THIS REPORT IS BASED ON THE POWER FACTOR CORRECTION ON THE POWERPLANT AND IN THIS REPORT IS PREPARED BASED ON THE REPORT MAKING AND THIS REPORT IS USEFUL TO SUBMIT THE REPORTS IN THIS FORMAT AND THIS FORMAT IS ALSO GOOD

1. Project Report
On
PROBLEM ON THE POWERFACTOR CORRRECTION IN POWER PLANT
Submitted as a part of Second Year First Semester curriculum of
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
By
Mr.P.Eswar Sai 18981A0237
Mr. P.Mohan 18981A0238
Ms. P.Supriya 18981A0239
Mr. P. Nithesh Kumar 18981A0240
Mr. P.Sanjay Kumar 18981A0241
Under the Supervision of
Dr.G.vasu
Associate Professor
Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering
Raghu Engineering College
(Autonomous)
Accredited by NBA & NAAC with ‘A Grade, Permanently Affiliated JNTU
Kakinada
Dakamarri (v), Bheemunipatnam Mandal, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh
531162

2. Dec – 2019
RAGHU ENGINEERING COLLEGE
Department of Electrical and Electronics
Engineering
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that case study entitled as “PROBLEM ON THE
POWERFACTOR CORRRECTION IN POWER PLANT” submitted by Mr.P.Mohan
(18981A0238), Ms.P.Supriya(18981A0239), Mr. P.NitheshKumar(18981A0240), Mr.P.Sanjay
Kumar(18981A0241) as a part of Second Year First Semester Curriculum of
Under Graduate Program in Electrical & Electronics Engineering at Raghu
Engineering College.
Faculty Member Head of the department
Mr.M.Srikanth Dr P. Sasi Kiran
Associate Professor Professor

3. Objective :-
An industrialist client is charged a penalty if the plant power factor
drops below 0.85. The equivalent plant loads are as shown in figure
below . The frequency is 60hz.
a.Determine Pt and Qt .
b.Determine what value of capacitance (in microfarads) is required to
bring the power factor upto 0.85.
c.Determine generator current before and after correction.
Principles and methodologies :-
Improving the PF can maximize current-carrying capacity, improve voltage to
equipment, reduce power losses, and lower electric bills. The simplest way
to improve power factor is to add PF correction capacitors to the electrical
system. PF correction capacitors act as reactive current generators.
There are three popular circuit analysis methods. All three produce the same
answer.
 Direct application of the fundamental laws (Ohm's Law and Kirchhoff's
Laws)
 Node Voltage Method
 Mesh Current Method and its close relative, the Loop Current Method

4. The first method, direct application of the fundamental laws, is quick and
works very well for simple circuits. It is not particularly efficient in terms of
the total amount of work required, which becomes important as circuits
become more complicated.
Engineers have come up with two elegant ways to organize and streamline
circuit analysis: the Node Voltage Method and the Mesh Current Method.
These are general-purpose step-by-step recipes to solve a circuit. Both
methods attempt to minimize the number of simultaneous equations. This
efficiency has a big impact as circuit complexity grows (more and more
nodes and branches). The Loop Current Method is a close relative of the
Mesh method, used in certain special cases, as described in that article.
As we study the methods of circuit analysis, our example circuits are made
of only resistors and ideal sources. This keeps the math relatively simple,
allowing us to concentrate on the strategies for solving a circuit.
Necessity of solving the given objective.
There are many necessary conditions to solve the above problem .from that
problems we can solve the powerfactor problems that which is lagging and
from this type of problems we can understand the faults.
From these we can overcome the faults occurring in the system.
We can able to solve many problems arising in ther power generating
stations.by knowing the parameters of the company,
So from thesewe can easily analyse the condition of the plant.in which it is
running.
Average industrial loads include many motors, so the recognized standard is
0.8 lagging power factor. Leading power factor is practically unattainable
with today's loads
The key here is to keep in mind PF will affect the genset's overall output
capability.

5. Problem formulation and Theoretical calculations of
the objective.
According to the given problem
Given data,
Powerfactor=0.85 lagging
Motorload=80kw
Ia(electric furnace)=150A
Resistance(Ra)= 2.4ohms
Reactance(Xa)=3.2ohms
Lighting power =12kw ac voltage = 600V
The power in the furnace == P=I2*R
=150*150*2.4
=54kw
Q= I2*Xa = 150*150*3.2 = 72kvar
ᴓ =cos−1(0.8) = 36.9degrees
The reactive power = Qm = Pm*tan𝜃𝑚 = 80*tan36.9
60kvar
The total power in the equipment =
Pt = 12kw+54kw+80kw
Pt = 146kw
The total reactive power in the equipment is =
Qt = 0+72kvar+60 kvar
Qt =132 kvar

6. b. The value of capacitance required is
𝜃2 = cos−1(0.85) = 31.8
𝜃2 = Pt*tan 𝜃2 =146*tan31.8
= 90.5kvar
C=
𝑄𝑐
𝜔𝑣𝑟𝑚𝑠2
=
41.5∗10∗10∗10
2∗𝑝𝑖∗60∗60
=306uf
C. The Generator current is
Qt =132kvar
b.power triangle of the plant after correction
𝑆𝑡 = 196.8kva
I =
St
𝑣
=
196.8𝑘𝑣𝑎
600𝑣
St = 171.8kva
I =
St
𝑣
=
171.8𝑘𝑣𝑎
600𝑣
= 286A
Therefore
The corrected charge in the power plant is 146kw and 132kvar.
196.8kvar
Pt = 146kvar
Power triangle of the plant
Qt = Pt *tan𝜃
905kw
171.8kw
Pt = 146kw

7. Simulation/Mat Lab Code
Comparison of theoretical and simulation results :-
The voltage across lighting

8. The power across the lighting
The voltage across the electric furnace

9. The current across the furnace
The load across the motor

10. The characteristics of a split phase motor
Summarized observations :-
from the above observations I have observed many things
the voltage across the furnace has been increased and the only real power is
been consumed in the whole circuit and in the motors also there had only a
inductive load across the motor and due to the lagging powerfactor the real
power consumption has taken place in a more. So from these we can
understand that Improving the PF can maximize current-carrying
capacity, improve voltage to equipment, reduce power losses, and
lower electric bills. The simplest way to improve power factor is to
add PF correction capacitors to the electrical system. PF correction capacitors
act as reactive current generators.
CONCLUSION :-
from these project we can understand that Lagging power factor, where
current lags voltage, is normally the case. Power factor is the ratio of kW to
kVA and is typically. 8 or 80% lagging power factor for 3-phase systems and
1.0, or unity power factor, for 1-phase systems. Loads that cause
'leading power factor' can cause some issues.