Dengue has been a major problem in Punjab, Pakistan since 2011. In 2011, there was a major outbreak that infected over 0.6 million people in 72 days, with 22,000 confirmed cases and many deaths, mostly in Lahore. In 2012, extensive preventive measures were taken and the disease was much better controlled, with only 265 confirmed cases and no deaths. The document discusses the life cycle of the Aedes mosquitoes that transmit dengue, from egg to larvae to pupae. It also outlines symptoms of dengue fever and lists common mosquito breeding sites. Control methods discussed include both mechanical and chemical approaches, with specific larvicides and adulticides mentioned.

1. INTRODUCTION
SHEHBAZ SHARIF
2012-ag-3522
BSc(Hones) Entomology
University of agriculture Faisalabad

3. Dengue in Punjab
 Dengue has been an alarming since 2011 when one of
the worst out break of fever infected people from all
age and sexes throughout Punjab.
 The out break was ranked as the worst effecting almost
0.6 million in 72 days with almost 22,000 confirmed
cases and deaths mostly in Lahore.
 In 2012 the disease remained at very affordable level
i.e. 265 confirmed cases with no death due to extensive
preventive measures take throughout Punjab with
particularly effort in Lahore , Faisalabad.

4. Known vectors
 Aedes aegypti
 Aedes albopictus
 These have extended
their from Asia region to
continent through trade
and transport
 Both the species have
the capacity to vector

5. LIFE CYCLE

6. Egg
 After taking a blood meal ,female mosquitoes produce
on average 100 to 200 eggs per batch.
 The females cane produce up to five batches of egg
during lifetime.
 The number of eggs depend on size of blood meal
 The eggs are laid on damp surfaces are likely to
temporarily flood ,such as tree holes and main made
containers like jar ,pots ,tires and tanks etc.
 The eggs of aedes are smooth ,long ,and I mm long.

7. Egg

8. Larvae
 After hatching of eggs ,the larvae feed on organic
particulate matter in water such as algae other
microscopic organisms.
 The larvae pass through four instars .
 The length of forth instar about 8mm.
 Larvae stage is spent water surface .

9. Larvae

10. Pupae
 After the fourth instar , the larvae enters the pupal
stage .
 Pupae do not feed and take approximately 2 days to
devope.

11. TIME WHEN DENGUE APPEAR
 Aedes active season starts from end February and
continuous till third week of may.
 Second season starts with the monsoon rains July to
October.
 However the some populations still active till
November and December.

12. SYMTOM OF DENGUE FEVER
 Sudden , high fever.
 Severe headaches
 Pain behind the eyes
 Severe joint and muscle pain
 Fatigue
 Vomiting

13. BREEDING SITES
 Air conditioner water
 Containers for washing clothes
 Containers for drinking water
 Water of swimming pools
 Trey of refrigenerator
 Pot kept in grave yard
 Water pot in tyre puncher shops
 Old tyrs
 Holes in trees

14. CONTROL OF DENGUE
 There are two ways control of dengue mosquitoes
1) Mechanical method
2) Chemical method

15. Chemical method used in dengue
management
Classification into two groups
- used larvicides
1) Temephose 1 % granules
2) Temephose 50 EC ( Emalsifiable concentration )
- Use adulticides
1) Deltamethrin 5 % ( WP)
2) Deltamethrin 1.5 % ( EC) for fogging.

16. MOSQUITOES REPLLENT PLANT
 Neem
 Lemon Grass
 Eucalyptus
 Peppermint ( Podeena )