2. INTRODUCTION:-
•Raynaud’s is a rare disorder that affects the arteries.
•Raynaud’s is also called a disease, syndrome, or phenomenon.
•Vasospasm which is a narrowing of the blood vessels.
•Vasospasm of the arteries reduces blood flow to the fingers and
toes, it may also occurs at the tip of ears and nose.
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6. • Cold temperature.
• Stress
• Blood vessels in spasm
• Sclerodema ( hardening and tightening of the skin
and connective tissues.)
• Rheumatoid arthritis (chronic inflammatory in
joints).
• Disease of the arteries
• Carpal tunnel syndrome(median nerve
compression).
9. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY:-
Due to etiological factors
Small arteries of fingers vasospasm
Become pal and low o2 supply
Arteries dilated
Blood flow increase high O2 supply
Colour change to bright red
Raynaud’s disease
10. CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS:-
• Arteries narrow
• No blood supply
• Pale skin or white or blue
• Numbness
• Painful
• Blood flow back to the affected area
11. DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATIONS:-
• Cold stimulation test (placing your fingers in an ice water
bath to find out if you have Raynaud's syndrome)
• Nailfold capillaroscopy (tell the difference between
primary and secondary Raynaud's. Uses a microscope or
magnifier to look for anything unusual on the skin at the
base of a fingernail.)
• Antinuclear antibody ( immune system is mistakenly
attacking body tissue)
• ESR
• CRP C- creative protein
