2. Life Cycle
10-12 days complete metamorphosis
Egg to larva to pupa to adult
3. Egg
2-3 days
Oval shape
Laid singly above water level
Never on a dry surface
Thick exochorion (outer covering)
Remains viable for long periods
2-4 months
262 days stored under dry condition
4. Larva
4 instars (1st, 2nd, 3rd & 4th)
7 days at 27 C
8-13 days at fairly warm weather
60-100 days due to starvation
Characteristic movement of extreme
restlessness
Swimming & gliding movement
5. Larva
Feeding
Gnawing & swallowing solid particles
using mandible
Pharyngeal filtration of minute
particles by browsing
Rest at an angle to the water surface
Favorable temperature: 16-24 C
Does not mature: 12 & 39 C
6. Larva
Affected by chemical factors
1-2.3% salt kills the larvae
50% sea water kills larvae in 24 hrs.
Pure sea water kills larvae in 2-4 hrs.
Soap causes drowning by preventing
larvae to obtain air
Oil kills by asphyxiation by the film
formed cuts contact with the air
7. Pupa
Cease to feed; no longer glides
Still swims if disturbed
44-48 C causes 100% mortality
36 C shortens its life
At 4.4 C, it becomes dormant
Affected by chemicals
Resistant to chemicals other than vapors &
gases because of waxy substance on or
within the cuticle
Soap deprives the respiratory trumpet
to obtain air
8. Adult
Emergence
Emerge from pupal stage
More males than females (5:3)
Mating & fertilization
Mating takes place 24 hrs after emergence
Males don’t swarm, chase the females &
unite
Females remain fertile throughout her life
after fertilization. After 72 hrs, fertile eggs
are laid, spermatozoa are stored in
the spermatheca
9. Adult
Feeding/biting
1st blood meal after mating
Need about 0.5 – 3.5 mg of blood
“day-biters” with 2 peaks
1-2 hrs after sunrise
1-2 hrs before sunset
Only females bite/blood meal
Feeds on vertebrate host, mammals, birds,
bats, chickens, rabbit, guinea pigs, etc…
10. Adult
Prefers hands with low moisture output
Attracted to warmer skin
Movement doubles attractiveness of animals
Temperature requirements:
28 C – most active
26-35 C – largely feed
19-25 C – slowly bite
40 C - lethal
11. Adult
Act of feeding
No frontal attack
Approaches from behind
Attack from different quarter if 1st attempt
fails
Color choice is secondary to the urge of bite
Next blood meal is after laying eggs
Resting habit
Prefers dark corners, shades, dark objects
Settle on sides away from light indoor
12. Adult
Oviposition
60-100 eggs/batch
2-6 pm peak of oviposition
5-6 hrs to lay all its eggs
Prefers dark background container with
clean, stagnant, non-polluted water
Flight range
Fly upwind towards the light
50-300 meters from breeding source
Seasonal abundance (during rainy months)
Life span (20-30 days)
13. Methods of Aedes aegypti Control
Against the larva
Larvicides
Insecticides on the breeding sites
Source reduction
Disposal of useless containers
Cleaning of useful containers
Clean clogged gutters
Bore holes on used tires
Tightly cover/mosquito proof water
containers
Biological control
Use/seeding of larvivorous fish
14. Methods of Aedes aegypti Control
Against the adult
Space spray (fogging)
Chemicals applied in the form of fog/mist
Environmental
Modify/manipulate environment to
render it favorable for development such
as:
• Turn upside down water containers
• Fill up holes (trees, hollow
blocks, bamboo stumps) with soil or
cement
15. Strategies on Prevention & Control
Integrated vector control
Combination of 2 or more vector control
activities supplementary to each other
towards reduction of breeding sites
Community participation & mobilization
Health education & promotion
Legislation
Environmental sanitation & management
Mosquito control
16. Early Case Detection & Management
Case identification
Notifiable disease
Increase number of cases during rainy
season
High suspicion if increased fever cases
in the community, deaths of
undetermined causes
Tool for investigation
Strategies on Prevention & Control
17. Early Case Detection & Management
Case management
Refer to hospital
Not all cases need to be hospitalized
Treatment is symptomatic
Home treatment VS hospitalization
Vector control
Strategies on Prevention & Control
18. Surveillance
Very important for a disease that is prone
to epidemic
Types:
Clinical
Laboratory
Epidemiological
Vector
Strategies on Prevention & Control
19. Health education
Social mobilization
Community
organizing, advocacy, networking/linkagi
ng
Interpersonal communication
Consultation/lectures, focus group
discussion, mother’s class
Mass media
Print, broadcast (TV, radio, cinema)
Strategies on Prevention & Control
