This document summarizes cell locomotion. It discusses two main types of cell locomotion - ameboid movement and ciliary movement. Ameboid movement involves the formation of pseudopodia that allow cells like white blood cells and fibroblasts to move through tissues. Ciliary movement occurs via the beating of cilia and flagella and allows for movement in cells that contain these structures like sperm cells. The document provides details on the mechanisms, cells that exhibit each type of movement, and control of ameboid locomotion through chemotaxis.

2. LOCOMOTION OF CELLS
PRESENTED TO
Dr. Sania Munir
Presented By
Muhammad Saleem 104 (B)

3. OBJECTIVES
 Cell locomotion is important in physiological and pathological process.
 It includes cell migration during embryonic development.
 Movement of white blood cells in response to infection.
 This movement is also essential for survival, immune defense, and tissue repair.
 Locomotion helps us to move from one place to other.

4. CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
TYPES OF LOCOMOTION OF CELLS
AMEBOID MOVEMENT
CILIARY MOVEMENT
REFERENCE

5. INTRODUCTION
 IMPORTANT TYPE THAT OCCURS IN THE
BODY IS THAT OF MUSCLE CELLS.
 IN SKELETAL , CARDIAC AND SMOOTH
MUSCLES.
 WHICH CONSTITUTE 50 % OF THE BODY
MASS.

6. • AMEBOID MOVEMENT
CILIARY MOVEMENT
•TYPES OF LOCOMOTION OF CELLS

7.  AMEBOID MOVEMENT

9. MECHANISM OF AMEBOID MOVEMENT
Two effects are essential for the continual formation
of new cell membrane:
i. First effect is attachment of pseudopodium to
surrounding tissues, so it becomes fixed in its leading
portion.

10. ”
“
ii. The second effect is to provide the energy required to
pull the cell body in the direction of the pseudopodium.
Continues….
 Large amount of actin protein in the cytoplasm.
 Network contracts bind with actin-binding protein
myosin.
 This whole process is energized by ATP.

11. CELLS EXHIBIT AMEBOID LOCOMOTION
1. White blood cells: they move out of the blood into the tissues
to form tissue microphages.
2. Fibroblast
3. Cell locomotion: is especially in development of the embryo
and fetus after fertilization of an ovum.
4. Embryonic cells
5. Sessile cells
6. Cancer cells (sarcomas).

12. CONTROL OF AMEBOID
LOCOMOTION=CHEMOTAXIS
Process that initiates ameboid locomotion is called chemotaxis.
Chemical substance that cause chemotaxis is called chemotactic
substance.
Cells exhibit ameboid locomotion when move towards source of
chemotactic substance known as positive chemotaxis.
Cells when move away from source of chemotactic show negative
chemotaxis.

13.  CILIARY MOVEMENT
 This movement occurs in cilia and flagella.

15. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CILIA
AND FLAGELLA

16. CILIA
There are two types of cilia:
Motile cilia
Non-motile cilia (primary
cilia).

17. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MOTILE
AND NON-MOTILE CILIA
I. Motile cilia II. Non-motile cilia

18. REFERENCE
 FROM=
 GUYTON AND HALL
 GOOGLE
 BY=
 GUYTON E.HALL