Seminar ppt on Vactrains by Punit Chainwal.

1. Vactrain
A vacuum tunnel technology for trains.
College: N.I.T. Srinagar
Name: Punit Chainwal
Branch: Mechanical
Sem: 6th

2. What is Vactrain?
 Vactrain or Vacuum Tube Train is a
proposed design for very high speed train
transportation.
 Vactrain is involving the use of Magnetic
Levitation Trains in an evacuated tunnel.
 The idea is to travel very large distance in a
very short time.
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3. Tracks for Vactrain
 Over the Bridge
 Underground
(Swiss Metro)
 Under the Ocean
(Transatlantic Tunnel)
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4. Submerged Floating
Tunnels
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5. Material for Underwater Tunnels
Tether
Cables Stainles
s Steel
Concrete
Tunnel
Interior
Fig : Left: Anchored Tethers, Attached to the base of sea.
Right: Foam Coated Gasket tube cross-section.
Super
Buoyant
Foam
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6. Aerodynamic Drag
 It is resistance to motion due to air.
 Aerodynamic drag is much more in a tunnel
than in open air.
 In tunnels it includes pressure waves, which
propagate through the tunnel with the speed
of sound.
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7. Creating and Maintaining
Vacuum
Two basic things need to be done.
1) Removal of matter from the tube:
 Air needs to be pumped out using vacuum
pumps.
 For molecule near tunnel walls, use heating at
temperature 300oC about 30 days each.
2) Prevention of leakage:
Robert Salter’s solution: Automatic doors in
tunnel that isolate the leaky area.
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8. Effect of High Speed on Human
Body
 The human body can tolerate any speed in the
earth or space.
 What matters is, the time taken to reach that
speed, i.e. ‘The Acceleration’.
 This is also shown by Newton’s second law of
motion which states that-
F = m a
 Thus, more the acceleration more the force
acting on the body.
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9. G-Force
 It is the measure of the net effect of the
acceleration that a body experiences and the
acceleration that gravity is trying to impart to it.
 It comes in role when we travel at very high
speed.
 A person feeling a force of 4gs feels 4 times as
heavy as his normal weight
Fig: Direction of G-Forces on human body
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10. Fig: Effect of G force on the human
body.
Effect of G Forces
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11. How to Eliminate G forces
 To make New York to London trip in under an
hour, the average speed of the Vactrain is
estimated at 5000 miles/hour (or 8045 km/hr).
 Straight Line Path to eliminate lateral and
vertical G-forces.
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12. Calculation for G
Force
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 The G-force experienced in the first five
minutes:-
a=0.76G
 In the case of a very sudden change of
velocity, due to failure or emergency break
in the train, assuming go from top speed to
zero in 5 seconds:-
a= 45.606G
 A research team led by Colonel Stapp
shows that the human body is capable of
surviving G’s in this range.

13. Advantages
 Eliminate aerodynamic drag to attain speed
approximately 5000mph.
 Low power consumption.
 It will take Maglev trains and High speed trains to the
next level.
 If built underground, no land use issues.
 Totally weather-proof, Little noise and no pollution.
 It will reduce dependency on the airplane to travel
between continents.
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14. Disadvantages
 Initial Cost is very high
(for Transatlantic Tunnel estimated cost is
$175 billion to $12 trillion).
 Earthquake is a big challenge for
Underground Vactrains.
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15. Conclusion
 If the Vactrain becomes a reality, it will lead
to the most superior mode of transport at
present, namely aircrafts.
 Vactrain could possibly be the next big step
in the import export systems between two
countries.
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