The document discusses the female reproductive system including the ovaries, oviducts, uterus, vagina, and mammary glands. It describes gametogenesis and spermatogenesis in males. The menstrual cycle is explained as occurring approximately every 28 days and consisting of the menstrual, follicular, ovulatory, and luteal phases. Fertilization and implantation are summarized followed by descriptions of pregnancy, embryonic development, parturition, and lactation.

1. RALLI INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL

3. Female Reproductive System

4. Female Reproductive System

5. Female Reproductive System

6. Female Gonad - Ovaries

7. Accessory Ducts – Oviduct, Uterus, Vagina

8. Uterus/Womb & Vagina

9. External Genitalia

10. Mammary Glands

11. Gametogenesis

12. Spermatogenesis

13. Spermatogenesis

14. Spermatogenesis

15. Spermatogenesis & Hormones

16. Spermatogenesis & Hormones

17. MENSTRUAL CYCLE
• Reproductive
cycle in the
female primates
(e.g. monkeys,
apes and human
beings) is called
menstrual cycle.
• First
menstruation
begins at
puberty and is
called menarche
• Repeated at an
average interval
of about 28/29
days

18. MENSTRUAL CYCLE
Menstrual
Cycle
Menstrual
Phase
Follicular
Phase
Ovulatory
Phase
Luteal
Phase
• Lasts for 3-5
days.
• Tissue of
Endometrial
lining of
uterus
disintegrates
– cause
bleeding
• Unfertilised
egg and soft
tissues
discharged
• Lasts for 10-
14 days.
• Primary
follicles grow
and become
Graafian
follicle.
• Endometrium
regenerated
due to
secretion of
LH & FSH
• Lasts for 48
hours.
• LH surge
induces
rupture of
Graafian
follicle
leading to
ovulation.
• Lasts for 1
day
• Ruptured
follicle
changes into
corpus
luteum
• If ovum is not
fertilised it
degenerates
leading to
menstruation

19. FERTILISATION AND IMPLANTATION

20. FERTILISATION AND IMPLANTATION

21. FERTILISATION AND IMPLANTATION

22. Spermatogenesis & Hormones

23. Structure of Sperm
• It is a microscopic structure
composed of a head, neck, a
middle piece and a tail
• A plasma membrane envelops the
whole body of sperm.

24. Oogenesis
• Process of formation of a mature female gamete (haploid ovum from
diploid oogonia cells in ovary) is called oogenesis

25. Oogenesis
Tertiary
follicles
Secondary
Oocyte

26. Development of Follicles

27. Oogenesis

28. FERTILISATION AND IMPLANTATION

29. Pregnancy And Embryonic Development

30. Pregnancy And Embryonic Development

31. PARTURITION

32. LACTATION