Rubber Tire Groundnut Sheller Design

RUBBER TYRE GROUNDNUT SHELLER
K. J. SOMAIYA POLYTECHNIC
VIDYANAGAR, VIDYAVIHAR, MUMBAI- 400077
Project report On
“GROUNDNUT SHELLER MACHINE”
Submitted By:
VARUN N. KUKAWALKAR (FMEG10124)
YOGESH R. MAHALPURE (FMEG10127)
GAUTAM L. PANCHAL (FMEG10133)
Guided By:
Shri. A.V.Bhange
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Vidyanagar, Vidyavihar, Mumbai 400077
This is to certify that Brother / Sister GAUTAM PANCHAL
Enroll. No FMEG10133, of Final Year Full Time Mechanical Engineering
Diploma has satisfactorily completed his/ her term work in INDUSTRIAL
PROJECT & SEMINAR in the topic “RUBBER TIER GROUDNUT
SHELLER” during the academic year 2012-2013.
Project Guide Head Principal& Secretary
Mechanical Egg. Dept.
Date: _
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Vidyanagar, Vidyavihar, Mumbai 400077
SUBMISSON
I, GAUTAM PANCHAL with Enrollment. No FMEG10133,
the students of THIRD YEAR MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING humbly submit that we have completed from time to time the
seminar/project work as describe in this report by our own skill and study between the
periods from JULY 2012 TO APRIL 2013 as per the instruction/guidance of Shri.
A.V.BHANGE
However, the teacher has approved quantum of our contribution & also that, we
have not copied the report or it’s an appreciable part from the other literature in
contravention of the academic ethics.
Date: (Signature)
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CONTENTS
Sr.
No.
Particulars
Page
No.
I Title Page 1
II Certificate 2
III Declaration 3
1 ABSTRACT 5
2 INTODUCTION 9
3 MATERIAL SELECTION 15
4 DESIGN 22
5 FUTURE MODIFICATION 32
6 PROJECT OUTPUT 36
7 MAINTENANCE 38
8 PRECATION & SAFETY 46
9 COST ESTIMATION 48
10 BIBILOGRAPHY 52
11 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 57
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CONTENTS
Chapter
No.
Particulars Page No.
1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 NEED OF PROJECT
1.2 INNOVATION
1.3 WORKING
1
2
MATERIAL SELECTION
2.1 SELECTION OF MATERIAL
2.2 MATERIAL USED
9
3
DESIGN
3.1FIRST STAGE DESIGN
3.2 FINAL DESIGN PROTOTYPE
15
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4
FUTURE MODIFICATION
4.1 MODIFICATION
4.2 SIEVING
22
5
PROJECT OUTPUT
5.1 ADVANTAGES
5.2 DISADVANTAGES
5.3 APPLICATION
32
6
MAINTANENCE
6.1 MAINTENANCE
6.2 CLEANING
36
7 PRECATIONS AND SAFETY 38
8
COST ESTIMATION
8.1 RAW MATERIAL
8.2 DIRECT LABOUR COST
8.3 INDIRECT COST
8.4 TOTAL COST
46
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ABSTRACT
Groundnut is a valuable and important crop which is cultivated almost throughout the world.
The groundnut must be cracked to obtain peanuts so it can be further used for extraction of
oil, and used in food items. The traditional way of removing peanut from groundnut is to
crack it with hand but when a large amount of nuts have to be work on this method is of time
consuming so the first Sheller made was revolving stone Sheller which had many
disadvantages so a rubber tier Sheller was made.
Rubbing action, between a rubber tire and a wire mesh, was used as the shelling
principle, for the Rubber Tire groundnut Sheller. The prototype for testing (Figures 5.1 - 5.4)
consists mainly of a main frame, a rubber tire, a concave, and a hopper.
The rubber tire used was a worn out rubber tire. Tire treads were cut to prevent excessive
slip during operation. Wheel rim and inner tube were also used. The purpose of using the tire
and concave is narrowest at the midpoint of the concave and wider toward the inlet and
outlet. This clearance is adjustable in a vertical direction. An opening of the hopper is also
adjustable so that feed rate can be inner tube was to study the effect of tire inflation on
shelling. The concave is a 11 x 11 mm wire mesh concave. The midpoint of the concave is
directly underneath the center of the rubber tire. The clearance between the rubber controlled.
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CHAPTER-1
INTRODUCTION
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1.1 NEED FOR PROJCET
In our country due to heavy cultivation of groundnut there is a need of shelling
the groundnuts and obtaining the peanuts in safe, fast and economic form. The agricultural
industries in our country have heavy machines to do the same but the farmers in rurer areas
and in small industries its necessary to have a economical and high efficiency machine which
can easy bark the groundnut shell.to get this done many machines are use some are
universalnutsheler,rubbertyersheller etc.
Hence we, the group of our class found the need of designing and
manufacturing such a system which will make the peanuts easy come out from its shell and
the peanuts too not get broken while the shelling is taking place
1.2 INNOVATION
Our design improves on the prior art because it is inexpensive, small scale, and does
not need outside help to build. The materials and tools are readily available and do not
require communication with external parties to be built.
Big commercial systems are simply too expensive for our target market. Even the
hand cranked machines cost upwards from $130. Electric powered machines are impractical
because electricity is expensive and hard to find in rural areas .Our solution is small and
inexpensive; it fits well into the household peanut industry.
The Malian peanut sheller is also a good low cost alternative, but it requires the
builder to have molds to make the concrete components. If the builder has access to fiberglass
materials to make molds out of, it is easy for him to build the device. If he does not have
access to such technologies, he must contact the designers and buy the molds at through the
United States, which may be very expensive.
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We aim to eliminate the need for molds and the need for outside parties. Our machine
requires no foreign assistance at all. It can be built using local materials by the local
craftsmen. There is no need for builders to communicate and interact with foreign parties.
Our approach to solving the peanut shelling problem is to use the concept of the rubber
tire design but make it affordable and easy to build with locally accessible materials. The
machine itself is very easy to build, and requires few skills besides basic carpentry. Our
concept does away with costs and complexity of fiberglass molds yet maintains a very low
cost. Repair is simple; extruded steel and other common components are easy to find. The
concept is simple and the design is modular, so it can be expanded if higher throughput is
desired. Locally accessible materials may differ in different regions, so our design can be
adapted to use different materials.
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The second component of our system is a device that separates the shelled kernels From
the shells. Prior designs for separation equipment use forced air to carry the shells away from
the kernels. Since forced air requires complex fan units and extra power, we designed a
separation machine that does not depend on air currents. Our design uses the round property
of the kernels to separate them from the husks. The round kernels roll in contrast to the shell
fragments, which are flat and may have fibers sticking out at the broken edges. Our separator
places the combined kernels and shells onto an inclined plane where the round kernels roll
down the plane, and the shell fragments stick on the sloped
1.3 WORKING
The peanut sheller is made of a used rubber tire mounted in a metal housing with a concave
wire screen bottom. As the wheel is cranked, the nuts enter the space between the tire and the
screen.
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In operation, groundnut in the hopper is fed into the clearance between the rubber tire
and the concave while the rubber tire is turning. The groundnut is then shelled by rubbing
action between the rubber tire and the wire mesh. After the groundnut has been shelled, the
kernel and the shell fall through the wire mesh into a collecting pan. Separation of the shell
from the kernel has to be done separately.
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CHAPTER 2
MATERIAL SELECTION
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MATERIAL SELECTION
The proper selection of material for the different part of a machine is the main objective
in the fabrication of machine. For a design engineer it is must that he be familiar with the
effect, which the manufacturing process and heat treatment have on the properties of
materials. The Choice of material for engineering purposes depends upon the following
factors:
1. Availability of the materials.
2. Suitability of materials for the working condition in service.
3. The cost of materials.
4. Physical and chemical properties of material.
5. Mechanical properties of material.
The mechanical properties of the metals are those, which are associated with the ability of
the material to resist mechanical forces and load. We shall now discuss these properties as
follows:
Strength: It is the ability of a material to resist the externally applied forces
Stress: Without breaking or yielding. The internal resistance offered by a part to an
externally applied force is called stress.
Stiffness: It is the ability of material to resist deformation under stresses. The
modules of elasticity of the measure of stiffness.
Elasticity: It is the property of a material to regain its original shape after
deformation when the external forces are removed. This property is desirable for material
used in tools and machines. It may be noted that steel is more elastic than rubber.
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Plasticity: It is the property of a material, which retain the deformation produced under
load permanently. This property of material is necessary for forging, in stamping images on
coins and in ornamental work.
Ductility: It is the property of a material enabling it to be drawn into wire with the
application of a tensile force. A ductile material must be both strong and plastic. The ductility
is usually measured by the terms, percentage elongation and percent reduction in area. The
ductile materials commonly used in engineering practice are mild steel, copper, aluminum,
nickel, zinc, tin and lead.
Brittleness: It is the property of material opposite to ductile. It is the Property of
breaking of a material with little permanent distortion. Brittle materials when subjected to
tensile loads snap off without giving any sensible elongation. Cast iron is a brittle material.
Malleability: It is a special case of ductility, which permits material to be rolled or
hammered into thin sheets, a malleable material should be plastic but it is not essential to be
so strong. The malleable materials commonly used in engineering practice are lead, soft steel,
wrought iron, copper and aluminum.
Toughness: It is the property of a material to resist the fracture due to high impact loads
like hammer blows. The toughness of the material decreases when it is heated. It is measured
by the amount of absorbed after being stressed up to the point of fracture. This property is
desirable in parts subjected to shock an impact loads.
Resilience: It is the property of a material to absorb energy and to resist rock and
impact loads. It is measured by amount of energy absorbed per unit volume within elastic
limit. This property is essential for spring material.
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Creep: When a part is subjected to a constant stress at high temperature for long period
of time, it will undergo a slow and permanent deformation called creep. This property is
considered in designing internal combustion engines, boilers and turbines.
Hardness: It is a very important property of the metals and has a wide verity of
meanings. It embraces many different properties such as resistance to wear scratching,
deformation and mach inability etc. It also means the ability of the metal to cut another metal.
The hardness is usually expressed in numbers, which are dependent on the method of making
the test. The hardness of a metal may be determined by the following test.
1. Brinell hardness test
2. Rockwell hardness test
3. Vickers hardness (also called diamond pyramid) test and
4 .Share scaleroscope.
The science of the metal is a specialized and although it overflows in to realms of
knowledge it tends to shut away from the general reader. The knowledge of materials and
their properties is of great significance for a design engineer. The machine elements should
be made of such a material which has properties suitable for the conditions of operations. In
addition to this a design engineer must be familiar with the manufacturing processes and the
heat treatments have on the properties of the materials. In designing the various part of the
machine it is necessary to know how the material will function in service.
For this certain characteristics or mechanical properties mostly used in mechanical
engineering practice are commonly determined from standard tensile tests. In engineering
practice, the machine parts are subjected to various forces, which may be due to either one or
more of the following.
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In engineering practice, the machine parts are subjected to various forces, which may be
due to either one or more of the following.
1. Energy transmitted
2. Weight of machine
3. Fictional resistance
4. Inertia of reciprocating parts
5. Change of temperature
6. Lack of balance of moving parts
The selection of the materials depends upon the various types of stresses that are set up
during operation. The material selected should with stand it. Another criterion for selection of
metal depends upon the type of load because a machine part resist load more easily than a
live load and live load more easily than a shock load.
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Selection of the material depends upon factor of safety, which
in turn depends upon the following factors.
1. Reliabilities of properties
2. Reliability of applied load
3. The certainty as to exact mode of failure
4. The extent of simplifying assumptions
5. The extent of localized
6. The extent of initial stresses set up during manufacturing
7. The extent loss of life if failure occurs
8. The extent of loss of property if failure occurs
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RAW MATERAIL AND STANDARS MATERIAL:
SR NO PART NAME MATERIAL. QTY
1 FRAME
ANGLE 25X25X5mm
IRON 1
2 RUBBER TIER RUBBER 1
3 TURNING HANDLE IRON 1
4 BEARING S.S 2
5 WIRE MESH S.S 2
6 GALVANISED STEEL SHEET GAL.STEEL 1
7 COTTER PIN STEEL 1
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CHAPTER-3
DESIGN
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3.1 DESIGN
FIRST STAGE DESIGN CONSIDERATION IN NEW MACHINE
The word 'design' means different things to different people - a wallpaper pattern, a
fashionable dress, the appearance of a racing car and so on. We therefore start by defining
what we mean by 'design' in the present context - i.e. What design is all about? This
understanding will lead to an examination of why we need to 'design', particularly in an
engineering environment, and How we might best go about 'designing'.
WHAT IS DESIGN?
The Concise Oxford Dictionary explains design as 'a mental plan, a scheme of attack,
end in view, adaptation of means to ends, preliminary sketch for picture, invention.'
Evidently there is a lot more to design than mere visual aspects, and design is not restricted to
engineering. Key components of this explanation are as follows:-
 Means to ends implies that we design not for the abstract mental exercise, but with
a definite goal in view - some action or some physical object (artifact) will result
from the design.
 Mental suggests that design is a thinking process. When we design we deal
primarily with ideas, with abstractions rather than with numbers - and computers
for example cannot do the job for us, though they can help in certain tasks. No
matter what we design, it is vital that we develop and apply our imagination to
visualize realistically the future form of the artifact or action, how it will
eventually come into being and most importantly how it will thereafter interact
with people and other artifacts’ or actions.
 Plan, scheme infers that design is distinct from implementation. Designers
especially in engineering seldom execute their plans, but rather communicate
them to others - either by word of mouth, or visually (sketches, engineering
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drawings, computer simulations &c), or through the written word. Again, note the
lack of emphasis on numbers.
 Invention means just that, we are coming up with something NEW - at least
partly. Creativity is crucial as we shall see later.
So, can we now define design completely? No! And neither do we need to. A rigid
definition implies a rigid process, and design is anything but that. We shall adopt the
following interpretation as it incorporates the above concepts and conveys a reasonably clear
idea of what design is all about -
Design is the application of creativity to planning the optimum solution of a given
problem and the communication of that plan to others.
Apart from the communication aspect therefore, we understand the essence of design to
be problem- solving, though the type of problem encountered in design is not like a typical
textbook mathematics problem for example in which the unique 'correct' solution is
guaranteed by following, automaton-like, a series of learned solution steps. A design problem
on the other hand is a real-life problem with many solutions, some of which meet the problem
requirements better, some worse, and where the process of discovering the solutions is not
mechanistic.
Some problems might appear not to need 'design' as a solution can be cobbled together
without much thought. This is true enough - if the solution can be based on direct experience.
However we shall soon come to realise that without experience such a thoughtless solution
usually comes to grief sooner or later - the more involved the problem and the more folk
affected by the solution, the more likely is the solution going to fall in a heap.
Any old solution will not do - we must strive for the optimum solution.
We expect that the design process, if properly carried out, will show a high probability of
disclosing a solution which is optimum or close-to-optimum, if indeed a unique optimum
exists.
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The prime aim of this chapter is to develop a structured approach to design - an approach
which will promote confidence in effectively solving real life problems. We shall focus on
problems involving engineering hardware - particularly for Design and Build (D&B)
Competitions - however the approach is perfectly general and applicable to problems arising
from a marketing sortie or a labour wrangle for example. The approach is thus very relevant
to managers and the like - not just to 'hardware designers'.
Before presenting the method however, let us look briefly at we go to the trouble of
designing . . . .
WHY DO WE DESIGN?
Most people these days exist by providing 'things’ to others; in the case of engineers these
'things' are technical muscle-power or know-how, or physical artifacts - that is solutions to
buyers' or hirers' particular problems. If these clients are not completely satisfied with the
'thing' provided then they will dismiss the provider, go somewhere else for their next 'thing',
and tell everyone about the provider's unsatisfactory 'things'. If this happens often enough to a
particular provider then that provider will cease to exist as a market force - nobody will want
to know.
So clearly, if 'things' are not designed with care and attention to clients' needs then the
provider will have problems.
Survival = Good design = Creativity
It is useful to view design in the context of a typical artifact which evolves from initial
conception, through the distinct stages illustrated, to eventual obsolescence. A planned action
undergoes an analogous sequence; however we shall concentrate on hardware.
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3.2FINAL DESIGN PROTOTYPE
The evaluation of the concept for shelling groundnut, using the rubbing action between
the rubber tire and the wire mesh, has shown promising results. The final prototype of the
Rubber Tire groundnut sheller was then designed and constructed. This prototype consists
mainly of a main frame, a rubber tire frame, a rubber tire assembly, a concave, and a hopper.
Two major modifications were made for the final-design prototype. The first
modification was on the rubber tire assembly. Since the tire with a small amount of inflation
or without inflation could satisfactorily shell the groundnut, the inner tube and the wheel rim
were not used in the final design. This was to reduce the cost of the Sheller.
Construction of the rubber tire assembly for the final design with the second modification
was on the method of adjusting the clearance. On the first prototype, the clearance between
the rubber tire and the concave was adjusted by raising or lowering the rubber tire frame in a
vertical direction along four slots of the main frame. This method was not practical for field
operations. In the final design, the clearance can be adjusted at only one point .One end of the
rubber tire frame is pivoted to the main frame. The bolt on the main frame is threaded, onto
which the hole on the other end of the rubber tire frame is placed. Adjusting of the clearance
is done by adding or removing flat washer(s) onto or out of the bolt. Finer clearance
adjustment can be accomplished by adjusting a nut
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.
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CHAPTER-4
FUTURE MODIFICATION
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of 54
FUTURE MODIFICATION
The existing model of sheller can be modified to obtain high efficiency and get the
groundnut shelled easily,fast, and lesser breakage value.This can be achieved by different
methods on base of this operation or some other. Other method possible are universal nut
sheller, wooden sheller or the crusher sheller. The sheller is further upgrated with the special
attachment of Sieving method by which the different size groundnut can be separated . This
process is the most effective and cheap. This process is describe as follows
SIEVING
Sieving is a simple and convenient technique of separating particles of different sizes. A
small sieve such as that used for sifting flour has very small holes which allow very fine flour
particles to pass through . The coarse particles are retained in the sieve or are broken up by
grinding against the screen windows. Depending upon the types of particles to be separated,
sieves with different type of holes are used. It is also used to separate stones from sand
MECHANICAL VIBRATORY SIEVING
Mechanical vibratory sieves also commonly referred to as gyratory separators or
screening machines. They classify nuts by separating them by particle size through a screen
mesh .Using a combination of horizontal and vertical movement by means of cam and
plunger; they separate the, nuts over screen in controlled flow patterns and stratify the
product. There are three main functions a vibratory sieve or separator can achieve:
1. Check/safety screening: used for quality assurance by checking
2. For foreign contaminants and oversized material removing them from product.
3. Grading/sizing screening: used to grade or classify material into different partial sizes.

4. Recovery screening: used to recover valuable materials in the waste stream for use.
ATTACHMENT
The groundnut after shelling is obtained in different sizes. This is difficult to use it
directly so to make it simple the separator is attached with the sheller.
The separation processes can be done by different types hand sorting, automatic
sorting, gravity separator, step riddle separation.
WORKING PRINCIPLE OF STEP RIDDLE SEPRATION
The step riddle consist of 2 wire mesh of different sizes, the upper wire mesh is larger
in size and the lower mesh is smaller in sizes, the size of the wire mesh is to be decided by
taking the size of the groundnut size into account. Upper wire mesh and lower wire mesh are
oppositely angled so the flow of the product will be to easy.
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The wire mesh are fitted on the frame of separator in such a way that the
vibration motion given to the upper mesh is take by the lower mesh too. A cam is used to
obtain the vibration in separator.
The cam and a plunger, the plunger is attached fixed to the frame and the cam with
the hand turner to attain the circular motion of the cam and make the separator vibrate so the
different size of groundnuts are separated.
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CHAPTER-5
ADVANTAGES, DISADVANTAGES
& APPLICATIONS
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ADVANTAGES, DISADVANTAGES & APPLICATIONS
 ADVANTAGES
1) It requires no power for its operation
2) It is easy in maintance
3) It requires no skill for its operation being performed
4) It is cheap as compared to other Sheller
 DISADVANTAGES
1) Sometimes the groundnuts break into pieces
2) Manually operated so no fluctuation speed of tire resulting into stucking of peanuts in
wire mesh.
 APPLICATIONS
1) Can be used in small industries
2) Used in farms
3) Where large amount of groundnut is to be shelled
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CHAPTER-6
MAINTENANCE
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MAINTANCE
No machine in the universe is 100% maintenance free machine. Due to its continuous
use its is undergoing waer and tear of the crushing parts. The rubber tyer and wire mesh is
continuously subjected to bending and wear.
AUTONOMOUS MAINTANCE ACTIVITY
1) Conducting initial cleaning and inspection
2) Eliminate sources of dirt, derbris, excess lubrication etc.
3) Improve cleaning maintainability
4) Understand equipment functioning
5) Develop inspection skills
6) Develop standard checklist
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CLAIR  CLEANING, LUBRICATING, ADJUSTMENT,
INSPECTION
CLEANING
 Why cleaning?
 Prevent or eliminate contamination.
 Find ways to simplify the cleaning process.
 Facilitates through inspection when done by knowledgeable operators and or
maintainers.
CLEANING IS INSPECTION….
Clean
Look at and touch every Free equipment
Detect
deterioration and
Identify
difficulties to
Remarkable
sources of
Normal
Or
Expose hidden
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CLEANING PROCESS
 What to look for when cleaning?
 Missing part Wear
 Rust and corrosion Noise
 Cracks Proper alignment
 Leaks Play or sloppiness
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VISUAL AIDS TO MAINTAIN CORRECT EQUIPMENT
CONDITION
 Match marks on nut and bolts
 Color marking of permissible operating ranges on dials and gauges
 Marking of fluid type and flow direction of pipes
 Marking at open / closed position on valves
 Labeling at lubrication inlets and tube type
 Marking minimum / maximum fluid levels
 Label inspection sequences
ADJUST & MINOR REPAIR
 Minor repairs if
 Trained
 Experienced
 Performs safety
 Simple tool required
 Not longer than 20/30 minutes
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CHRONIC DEFECTS
CHRON
IC
LOSS IS LOSS IS
Remedial Remedial Remedial
EQUIPMENT IMPROVEMENT
 Restore obvious deterioration throughout.
 Establish plan select pilot area , determine bottleneck.
 Study and understand the production process.
 Establish goals for improvement.
 Clarify the problem, collect the reference manuals contact resources.
 Conduct evaluation through such techniques as RCM analysis, FMECA, FTA
(Root cause failure analysis).
 Determine improvement priorities, costs and benefits.
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 Execute improvement in pilot area standardize technique and document what you
have done.
 Monitor results and optimize based on those results.
EQUIPMENT RESPONSIBILITIES OF OPERATOR
 Operation with the proper standard procedure.
 Failure prevention. Failure resolution.
 Inspection. Equipment up keep.
 Cleaning. Lubricating.
 Lightning fastener Minor repairs.
 Trouble shooting.
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CHAPTER-7
PRECAUTION AND SAFETY MEASURES
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CHAPTER-7
PRECAUTION AND SAFETY MEASURES
Following are the precautions and safety measure are taken to make our creation a grand
success.
PRECAUTION:-
1) The rubber tier should be rotated in the constant speed.
2) Alignment of rubber tier and wire mesh should be properlt done.
3) Alignment of turning handle and rubber tier should be perfect.
4) The system should be robustly designed..
SAFETY MEASURES:-
1) Do not touch the wire mesh while rubber tire is in motion.
2) Do not try to stop the rubber tier immediately with your hands.
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CHAPTER-8
COST ESTIMATION
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COST ESTIMATION
The machine tool designer must furnish the management with an idea of how much
tooling will cost, and how much monwy the production methods save over a specified run.
This information is generally furnished if a form of cost worksheets. By referring to the cost
worksheets the final cost of the machine is calculated.
Cost estimation is defined as the process of forecasting expenses that are incurred
to manufacture a product. The expense take into account all expenditure involved in
designing and manufacturing with all the related services facilities such as material handling,
heat treatment and surface coating, as well as portion of general administrative and selling
costs.
NEED OF COST ESTIMATION:
1) Determined the selling price of a product for a quotation or contract, sa as to ensure a
reasonable profit top the company.
2) Check the quotations supplied to the vendors
3) Decide whether a part or assembly is economical to be manufactured in the plant or is
to be purchased from outside
4) Determine the most economical process or material to manufacture a product.
5) To determine standards of production performance that may be used to control costs.
ELEMENTS OF COST ENCOUNTERED IN THE PROJECT
The cost encountered in this project are material cost, labour cost ,cost of standard
parts, designing cost and the cost of indirect expenses.
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MATERIAL COST:
The material cost can be calculated by finding the total volume of the material used and
the weight of the material. For calculation the value and the weight, the following procedure
is adopted:
a) In actual procedure there are some holes and shapes cut. But they are considered to be
solid while calculating the total volume of material used.
b) While calculating the volume the triangle shaped parts T shaped parts are considered
as rectangle or square parts.
c) The weight of the parts is calculated by multiplying the toatal volume and the density
of the material (M.S) which is equal to 7.76665 X 10 ^-3 Kg/Cc.
d) The total cost can be obtained by multiplying the total weight by the rate of material .
RAW MATERAIL AND STANDARS MATERAIAL COST:
SR NO PART NAME RATE Q
TY
TOTAL
1 FRAME
ANGLE 25X25X5mm
68 Rs/Kg 13
Kg
884
2 RUBBER TIER 450Rs 1 450
3 TURNING HANDLE 290Rs 1 290
4 BEARING 360Rs 2 720
5 WIRE MESH 150/per Ft 2
Ft
300
6 GALVANISED STEEL
SHEET
60
Rs/Sq.Ft
7
Sq.ft
420
7 FASTENING
(NUT,BOLT,WASHER)
560
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DIRECT LABOUR COST:
SR NO OPERATION HOURS RATE PER
HOUR
AMOUNT
1 CUTTING 3 200 600
2 FITTING 4 200 800
3 DRILLING 1 250 250
4 GRINDING 1 200 200
5 ASSEMBLY 3 250 750
INDIRECT COST
TRANSPOARTATION COST = 500
COOLENT & LUBRICANT = 100
DRAWING COST = 400
PROJCET REPORT COST= 1500
TOTAL COST:
Raw material cost + std.parts cost + direct labour cost + indirect cost
Total cost of project = 3624 + 2600 +2500
Total cost of project = 8727/-
Page 51 of 54

CHAPTER-9
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Page 52 of 54

CHAPTER-9
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Following different references are taken while collection and manufacturing
literature and project
1) Workshop technology
2) www.google.com
3) www.wikipedia.com
4) www.farmtech.com
5) Youtube.com
6) http://www.farmradio.org/radio-resource-packs/package-39-creative-gardening/the-
rubber-tire-groundnut-sheller/
Page 53 of 54

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We would like to take this opportunity to acknowledge the whole hearted support
extended to us by K. J. SOMAIYA POLYTECHNIC, Mumbai – 400077.
We would like to express our sincere sense of gratitude towards our project guide Shri
A.V.Bhange
who gave us the valuable guidance & all the required facilities for successfully
completion of the project.
We are thankful for providing us the necessary help & material for completion of project.
We are also thankful to for giving us the information regarding groundnut sheller.
We are also grateful to the facilities of Mechanical Engineering Department of K. J.
Somaiya Polytechnic, Mumbai. We thank our HOD Prof. P. J. SEBASTIAN for their
guidance & valuable advice. We are indeed obliged by their constant support &
encouragement.
Page 54 of 54

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