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3D Object Tracking And Manipulation In Augmented Reality
1.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 05 Issue: 01 | Jan-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 287 3D Object Tracking And Manipulation In Augmented Reality. Shaunak Shirish Deshmukh1, Chinmay Mandar Joshi2, Rafiuddin Salim Patel3 , Dr. Y. B. Gurav4 123 Student, Dept. of Computer Engineering, Padmabhushan Vasantdada Patil Institute of Technology, Pune, Maharashtra, India 4Professor, Dept. of Computer Engineering , Padmabhushan Vasantdada Patil Institute of Technology, Pune, Maharashtra, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - Augmented Reality (AR) is a technology which combines virtual objects and real-world environments. Technologies like Computer Vision and ObjectRecognitioncan be used with AR to create an interactive and enhanced user experience of the real world. We plan to use AR to leveragethe increased computing power of smart-phones to build asystem that displays 3D objects using a printed image without using any complicated equipment. The purpose of this system is to accelerate learning and understanding of concepts such as structures or mechanisms. Instead of reading long manuals, the user can watch and interact with a 3D video manual through AR. The average person learns better by observing and listening something than by simplyreadingsomething.We will be using this specific property of the human mind to accelerate learning. Key Words: Augmented Reality, Unity GraphicsEngine, Fiducial Marker, Camera, Vuforia, Pattern Matching, Image Targets, Mobile, Computer Vision. 1. INTRODUCTION Augemented Reality(AR) combines virtual world objects with real environments. Over years, augmented reality has been used in many domains for a multitude of purposes. In most fields, AR is used as an assistive system for performing human tasks. AR has proven to be useful in increasing the efficiency and accuracy of the tasks especiallyinthedomains related to surgery and aeroplane manufacturing. In case of surgery, it can be used as a tool to render 3D models of the patients operated area / organ that canhelpdoctorsperform surgeries with minimum risk and complications. In aeroplane manufacturing, AR can be used as a tool to assist wiring the electrical harness of a plane which is a long and tedious task and is still done manually.[4] The Black-board system of education is still used in many countries around the globe. Although this is a traditional system, it is not efficient for learning. However if AR is used in classrooms as a tool to teach, it accelerates learning because it is an audio-visual method of learning. It is a property of the human brain to absorb audio visual information more than textual information.ARinclassrooms takes advantage of this property and accelerateslearning.[3] 2. Related Work [1] In augmented reality (AR) various types of 3D object are displayed in the real world. Head-mounted displays and goggles are some examples of AR They had limitations such as high processing cost, due to which they were only used in limited fields. Due to the rapid advancement and ubiquity of smartphone technology, AR is now available to a far bigger audience. Vuforia is an SDK that makes AR applications easier by handling the detection and tracking of image targets or fiducial markers. Rajawali is a graphics API for Android based on OpenGL-ES 2.0-3.0. that is used for rendering hardware accelerated 3D graphics. In this paper, Vuforia and Rajawali were used to create a proof of concept AR application. This application was used and tested on an Android smartphone. [2] In this paper, the effects and responses of using AR on pre-school/kindergarten children were observed and recorded. Flashcards with pictures of animalswere created. An application displays the corresponding animal over the flashcard when viewed by the camera of a handheld device. The application also allows simulation and interaction with 3D virtual animals. These cards contained static images of animals which started to move when seen through the camera on the device. This showed a great result aschildren were responding to gadgets and to the AR. These AR flashcards can be implemented in classrooms at a low cost. They conclude that AR technology is an effective foundation to use as an educational tool. [3] In this paper, the changes in cultural shifts of students were compared and it wasobserved that young studentsare inclined towards video games. The paper also showed that there is a severe drop in the interest of students in the conventional education system. Theyalsofoundoutstudents specifically are drawn towards Multi-User Virtual Environments(MUVE). MUVEs are seen in chatrooms or multiplayer games where students interacted with a virtual representation of their peers on the internet. So they designed an app based on augmented reality and MUVEs to survey the response of students. The response was overwhelming and studentswere engrossedinittothepoint of forgetting about the real physical world. This paper suggests using Augmented-Reality based environmentsthat are integrated into the education system.ThetraditionalK12 system is very rigid and unable to keep up with the cultural
2.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 05 Issue: 01 | Jan-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 288 shifts. Due to this, there has been cases of inefficiency and failure. The researchers observed that their AR based application fostered more collaboration in the students and efficiency due to their experience with technology. They suggest integrating these kind of experiences into the education system. 3. PROPOSED SYSTEM The proposed system aims at creating high quality 3D video manuals using AR. Fiducial markers (ImageTargets) are tracked using a camera and the 3D modelsaremappedtothe marker. These 3D modelsare representationsofaproductor concept that the user can see on his screen. The user can interact with these 3D modelsand observetheanimationsto understand the mechanisms, workings and details of a certain product or concept. 4. PROPOSED METHOD We are planning to use the following components for developing an application that can run on smartphones as well as desktop clients. It will have the following components. 1. Smartphone/Computer 2. Unity 3. Vuforia 4. Server Fig.1 System architecture 4.1 Unity Unity is a graphics and physics engine thatisusedtobuild scale-able applications that can be built for multiple platforms with the same codebase. Supported platforms include Linux-x86/x86-64, Mac-x86/x86-64, Windows- x86/x86-64, iOS, Android and WebGL . Unity also allows the user to select a graphics API of their choice (DirectX 9, Direct X11, Direct X12, Vulkan, OpenGL, Metal, OpenGL ES 2.0, OpenGL ES 3.0, WebGL 1.0, WebGL 2.0). Unity uses C# for internal scripts and logic. 4.2 Vuforia Vuforia is an SDK that provides detection and tracking of image targets by using feature detection. A feature is any point in an image that is on the edge of multiple coloured sections. A coloured cube has 4 feature points. It was available as a plug-in for Unity and has been integrated into the engine with the release of Unity version 2017.2. Fig.2 Sample Image Target 5. CONCLUSIONS We will develop a system, that will be use AR technology to improve learning and understanding of a product for electronicsproducts consumers. In teaching,oursystemwill help teachersto explain concepts to studentseffectively and enhance their learning. In the manufacturing sector this product will help workers understand a manufacturing process and assist them in doing so. Our system aims at helping and developing better training systems, 3D user manuals and interactive courseware materials that will aid efficient learning and training for people Fig.3 Features of Sample Image Target
3.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 05 Issue: 01 | Jan-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 289 6. REFERENCES [1] Cheng Xiao, Zhang Lifeng , )mplementation of Mobile Augmented Reality Based on Vuforia and Rawajali , School of Information Science and Technology, Jiujiang University Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, China, 2014 [2] Rasslenda-Rass Rasalingam, Balakrishnan Muniandy, Rasslene Rass Rasalingam, Exploring theApplicationof Augmented Reality Technology in Early Childhood Classroom in Malaysia, Centre for Instructional Technology and Multimedia , Universiti SainsMalaysia, Malaysia, IOSR Journal of Research & Method in Education (IOSR-JRME) e-ISSN: 2320–7388,p-ISSN: 2320–737X Volume 4, Issue 5 Ver. IV (Sep-Oct. 2014), PP 33-40 [3] Matt Dunleavy, Chris Dede, Rebecca Mitchell, Affordances and Limitationsof)mmersiveParticipatory Augmented Reality Simulations for Teaching and Learning , J Sci Educ Technol : –22 DOI 10.1007/s10956-008-9119-1 [4] R. T. Azuma, A Survey Of Augmented Reality,August 1997, MIT Press [5] T. Hllerer, and S. Feiner, Mobile augmented reality wpi.edu, year 2004 [6] J. (ahn, Mobile augmented reality applications for library services ,New Library World Vol. No. / , 2012, pp. 429-438q Emerald Group Publishing Limited 0307-4803 DOI 10.1108/03074801211273 [7] M. Specht, S. Ternier, and W. Greller, Mobileaugmented reality for learning: A case study , Journal of the Research Center for EducationalTechnology(RCET)Vol. 7, No. 1, Spring 2011 [8] A. B. Tillon, ). Marchal, and P. (oulier, Mobile augmented reality in the museum: Can a lace-like technology take you closer to works of art? , )EEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality 2011 Science and Technolgy Proceedings26 -29 October, Basel, Switzerland 78-1-4673-0059- 9/10/$26.00 2011 IEEE [9] X. Ye, and Q. Shao, Mobile Advertising System Based on Augmented Reality and Location-BasedServices ,School of Information Science and Technology, Jiujiang University Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, China ,2014 [10] Daniel F. Abawi, Joachim Bienwald and Ralf Drner, Accuracy in Optical Tracking with Fiducial Markers:An Accuracy Function for ARToolKit , Proceedings of the Third IEEE and ACM International SymposiumonMixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR 2004) 0-7695-2191- 6/04 2004 IEEE.
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