Learn about the MRI, the principle and the history behind it. Also, learn about the different types of MRI on the basis of construction and functioning. MRI reports of a healthy human brain are attached as well. Get to know the advancements to be done in MRI machines.

1. Magnetic
Resource
Imaging(MRI
)
Ritisha Gupta
3rd Year, 6th Semester
Registration Number: 161102037
https://assets.nhs.uk/prod/images/S_091
7_mri-scan_M4300196.2e16d0ba.fill-

2. JensMartensson
• MRI shows the detailed 3D
image of the organs and
tissues.
• Uses magnetic fields, radio
waves and a computer by the
polarizing the hydrogen nuclei of
the water molecules present in
the body.
• It is also known as Nuclear
Magnetic Resonance (NMR)
imaging.
• Based on the principles of
NMR
Introduction
2
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tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTt28t1sP4M_ufe2
NviTAlfAL-nLRYcZ4H343eBEtgr7VHkwf6U

3. History
1950
Spin Echoes and free
induction decay
detected
by Erwin Hahn
1971
NMR
Raymond
Damadian reported
that tumors and
normal tissue can
be distinguished in
vivo by Nuclear
Magnetic
Resonance ("NMR")
1972
Magnetic
Resonance
Phenomena
Felix Bloch and
Edward Purcell
independently
discovered the
phenomenon and
were awarded
Nobel Prize.
1973
NMR Gradients
Lauterbur
publishes method
for generating
NMR gradients.
2003
Nobel Prize
Paul Lauterbur and
Sir Peter Mansfield
was awarded Nobel
Prize "for discoveries
concerning magnetic
resonance imaging."
03

4. 4
200
3
Paul Lauterbur and Sir Peter
Mansfield
• Lauterbur was awarded Nobel Prize
for using the concept of spatial
localization using magnetic field
gradients which allowed the rapid
acquisition of 2D images.
• Sir Peter Mansfield was also awarded
Nobel Prize for developing techniques
for efficient gradient utilization and fast
imaging

5. JensMartensson
Concept and Technique
Water
Water present
in an adult is
60%.
Isotopes
To be
added..........
Magnetic Field
Scanner
produces
strong
magnetic fields
to polarize
Hydrogen Ions
Radio-
Frequency
Scanner
produces weak
RF fields to
rotate the
nuclei.
Radio Signal
Collection and MRI
Generation
Radio Signals(with
Radio Antenna)
and Magnetic
fields are
collected from
different angles to
produce 3D
image. page 5
1
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2
.
3
.
4
.
5
.

6. Source: https://www.cs.sfu.ca/~stella/papers/blairthesis/main/node11.html
Principle of MRI
page 6

7. Source:https://www.cs.sfu.ca/~stella/papers/blairthesis/main/node11.html

8. JensMartensson
Types Of MRI
8
Construction
Functions
&
Applications

9. JensMartensson
On the
Basis Of
Constructio
n 9

10. JensMartensson
10
1.Open MRI
http://proechodiagnostics.com/open-mri/

11. JensMartensson
11
2.Extremity
MRI
http://mriandmedicalimaging.blogspot.com/
2013/02/extremities-mri-scanners-exquisite-
fast.html

12. JensMartensson
12
3.3T MRI
https://www.hcmarbella.com/en/servic
es/radiology/3-tesla-mri/

13. JensMartensson
On the Basis
Of
Functions &
Applications
13

14. JensMartensson
 Functional MRI- Mostly used in the brain surgeries
and diseases related to brain.
 Interventional MRI- Used in biopsies of suspected
lesions, to remove tissues non-invasively.
 Cardiac MRI- Used in pericardial diseases,
ventricular disorders.
 Magnetic Resonance Angiography- Used for abdomen,
pelvis, arms, etc.
 Magnetic Resonance Venography- Checks the flow of
blood in veins
 Diffusion MRI- With the help of Diffused Tensor
Imaging (DTI), a brain map can be created showing
the direction of nerve fibres using white matter.
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15. JensMartensson
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16. JensMartensson
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17. JensMartensson
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18. JensMartensson
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19. JensMartensson
• An MRI can be used to detect the method of disease
throughout the body, defining the brain anatomy, problems
associated with the vertebrae or inter-vertebral discs of the
spine, etc.
• MRI can be done of various organs like chest, heart, spine,
brain etc.
• But the patients having any metallic materials within the body
like pacemaker of heart, metallic chips, surgical chips,
prosthetic devices, metallic bone plates etc cannot undergo
this technique.
• The patients with any history of claustrophobia are also not
allowed to undergo the MRI.
CONCLUSION:

20. JensMartensson
• https://www.thoughtco.com/magnetic-resonance-imaging-mri-1992133
• https://www.medicinenet.com/mri_scan/article.htm#how_do_i_prepare_for_an_mri_how_is_i
t_performed
• https://www.itnonline.com/article/recent-advances-mri-technology
• http://www.hypres.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/HYPRES_The-Future-of-MRI_2015.pdf
• https://cfmi.georgetown.edu/downloads/training/2/MRI-basics.pdf
https://www.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/jmrs.226#references-section
• https://www.cis.rit.edu/htbooks/mri/inside.htm
• https://www.researchgate.net/publication/259922846_Introduction_to_the_Basics_of_Magne
tic_Resonance_Imaging
• https://www.cs.sfu.ca/~stella/papers/blairthesis/main/node11.html#SECTION0032000000000
0000000
References:
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21. Ritisha
Gupta
ritishagupta9719@gmail.co
m
Thank
You