
Treatment
(mg/l)
Fresh weight of mushroom
fruiting body (gm)
Dry weight of mushroom
fruiting body (gm)
Dry matter percentage
Control 250 23.00 9.20%
GA3 5 250 19.29 7.68%
GA3 10 250 19.90 7.96%
GA3 15 250 15.70 6.28%
GA3 20 250 17.10 6.81%
NAA 5 250 15.10 6.04%
NAA 10 250 18.00 7.20%
NAA 15 250 15.80 6.32%
NAA 20 250 18.00 7.20%
Asn 5 250 18.50 7.40%
Asn 10 250 20.00 8.00%
Asn 15 250 27.29 10.90%
Asn 20 250 29.75 11.90%
Source: B. C. Day., 1996
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16. Table.7. Gibberelic acid, napthaline acitic acid and asparagine cost and total
yield of oyster mushroom in terms of money
Treatment Component of
treatment
Amount of
growth
regulator for
making 1000
packet(500 g) of
spawn
Unit cost of
growth
regulator(Tk)
Total cost of
growth
regulator for
prepared 1000
packet (500 g) of
spawn (Tk.)
Yield of
mushroom
(Kg/1000
packets)
Total yield in
terms of money
(Tk.)
Control 106000 10600
GA3 15 mg/l GA3 15 mg/l 50 mg 700 TK/1g 35 183700 18370
NAA 5 mg/l NAA 5 mg/l 50 mg 400 Tk/25g 0.8 134000 13400
Asn 20 mg/l Asn 20 mg/l 50 mg 1800 Tk/100g 0.9 129330 12933
Source: B. C. Day., 1996
16

17. Figure.2. Effect of growth regulators on the yield of effective fruiting body in Oyster
mushroom.
Source: B. C. Day., 1996
17

18. Table.8. Effect of growth regulators on colony diameter of oyster mushroom
Treatment
(mg/l)
Colony diameter(cm)
2 days 4 days 6 days 8 days
Control 1.08 C 2.74 F 3.72 F 4.35 F
GA3 5 1.30 BC 2.96 EF 4.34 DEF 5.09 DEF
GA3 10 1.94 A 4.69 AB 6.60 ABC 7.45 AB
GA3 15 1.96 A 4.84 A 6.84 A 8.01 A
GA3 20 1.58 ABC 3.16 DEF 3.99 EF 4.90 EF
NAA 5 1.90 A 3.26 DEF 5.08 DE 6.20 CDE
NAA 10 1.46 ABC 3.66 CDE 5.46 BCD 6.45 BC
NAA 15 1.70 AB 3.80 BCDE 4.70 DEF 6.55 BC
NAA 20 1.30 BC 3.64 CDEF 5.19 DE 6.40 BC
Asn 5 1.72 AB 3.76 BCDE 3.50 CDE 5.90 CDE
Asn 10 1.48 ABC 3.24 DEF 5.04 DE 5.35 CDEF
Asn 15 1.74 ABC 3.90 BCD 5.26 DE 6.15 CD
Source: B. C. Day., 1996
18

19. Figure.3. Effect of growth regulators on colony diameter of oyster mushroom
Source: B. C. Day., 1996
19

20. Figure.4. Effect of IAA on mycelial colony diameter at different DAI.
The vertical bars represent LSD at 1% level of probability.
Source: R. C. Dey et al. 2007.
20

21. Figure.5. Effect of NAA on mycelial colony diameter at different DAI.
The vertical bars represent LSD at 1% level of probability.
Source: R. C. Dey et al. 2007
21

22. Table.9. Combined effect of IAA and NAA on mycelial growth of oyster
mushroom
Source: R. C. Dey et al. 2007
22

23. CONCLUSION
The present result suggests that GA3, 5-15 mg/l was very effective to
obtain good yield. And control GA3 15 mg/l increased 72% yield
compared to control. While GA3 20 mg/l reduced the yield of
mushroom due to inhibitory effect. NAA 5-10 mg/l also
influenced to increase yield over control.
Asn increased the dry matter in mushroom up to 20 mg/l.GA3 15
mg/l recommended to use in PDA media during in vitro culture
for pure culture of mycelium to obtain good yield in oyster
mushroom.
The best mycelial colony diameter 0.800 cm was found at 5 mgL-1
IAA + 10 mgL-1 NAA, while the lowest 0.400 cm was found at 20
mgL-1 IAA + 5 mgL-1 NAA
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24. RECOMMENDATION
 All the growth regulators can be use enhanced the biomass production
of the fungus in liquid culture except MH.
 For significantly higher mycelia yield, GA is the best , maximum dry
weight being recorded at 50 ppm.
 For better mycelial growth IAA and NAA can be used as 5 mgL-1 and 10
mgL-1 respectively.
 For the best mycelia growth 5 mgL-1 IAA + 10 mgL-1 NAA can be used.
 GA3 (5, 10, 15, 20 mg/l), NAA (5, 10, 15, 20 mg/l), Asn (5, 10, 15, 20
mg/l) have significantly influenced on the number of effective fruiting
body, percentage of fruiting body, size per effective fruiting body and
yield per packet.
 GA3 15 mg/l is very useful for the highest number of fruiting body.
 GA3 15 mg/l significantly useful for higher yield.
 Asn 15 mg/l can be used for the highest dry matter production.
 GA3 is cost effective than other growth regulators.
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