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Planning an Argument
- 1. Planning an Argument Looking at planning structures and processes
- 2. Our Focus • Being a good writer is about using using consistent structures • Your can’t begin to write if you don’t know what you are writing about • For this reason, we plan.
- 3. The Planning Process • BRAINSTORMING • CATEGORISING • SELECTING • EVIDENCING
- 8. Consider the topic: ‘Chewing gum should be banned’
- 9. Chewing gum should be banned BRAINSTORMING Create two lists: Reasons For Reasons Against In four minutes, brainstorm as many reasons as you can for each
- 10. Chewing gum should be banned Which list is bigger?
- 11. Cats should be banned (example) Reasons for Kill local wildlife Roam the neighborhood without supervision Leave dead mice on doorsteps Destroy carpets and furniture Meow in the morning Upset dogs in the area Natural predators Reasons against Make good pets Friendly Nice to cuddle Not loud Warm Funny to be around Keep mice away Prevent people being lonely Cheap to keep
- 12. Chewing gum should be banned CATEGORISING Look at both lists. Group items into categories. Category- A broad term that encompasses a particular type of information E.g. Health, Finance, Environment, Personal
- 13. Cats should be banned (example) Reasons for Environmental Impact Kill local wildlife Natural predators Upset dogs in the area Human Impact Leave dead mice on doorsteps Destroy carpets and furniture Meow in the morning Accountability Roam the neighborhood without supervision Difficult to contain and track Difficult to identify and report Reasons against Companionship Make good pets Friendly Nice to cuddle Not loud Warm Funny to be around Prevent people being lonely Human Impact Keep mice away Financial Cheap to keep
- 14. Chewing gum should be banned Which list is bigger?
- 15. Chewing gum should be banned SELECTING Choose your best three categories to inform your paragraphs Aim to have the most balanced list with the most choice. This will ultimately make a better argument because you will have more options.
- 16. Cats should be banned (example) Paragraph 1 Environmental Impact Paragraph 2 Human Impact Paragraph 3 Accountability
- 17. Cats should be banned (example) Paragraph 1 Environmental Impact Paragraph 2 Human Impact Paragraph 3 Accountability Evidence 1 Evidence 2 Evidence 2 Evidence 1 Evidence 2 Evidence 3 Evidence 1 Evidence 2 Evidence 3
- 18. Chewing gum should be banned EVIDENCING Choose three pieces of evidence to suit each category
- 19. Cats should be banned (example) Paragraph 1 Environmental Impact Paragraph 2 Human Impact Paragraph 3 Accountability Evidence 1 Evidence 2 Evidence 2 Evidence 1 Evidence 2 Evidence 3 Evidence 1 Evidence 2 Evidence 3 Kill local wildlife Technique: Natural Predators Technique: Upset dogs Technique: Leave dead mice on doorsteps Technique: Destroy carpets and furniture Technique: Meow in the morning Technique: Roam the neighborhood without supervision Technique: Difficult to contain or track Technique: Difficult to identify and report Technique:
- 20. Chewing gum should be banned EVIDENCING Choose a rhetorical technique from our list to reflect each piece of evidence.
- 21. Cats should be banned (example) Paragraph 1 Environmental Impact Paragraph 2 Human Impact Paragraph 3 Accountability Evidence 1 Evidence 2 Evidence 2 Evidence 1 Evidence 2 Evidence 3 Evidence 1 Evidence 2 Evidence 3 Leave dead mice on doorsteps Technique: Metaphor Destroy carpets and furniture Technique: Comparison Meow in the morning Technique: Inclusivity Roam the neighborhood without supervision Technique: Progress Difficult to contain or track Technique: Cause and effect Difficult to identify and report Technique: Nationalism Kill local wildlife Technique: Numerical Evidence Natural Predators Technique: Authority Upset dogs Technique: Metaphor
- 22. Cats should be banned (example) Paragraph 1 Environmental Impact Paragraph 2 Human Impact Paragraph 3 Accountability Evidence 1 Evidence 2 Evidence 2 Evidence 1 Evidence 2 Evidence 3 Evidence 1 Evidence 2 Evidence 3 Cats kill 160-270 million animals annually- a quarter of them are birds Ecologist Tara Pirie suggests that cats outnumber every other natural predator five to one A cat walking down a street turns silence into symphony Opening a door to a morning crime scene is off putting Cats are shown to be one of the most destructive household cats, more so than dogs and birds. None of us want to be woken from our beds by a screeching animal, banning cats will benefit all of our sleep cycles. Local populations of native animals are already showing significant decline, and neglecting to restrict cat population will only escalate the problem. If we can’t have a reliable way to contain and track cat activity, then the current situation cannot be effectively managed. We’re hesitant to dop on our mates, and even if we wanted to, there’s no way to identify a specific cat with its owner for the everyday battler.