Presentation1 [Recovered].pbl ^Jphysiology.pptx
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This document summarizes cell locomotion. It discusses two main types of cell locomotion - ameboid movement and ciliary movement. Ameboid movement involves the formation of pseudopodia that allow cells like white blood cells and fibroblasts to move through tissues. Ciliary movement occurs via the beating of cilia and flagella and allows for movement in cells that contain these structures like sperm cells. The document provides details on the mechanisms, cells that exhibit each type of movement, and control of ameboid locomotion through chemotaxis.
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Locomotion of cells
Ameboid movement allows cells like white blood cells and fibroblasts to move through tissues. It involves the formation of pseudopodia through which the cell pulls itself forward in a crawling motion. Chemotaxis guides ameboid movement, with cells moving toward higher concentrations of chemical signals.
Ciliary movement involves the whiplike beating of cilia, which are short projections on cell surfaces. Cilia contain microtubules and dynein proteins that allow coordinated movement through ATP hydrolysis. Cells with cilia, like those in the respiratory and reproductive tracts, use ciliary movement to transport fluids and particles.
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At the end of this session, the student should be able to:
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1. Ameboid movement involves the formation of pseudopodia to crawl and pull the cell forward. It is used by white blood cells and amoebas.
2. Ciliary and flagellar movement propel cells through liquid environments using hair-like projections that beat in coordinated waves. Motile cilia sweep mucus in the lungs while flagella propel sperm cells.
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Answer: Five difference between mitosis and meiosis in terms of process and purpose:
Name and describe five differences between the meiosis and mitosis in terms of process and
purpose:
2. Describe three ways organisms achieve the creation of genetically diversified offsprings
involving events before during or after meiosis.
There are several ways with which organisms achieve the creation of genetically diversified
offsprings: Before meiosis random mutations cause genetic diversity and get passed on to
generations (heritable mutations). During meiosis crossing over between chromatids of
homologous chromosomes causes genetic variation. After meiosis, fertilization process also
contributes to creating genetic diversity. During fertilization each parent randomly contributes a
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division) that are not exactly like the procedures described above for mitosis or meiosis.
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(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝟏)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐏𝐏 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐮𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐄𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐮𝐫:
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https://app.box.com/s/qhtvq32h4ybf9t49ku85x0n3xl4jhr15Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptx
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
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For Upcoming Meetups Join Mysore Meetup Group - https://meetups.mulesoft.com/mysore/YouTube:- youtube.com/@mulesoftmysore
Mysore WhatsApp group:- https://chat.whatsapp.com/EhqtHtCC75vCAX7gaO842N
Speaker:-
Shivani Yasaswi - https://www.linkedin.com/in/shivaniyasaswi/
Organizers:-
Shubham Chaurasia - https://www.linkedin.com/in/shubhamchaurasia1/
Giridhar Meka - https://www.linkedin.com/in/giridharmeka
Priya Shaw - https://www.linkedin.com/in/priya-shaw
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- 2. LOCOMOTION OF CELLS PRESENTED TO Dr. Sania Munir Presented By Muhammad Saleem 104 (B)
- 3. OBJECTIVES Cell locomotion is important in physiological and pathological process. It includes cell migration during embryonic development. Movement of white blood cells in response to infection. This movement is also essential for survival, immune defense, and tissue repair. Locomotion helps us to move from one place to other.
- 4. CONTENTS INTRODUCTION TYPES OF LOCOMOTION OF CELLS AMEBOID MOVEMENT CILIARY MOVEMENT REFERENCE
- 5. INTRODUCTION IMPORTANT TYPE THAT OCCURS IN THE BODY IS THAT OF MUSCLE CELLS. IN SKELETAL , CARDIAC AND SMOOTH MUSCLES. WHICH CONSTITUTE 50 % OF THE BODY MASS.
- 6. • AMEBOID MOVEMENT CILIARY MOVEMENT •TYPES OF LOCOMOTION OF CELLS
- 9. MECHANISM OF AMEBOID MOVEMENT Two effects are essential for the continual formation of new cell membrane: i. First effect is attachment of pseudopodium to surrounding tissues, so it becomes fixed in its leading portion.
- 10. ” “ ii. The second effect is to provide the energy required to pull the cell body in the direction of the pseudopodium. Continues…. Large amount of actin protein in the cytoplasm. Network contracts bind with actin-binding protein myosin. This whole process is energized by ATP.
- 11. CELLS EXHIBIT AMEBOID LOCOMOTION 1. White blood cells: they move out of the blood into the tissues to form tissue microphages. 2. Fibroblast 3. Cell locomotion: is especially in development of the embryo and fetus after fertilization of an ovum. 4. Embryonic cells 5. Sessile cells 6. Cancer cells (sarcomas).
- 12. CONTROL OF AMEBOID LOCOMOTION=CHEMOTAXIS Process that initiates ameboid locomotion is called chemotaxis. Chemical substance that cause chemotaxis is called chemotactic substance. Cells exhibit ameboid locomotion when move towards source of chemotactic substance known as positive chemotaxis. Cells when move away from source of chemotactic show negative chemotaxis.
- 13. CILIARY MOVEMENT This movement occurs in cilia and flagella.
- 15. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CILIA AND FLAGELLA
- 16. CILIA There are two types of cilia: Motile cilia Non-motile cilia (primary cilia).
- 17. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MOTILE AND NON-MOTILE CILIA I. Motile cilia II. Non-motile cilia
- 18. REFERENCE FROM= GUYTON AND HALL GOOGLE BY= GUYTON E.HALL