Bim for facility management

BIM & Management and Maintenance
Omar Selim

Facility Lifecycle Costs
20-35%
50-70%
10-25%

Facility Lifecycle View
Courtesy of Kurt Maldovan – Jacobs

BIM FOR FM
FACILITY
MANAGEMENT
SPACE
MANAGEMENT
STRATEGIC
PLANNING
ASSET
MANAGEMENT
BUILDING
SYSTEM
ANALYSIS
PREVENTIVE
MAINTENANCE
Why BIM ,,Benefits of BIM,,

Problems with Current Practice - continued
• Cost and time needed to develop input for CMMS and CAFM files (normally around $1-$3 per gross SF, takes significant time
after startup
• Cost and time needed to refer to paper files when FM problems occur
• Poorer building and equipment performance (lack of adequate data for preventive maintenance)

Problems with Current FM Practice
Use of paper-based files for building and
equipment information (hard to file & access),
quickly outdated often inaccurate

Background
Business Function
o Lower operating costs & manage life-cycle costs
o Optimize performance, maintain environment quality
o Enhance productivity by generating cost savings
while adding strategic value to the organization
Success of a FM team
o Making informed decisions
o Availability of accurate and up to date information
o Knowledge of the current operations
Inefficiencies caused by
o Numerous channels, networks, levels, and formats of communication
o Absence of a well-integrated information management system
o Late involvement of the FM at the front end
o Lack of documentation of FM needs based on daily processes

$4.8 billion for information verification and validation
$613 million to transfer the data to a single usable
communication format
$6.9 billion on interoperability
$1.5
billion on information delays and 'idle-time' of employees
due to the unavailability of 'as-is' information
Gallaher, M. P., Connor, A. C., Dettbarn, J. L., & Gilday, L. T. (2004), Cost Analysis of Inadequate
Interoperability in the U . S . Capital Facilities Industry, National Institute of Standards and
Technology Gaithersburg, Maryland.

Benefits of CAFM usage in FM tasks can be organized into quality of life, cost reduction, cost avoidance, and
information improvement. Typical benefits include the following:
● More efficient space utilization to achieve cost savings and potential reduction in asset inventories.
● Reduced moving and relocation activities resulting in greatly reduced relocation costs.
● Continuous improvement in FM efficiencies.
● Improved project planning leading to reductions in architectural and engineering, construction, and building
maintenance costs.
● Fast and accurate reporting on critical facilities information.
● Existing processes will become more efficient and streamlined, using standardized data that is shared across the
enterprise.
● CAFM will give facilities managers the tools necessary to become more proactive instead of reactive to facilities'
requirements and enable better decision making.
● Improve safety and environmental planning capabilities, reducing risk from accident and regulatory compliance
violations.
● Disaster planning capabilities are significantly improved to reduce the potential for human injury or death in a
disaster as well as to improve those planning capabilities required for operational recovery.
● Data standardization across the organization and the elimination of redundant information held by multiple
organizations in various degrees of quality and accuracy.
●

Benefits During the Life of the Building
There are very significant cost benefits that could result from an integrated system providing accurate and complete
information, including the following:
• Improved workforce efficiency because of the availability of better information when it is needed (in the office or
field) rather than requiring FM staff to spend time looking up information on drawings, equipment documents, and
other paper records.
• Reduced cost of utilities (energy and water) because of improved maintenance data that support better preventive
maintenance planning and procedures. Building mechanical equipment will operate much more efficiently when
properly maintained.
• Reduction in equipment failures that cause emergency repairs and negatively impact tenants.
• Improved inventory management of parts and supplies and better tracking of asset and equipment histories.
• Longer equipment lives supported by the more extensive use of PM
• (Links to an external site.)
• rather than breakdown maintenance. This reduces the cost of equipment replacement in the same way that proper
auto maintenance extends an auto’s life and provides more reliable service.

The FM-data Vision
Foster, B. (2012), Transitions to Operations, BIMForum Tacoma, Seattle, Retrieved from
http://bimforum.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Transition-to-Operations.pdf on December 12, 2012

By using a shared information management and simulation system like
BIM, it is hoped that these problems can be mitigated. However, in order to marry
the technical and organizational processes into an accurate database
management system, the attributes of the information that is required
must first be addressed.
SYSTEM
People
Data
BIM
Process
The FM-BIM Vision

‘Throughout the processes of conceptual design to facility handover, a lot of data is
created; however, not all of it is useful in the later stages’ (Yu 1998)
BIM + FM – combining the data
Executive
Manager
Technician
What information is needed by the
Owner at the levels of -
How does this information impacts or is
impacted by the
Communication
Network
What is the information that a Facility Manager/Technician needs
and how they need it at the moment of decision?

Similar to other advanced technology facilities, healthcare architecture is a myriad of critical systems
(including medical gases, chemicals, radioactive elements), structures, hazardous wastes, environmental
conditions, risk and safety factors.
Owners of healthcare facilities typically tend to own, operate and maintain their facilities and are usually fast to
get on board with the use of advanced project delivery techniques for the design, construction and
maintenance of their complex projects (Lavy 2010).
The dependency of human lives on the skilled staff (doctors, nurses and specialists) and the infrastructure
systems that support daily operations makes the services critical in nature mandating dedicated research.
Additionally, a healthcare facility supports large numbers of people (patients, doctors, staff, and visitors),
numerous medical equipments, and a fast developing technology.
The decisions made up front affect the medical outcomes, capital expenditures and operational
expenditures.
Why Healthcare?

Phase 1: JOB-SHADOW
• Will utilize the “Information Model” to structure questions for
person being shadowed/observed.
• Will also develop a communication model identifying the
attributes of information exchange between people.
Phase 2: PROCESS MODELING
• Develop Process models for the cases studied.
• Identify patterns
• Develop a proposed framework based on the cases.
Phase 3: FOCUS GROUPS
• Meet with Focus groups within healthcare
(design/construction/procurement/operations) to identify
specific needs that can refine the framework.
Phase 4: VALIDATION
1. Study the current process in an existing Healthcare
facility to identify patterns of data usage and information
exchange.
2. Identify information needs of the end user - when
they need it, the way they need it and why they need it.
(Decision support)
3. Develop a method for transition of information from
Design and Construction to Operations. (Re-evaluate
data handover methods)
4. Develop a method for O&M knowledge feedback to
the previous phases of the Lifecycle.
Objectives Methods

Information Model
Maintenance Activities
(Routine/Preventive/Unsch
eduled)
UNDERLYING GOALS to be IDENTIFIED
Needs / Requirements
(in an ideal process)
Actions taken
(in the current process)
Results
(of the current process)
PHA
SES
Investigation
(for a Work Order)
What - info. required What - action taken for finding the info? Other
departments consulted/affected
How - format (digital, paper, 2D, 3D,
CAD, BIM)
Why?
Time taken -
Where - location of data (folder structure,
hard drive, CD’s, room)
Execution
(Repair/Maintenanc
e)
Was the problem solved? If NO, then
answer the following -
Y/N What - action taken to solve/mitigate the
problem? (prioritize)
Does it solve the problem or more information
is required?
What - info. was missing Why?
What - extra info. required Time taken -
How - format it is needed (digital, paper,
2D, 3D, CAD, BIM)
Why?
Close-out
What - data is entered back
into the system?
Why? What - people or departments
is this info critical for?
Why?
What - format in which the
data is updated?
Does it solve more than one
problem?
Y/N
What - Data required / Data Collection Why - Contextual Information How - Method of Collection / User Interface

Maintenance Activities
(Routine/Preventive/Unsch
eduled)
PURPOSE UNDERLYING GOALS to be IDENTIFIED
Needs / Requirements
(in an ideal process)
Actions taken
(in the current process)
Results
(of the current process)
PHA
SES
Investigation
(for a Work Order)
Availability of the information Link to communication model
Level of Detail
Accessibility of the information
Execution
(Repair/Maintenanc
e)
Identify gaps in the process Process Mapping Identify gaps in the process
Availability of the information
Availability of the information
Representation of information and issues related
to format
Identifying BIM vs non-BIM information
Close-out
Process Mapping Process Mapping
Link to communication model
Representation of information
Link to communication model
Process Mapping

Final Goal
The end goal is to develop
a visual framework
for the information
collection, which can
be stored in an
interactive data
management
system.

Planning Design Construction Operations Sustainment
Support All Stakeholders in Facility Lifecycle
Photo courtesy of Dennis R. Shelden, Ph.D., Chief Technology Officer, Gehry
Technologies. The picture is of the Disney Conference Hall, designed by Frank Gehry.
External
Design
&
Facilities
Owner
Construction
Banker Realtor Appraiser Risk / Ins Special Sup Manuf. Inspector Maint. Ctr. Remodel Responders
Geospatial Environ Planner Civil Architect Engineers Contractor Subs
Fac Mgr MSDS Mgr Owners Rep Hand Off Team Ops Eng
BOD CEO CFO CIO Legal Conts Personnel Occupant Space Mgr Portfolio Graphics Comm. Security Network

BIM DELIVERABLES
INTEGRATION WITH FM TOOLS

The Value of BIM for Owners:
Save Time and Money During the Building Lifecycle

The cost to owners
Owner’s burden is about 2/3 of those
costs during ongoing operations.
Poor use of data coupled with highly fragmented teams cost the US
capital facilities industry $15.8 billion annually1
$15.8
billion
annually

© 2014 Autodesk
Problems owners face
30% of
construction
cost is rework2
Over 60% of major capital
programs fail to meet cost
and schedule targets1
55% of
maintenance
remains reactive3

A foundational, intelligent model-based process for business and
industry transformation
Building Information Modeling (BIM)
Uses 3D models to
capture, explore, and
maintain consistent
and coordinated
planning, design,
construction, and
operational data
Provides greater
project insight for
cost, schedule, and
constructability
Uses and shares the
same consistent data
whether you’re at
your desk or in the
field
Enables prompt
response to change
with processes that
are smarter and
faster

© 2014 Autodesk
Using BIM, owners can:
▪ Improve building quality
▪ Significantly reduce building
lifecycle costs
▪ Better understand design
projects from beginning to end
▪ Optimize operational efficiencies
▪ Increase occupancy and use
rates
BIM empowers owners
Transparency
Efficiency
Quality
BIM

Top BIM benefits for owners
Reduced document errors and omissions
Reduced rework
Reduced construction cost
Reduce project duration
Fewer claims/litigation
Top internal business benefits of using BIM for construction projects
for owners

How BIM saves owners’ time and
money
throughout the building lifecycle
Design Construction Management

BIM saves time and money in the design phase
Area
Conceptual design
Sustainable
building design
Create a building model and complete set of designs documents in an integrated database,
where everything is interconnected and there is real-time self-coordination of information
Description Example
Quickly iterate on design elements
including building form,
sustainability, client requests,
municipal regulations, budget, and
more.
Conduct analyses and simulation
The Beck Group created 100 visualizations for a church
in Seoul and adjusted the shape of the building to
appear curved, but with flat glass, saving over $1
million on glazing and mullions, and 1,000 hours of
design time
Complete energy analysis early in
the design stage to reduce ongoing
energy consumption
Using BIM to evaluate design scenarios for energy
savings, NASA’s 50,000’ building in Silicon Valley
yielded features such as a steel-frame exoskeleton,
geothermal wells, natural ventilation, wastewater
treatment, and a photovoltaic roof that will provide 30%
of the building’s power
Design Documentation

BIM saves time and money in the construction phase
Area Description Example
General construction
Pre-fabrication,
modular construction
▪ Links project planning to construction
planning and simulation, as well as
visualization during construction and
digital fabrication
▪ Enhances project communication and
collaboration among teams
▪ Create more accurate cost estimates
▪ Deliver more projects on time and
within budget
Contractor Robins and Morton used BIM to
design and construct an Augusta, Maine
hospital. Due to greater collaboration, the
project was completed ten months ahead of
schedule and returned approximately US$20
million in value-added savings.
▪ Extract information from BIM to
pre-fabricate building components to
improve project schedule, reduce
cost, improve site safety, and produce
greener construction practices by
reducing material waste
J.C. Cannistraro used BIM and pre-fabrication
to upgrade the central utility plant for
University of Massachusetts's Boston campus
helping to minimize installation time of a new
HVAC system and hangers

BIM saves time and money in the management phase
Area Description Examples
Lifecycle costs ▪ Reuse building models and data to
better manage facility operations
▪ Analyze data-rich models to optimize
resources and reduce waste and
lower lifetime maintenance and
operation costs
▪ Use intelligent 3D models to help
manage space and perform spatial
validation for tenant chargebacks
▪ Shanghai Tower Construction &
Development Co. Ltd. used BIM not only to
design and build, but also to inform
operations of their super high-rise tower.
STC&D plans to use BIM for emergency
and property management going forward.
▪ The Government Services Administration
(GSA) is creating a database of its 3D
models to inform O&M and future projects.
Additional software leveraging the 3D
models will use its data for security,
updates, analysis, and reporting.
[We plan to] “extend the value of BIM to help our facility management staff plan
efficiently and manage the building scientifically.”
—Jianping Gu, Director and General Manager of STC&D

Adoption is increasing through mandates,
smart building initiatives, and owner
edicts—creating a BIM tidal wave
▪ 44% of owners predict they will
be at very high level of BIM
implementation by 2014
▪ BIM usage is increasing across
the board
Percentage of owners using BIM on
more than 60% of their projects1

Customer ROI on BIM
Australia-wide adoption of
BIM/VDC across the supply
chain could enhance industry
productivity by up to
9 percent … ROI for BIM
implementation has been
reported as high as
500 percent.
U.S.-based Holder
Construction Group
calculated that based on
direct collision detection
savings, their return
on BIM has been
three to five times
direct BIM cost.
On a U.S. GSA federal
building renovation in
Portland, Oregon, the
integrated project delivery
team estimated that the use
of BIM for coordination
helped generate an
approximately
300 percent ROI.

The future of the building lifecycle
The relationship between digital systems and connected physical
things will only increase and strengthen
BIM empowers owners to capitalize
on the Era of Connection
▪ Compare design and construction
alternatives in context
▪ Leverage the Internet of Things for
ongoing operations
▪ Use BIM-enabled efficiencies and
capabilities as a new baseline for
owners

BIM FOR FM
A building’s operating cost over its life cycle is on
average approximately 80% of the total initial cost
to build and far outweighs the initial 20%
investment to construct it.
OPERATING
COST
80%
20%
INITIAL
CONSTRUCTION
COST

BIM FOR FM
At present, Owners utilize either a CMMS
(Computer Maintenance Management Systems) or
CAFM (Computer Aided Facilities Management)
systems to input information from paper
documents into digital files manually by the FM.

BIM FOR FM
Inputting, verifying and updating information in the FM
system is a costly and time-consuming process. The
explicit information about the building would be
manually input by a facility manager, which can lead to
duplication of workload, implying poor data storage in
the information system.

BIM FOR FM
BIM will provide a fully populated asset data set into
CAFM systems and will reduce the time wasted in
obtaining and populating asset information, which will
enable achievement of optimum performance much more
quickly and reduce running costs.

BIM FOR FM
Integrating BIM with FM will allow key data of
spaces, equipment, systems, finishes and zones
to name a few to be captured from BIM and does
not have to be re-entered into a downstream FM
system.

Preventative Maintenance Scheduling
- Tracking and maintaining lifecycle information about the building structure (wall,
floors, roof, etc.) as well as the equipment serving the building (mechanical, electrical,
plumbing, etc.) to plan and schedule a program of maintenance activities that will
improve building performance, reduce repairs, and reduce overall maintenance
costs.[Asset management, control and maintenance of equipments] Gestion du
patrimoine, pilotage et maintenance des équipements.
Asset Management
- Linking data in a BIM record model to a database of building assets to assist in
efficiently maintaining and operating the facility. These assets often include the
building elements, systems, and equipment that must be maintained and operated
efficiently to satisfy the facility users’ requirements in a cost effective way.

Facility Data that Could Be Included in BIM
▪ Planning scenarios and site information
▪ Architectural Program
▪ Floor plans
▪ Space Functions
▪ Classified areas, vaults etc.
▪ Area calculations
▪ Specifications
▪ Contract documents
▪ Legal description
▪ Change orders
▪ Supporting documentation for litigation
▪ Shop drawings
▪ Procurement documents
▪ Progress photographs
▪ Alarm diagrams
▪ Warranty data
▪ Cost Estimates
▪ Invoices
▪ Purchases requests
▪ Organizational occupants
▪ Personnel lists
▪ Seating plans
▪ Handicap designation
▪ Network diagrams
▪ Hazardous materials
▪ Operating manuals
▪ Maintenance records
▪ Inspection records
▪ Electronic 3d model
▪ Simulations
▪ Continuation of operations plan
▪ Disaster Recovery Plans
▪ Contingency plans
▪ Furniture inventory

2-1) Exchange Formats :
• IFC
• gbxml
2-2) Delivering Formats :
• COBie
• .xls
• .xlsx
• .csv
2-3) Annotations Format :
• BCF
2)The formats:

Construction Operations
Building Information
Exchange (COBIE)

Construction Operations Building
Information Exchange
(COBie)
What is it?
What COBie is not
What is Included
Value of COBie How
to Get Started

What is COBie?
Design and
Construction
Data
Facility
Management
A standard method of exchanging information that
drives down cost (paraphrased statement from Bill Brodt)
COBie
http://thelinkbetween.wordpress.com/2011/02/16/bridge-building/

➢ Strategy and Objectives of Handover COBie Process
----BIM Status – 01/02/2018
COBie Definition
Construction Operations Building Information Exchange (COBie) is a non-proprietary
data format for the publication of a subset of building information models (BIM) focused
on delivering asset data as distinct from geometric information.
COBie
Tabs

----BIM Status – 01/02/2018
COBie List
Facility
Floor
Space
Componen
t
Type
Contacts
Attributes
Coordinates
Documents
Resource
Job
Spare

----BIM Status – 01/02/2018
COBie simple rules
S
o
f t
w
a r
e
Required Data Fields
Names
must be
unique
Required Tabs
YELLOW Tabs
Left of Purple Fields
Right of Purple Fields
Client Specified
Client
Specified

----BIM Status – 01/02/2018
Collaboration Procedures
2.Files
Location

----BIM Status – 01/02/2018
Collaboration Procedures
3.Meeting
Procedure
Bi-Weekl
y
Weekl
y
Weekl
y
CCC
MMS
PMC CCC PMC
S/Cs
Requirements& Verifications Coordination& revise
data
WIP &
Instruction
1 3
2

----BIM Status – 01/02/2018
Project Stages
Stage I
Stage II
Stage III

----BIM Status – 01/02/2018
Responsibility Matrix

----BIM Status – 01/02/2018
Data Collection
Facility
Floor
Space
Componen
t
Type
Contacts
Attributes
Coordinates
Documents
Resource
Job
Spare
BIM Data
Non-BIM Data
As per AMCS

----BIM Status – 01/02/2018
Data Collection – BIM Data As per AMCS
Asset Management
Codification
Standard
3.4.4 Information Level
of Detail Guidelines
3.4.4 Information Level
of Detail Catalogue
3.1 M010-MSI-ENG-05
-TMP-30810
3.1 M010-MSI-ENG-05-
SPE-30805
Unified
Maintainable
Asset_Item list
M010-MSI-ENG-05-TMP-
30810_4.2.4_MMS_ONT
3.4.5 COBie Reference
Shall follow the below manuals to implement the data requirements in models

----BIM Status – 01/02/2018
MMS Requirements
Data Collection – BIM Data

----BIM Status – 01/02/2018
Requirements
Room/Space Numbers,
Sequence Numbers
Appendix A.4
1. Level Code (E, D, C, B, A, 0, 1, 2, … etc) Table20
2. Rom/Space type code and Description Table24 , Table21
3. Sequence Number (1, 2, 3, 4, …..) Table22
0-L01
Description : Lobby

----BIM Status – 01/02/2018
MMS Requirements
Determine the LOD of
itmes
- 3.5.1 Stations Model Content
- 3.4.2 Element Level of Detail Catalogue

----BIM Status – 01/02/2018
Requirements
Unified Maintainable Asset Item list
Check the Items is
Maintainable/Asset
?

----BIM Status – 01/02/2018
MMS Requirements
AMCS Ch. 9.2.1 table 2
Determine the
Location Code
Format of items
Network Code : M used by
MMS
M

----BIM Status – 01/02/2018
MMS Requirements
Determine the
Location Code
Format of items
Location Group Code : 01 used by MMS M.01

----BIM Status – 01/02/2018
MMS Requirements
Ch. 9.2.1 table 2
Determine the
Location Code
Format of items
Facility Code : UCST0000 (MUS), UCST0010 (EDU)
used in COBie sheet
M.01 UCST000

----BIM Status – 01/02/2018
MMS Requirements
Determine the
Location Code
Format of items
Room/Space Code : used in COBie sheet M.01 UCST000 0.L01

----BIM Status – 01/02/2018
MMS Requirements
Determine the
Location Code
Format of Items
Equipment Level Code : used in COBie sheet M.01 UCST000 0.L01 ARC.BOH.Door01

----BIM Status – 01/02/2018
MMS Requirements
ILOD (3.4.3 Information Level of Detail Catalogue)
Determine the Items
Attributes
Requirements

----BIM Status – 01/02/2018
MMS Requirements
ILOD (3.4.4 Information Level of Detail Guidelines)
Table 3-1
Mapping of iLOD
Attributes Across
COBie Sheet Tabs

----BIM Status – 01/02/2018
MMS Requirements
Table 3-1
Mapping of iLOD
Attributes Across
COBie Sheet Tabs
Mapping the required data across the
Type tab in COBie sheet

----BIM Status – 01/02/2018
MMS Requirements
Table 3-1
Mapping of iLOD
Attributes Across
COBie Sheet Tabs
Mapping the required data across the
Component tab in COBie sheet

----BIM Status – 01/02/2018
MMS Requirements
Table 3-1
Mapping of iLOD
Attributes Across
COBie Sheet Tabs
Mapping the required data across the Attribute
tab in COBie sheet

----BIM Status – 01/02/2018
MMS Requirements
Table 3-1
Mapping of iLOD
Attributes Across
COBie Sheet Tabs
Mapping the required data across the Document
tab in COBie sheet

----BIM Status – 01/02/2018
MMS Requirements
implement the data requirements in models
Room/Space
Number LOD
Location Code
Format
Maintainable /Asset
Items Attributes
Requirements
iLOD
Mapping of iLOD Attributes
Across COBie Sheet Tabs
BIM Model
COBie Sheet

----BIM Status – 01/02/2018
Facility
Floor
Space
Componen
t
Type
Contacts
Attributes
Coordinates
Documents
Resource
Job
Spare
BIM Data
Non-BIM Data
As per AMCS
Data Collection – Non-BIM Data As per AMCS

----BIM Status – 01/02/2018
MMS Requirements
Data Collection – Non-BIM Data As per AMCS Resource
Job
01. Type
Name
02. Maintenance
Schedule
03. A Job Plan shall be assigned for
each period of maintenance
(Weekly, Monthly, yearly)
05. Break Down the job plan per
tasks, duration and frequency
04. Job plan name shall be
unique name and subject to the
AMCS
06. Resources to be identifed for
each job plan (Tools, Labours and
Materials)

----BIM Status – 01/02/2018
MMS Requirements
Job

----BIM Status – 01/02/2018
MMS Requirements
Resource

----BIM Status – 01/02/2018
MMS Requirements
Spare
01. Type
Name
02. S/Cs to provide
spare part list as per
Suppliers
03. Sort out the name, part number
and Qty. of the part
05. Provide contact’s data of
suppliers
04.Provied code for each part as
per AMCS (Unique sequence
number)

----BIM Status –
MMS Requirements
Data Collection – Non-BIM Data As per AMCS Spare

Facility
Floor
Systems
Space
Contacts
Zones
Coordinates
Documents Attributes
Issues Connections
common
Job
Resource
Spare
build
Type
(parts/warranty)
Component
(serial number)
design
17-Mar-10 ERDC 2010 (c)
102
COBie2
COBie is Structured to Import Non-spatial Data into CMMS/CAFM/GIS

What is Included in COBie
Closeout
submittals, O&M
manuals, product
data
Preventive
maintenance
procedures
Spare part
information
Asset data
Number and
names of
floors
Room
numbers and
names
Occupancy
classification
Contact
information

How to Get Started (1)
1. Determine what data is important
Buy in from both sides of the process is critical to success

2. Determine what level of detail about the
data to collect
COBie standard defines the column names
COBie
standard
does not
define
content
of rows

Construction Operations Building information exchange
(COBie)
• COBie is a means of sharing, predominantly non-graphical, data about a facility. It was developed in America and will need to be
adapted for use in the UK and in Infrastructure. It is a non-proprietary format based on a spreadsheet so it can be managed by
organisations of any size at any level of IT capability but can be linked to other systems and software.
• COBie transfers information to owner/occupier to manage their assets efficiently. It documents the asset in 16 linked spreadsheets.
• COBie will be adopted as the standard means of reporting data from a BIM. Reporting at specific stages is referred to as a ‘COBie
data drop’.

Construction Operations Building Information Exchange (COBie) adds
Tabular Information to BIM
• Capture tabular data needed by the owner as it is created by
– Designers
– Constructors
– Commissioning Agents
• Industry participation
– BIM vendors now export to COBIE
– CMMS/CAFM vendors import COBIE
• Some of the COBie data
belongs in GIS
• GIS Asset tables need to
store a sufficient level of
detail

COBie drops
4
3
2
1
Drop
Handover
Tender documentation
End of design
development
End of design
brief
Did I get what I
asked for?
Data to manage my
asset effectively.
Has anything changed?
Has designed been
over value engineered?
Has anything
changed?
What is being priced
by main contractors?
Does the brief meet my
requirements in terms
of function, cost and
carbon
Key client
benefits
O&M Data
handover,
Actual costs,
Actual programme,
Actual carbon
performance
Package scope check,
Cost checks,
Carbon checks
Check against:
Project brief,
Cost planning,
Tender
Transparency,
Environmental checks
Check against:
Client’s brief
Cost planning
Risk
Management
Use

BIM FOR FM - COBie
Construction Operations Building Information
Exchange (COBie) is an international standard
that delivers managed asset information and
improves the exchange of maintenance
information.

BIM FOR FM - COBie
The COBie specification defines the information
about handover requirements which includes the
physical materials, products and equipment,
equipment locations, serial numbers, warranties, and
spare parts lists.

BIM FOR FM - COBie
The COBie delivers consistent and structured asset information useful to the
owner-operator for post –occupancy decision making. It can be considered as a
vehicle for sharing predominantly non-graphic data about a facility and through
being a non-proprietary format based on a multiple page spread sheet.

BIM FOR FM - COBie
The COBie approach consists of all the project
stakeholders capturing facility data gradually during key
project stages known as data drops and then exporting
and importing this data through a central database to
encourage an open format approach, not just at handover
but through the entire project lifecycle.

BIM FOR FM - COBie
There are four ways to create and update the delivery of COBie
and these consist of:
-Manually entering data in the COBie spreadsheets
-Extracting BIM attribute data into a COBie compliant file
-Direct use of COBie compliant software
-Exporting an IFC file with correctly structured property sets

20-Apr-08
Engineer Reseach and
Development Center
125
COBie
the Construction Operations Building Information Exchange format
where is COBie required?
▪ designer deliverable
▪ construction handover specification
▪ construction commissioning specs
capture data as you go
▪ design
▪ construction
▪ commissioning
easy to use
▪ spreadsheet
▪ each party adds only their part

20-Apr-08
Development Center
126
Facility Identification of facility(ies) referenced in a file
Floor Description of vertical levels
Space Spaces referenced in a project
Zone Functional group of spaces
Type Register Material/equipment/etc. catalog and submittal register
Component Individually named materials and equipment
System Functional group of components
what data do designers add?

start with identifying who is entering data
20-Apr-08
Development Center
127
Yellow:
Required data
Green:
Optional Fields
(see contract specs)
Purple:
Required to track
interoperability.

enter name of facility
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128

identify floors, roof, and site work
20-Apr-08
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129

enter spaces into worksheet
20-Apr-08
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130

list major building systems and zones
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20-Apr-08
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132
Type Register Product data, submittals, warranties,
Component Serial numbers, installation dates, tags and barcodes
Spares Details of spares and spare sets
Resources Skills, tools and materials needed
Jobs PM, start-up, shut-down job steps
Documents Submittal documents etc
what data do contractors add?

import designer’s type and submittal register
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load data from schedules into ‘components’ worksheet
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Attributes Settings, measurements and configurations
Documents Logs and records, installation photos
Issues Remaining issues and hazards
Connections Confirm connections between plant systems and components
what data do commissioning teams add ?

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136
COBie is an exchange format, not
specific software.
COBie data may be created manually
or through use of CADD or BIM
software.
COBie needs Product Information
conclusions
For more information:
www.wbdg.org search on COBIE

example sheet: Jobs
17-Mar-10 ERDC 2010 (c)
137
Name Boiler Inspection - Annual
Category PM
Status Not Yet Started
TypeName Combi Boiler
Description
1. Shut down boiler - secure fuel supply and electric power. Lockout/Tagout as required.
2. Inspect and clean boiler tubes.
3. Check combustion chamber for air and/or gas leaks.
4. Check fuel lines and connections for damage.
5. Check for proper operational response of burner to thermostat controls. Adjust as required.
6. Check and lubricate burner and blower motors.
7. Check main flame failure protection and main flame detection scanner on boiler equipment with spark ingnition (oil burner).
8. Check electrical wiring to burner controls and blower.
9. Clean firebox (sweep and vacuum).
10. Check operation of control switches (i.e. steam pressure, hot water temperature limit, atomizing or combustion air proving, etc.).
11. Check hot water pressure gages.
12. Check condition of flue pipe, damper and exhaust stack.
13. Check boiler operation through complete cycle (approximately 30 minutes).
14. Clean area around equipment.
15. Complete work order time and materials. Mandatory comments required!!
16. Report outstanding discrepancies to supervisor for corrective action.
Duration 120
DurationUnit minute
Start 2010-03-01T00:00:00
TaskStartUnit year
Frequency 1
FrequencyUnit year
TaskNumber B-1
Priors
ResourceNames Cad Call Relay Switch Flame Sensors , Halide Leak Detector Kit, Boiler Certification Course
field name example
value

enable and enhance commissioning management and commissioning
processes ?
• the capture of commissioning, pre-handover, handover, and post-occupation
activities
• greater control for clients of things that tend to get forgotten in the rush to
complete the build works?
enable and enhance FM and asset management?
• the three years professional aftercare process
enable and enhance the Soft Landings approach?
• ensuring that fitness for purpose doesn't get compromised by value
engineering

IFC (Industry Foundation Classes)
What is IFC and what do you need to know about it?
IFC is a global standard for data exchange in the building industries. IFC is both a common data model and
an open file format. Building industry professionals can use IFC to share data regardless of what software
application they use to get their job done. Similarly data from one phase of the building lifecycle can be
utilised in a later stage without the need for data re entry, custom import interfaces or proprietary plugins.
EXPORT IMPORT

4D
Schedules
Logistics
Information Delivery.
Functional
description
Functions
Calculations
Requirements
Constraints
Knowledge databases
Company
External
Rules and regulations
Bldg, H&S, Planning
Simulation
Comfort
Air, heating
Lifecycle costs
Light and sound
Insulation
Use
Fire
Environmental impact
Life expectancy
Description
Inc cost estimates
Sourcing
Product databases
Price databases
FM
Renting, sale and use
Maintenance
Warranty
Reuse
Refurbishment
Demolition
Reconstruction
VRML
Visualisation
3D models
Source: Lars Bjorkhaug, SINTEF . Pictures from: Selvaagbygg, DDS, Byggforsk, NBLN University of California, CIFE Stanford, Pythagoras and Oluf Granlund Yo.
IAI UK Board 18/10/05
BIM software
Arch, Struct, Eng Services
Civ Eng
Information Delivery
Information Delivery
ODIN
Nobb
Granlund
DDS
Lydia
dRofus
Facility Composer
BARBi
Byggforsk
Fornax
Solibri
Focus
Tocoman
IFC
DDS
Octaga

Shape (explicit)
Shape (extrusions)
beams, pipes, ducts, walls etc.
Shape (topology)
line representations for pipe, duct, etc.
Building Elements
wall, door, window, roof, stairs, etc.
Relations Between Elements
holes, chases, voids, zones
Furniture
inc. system furniture
HVAC Equipment
chillers, fans, pumps, boilers,
coils, cooling towers, heaters,
heat exchangers, etc..
Electrical Elements
transformers, motors, generators,
switches, protective devices, power and
communication outlets panels, cubicles
Fire Protection Elements
sprinklers, hose reels, hydrants,
wet/dry rising mains
Sanitary Elements
WC’s, urinals, baths, bidets, traps gulleys
Spaces, Space Structure
space, storey, part, building, site
Structural analysis:
structural members, boundary conditions,
connections, supports, loads, etc.
Zones, Compartments
fire, workstation, rising ducts, shafts
Structural Elements
members, profiles, rebars, properties,
joints, features, surface

Systems
piping, ducting, cable, structural
Lighting
fittings, rendering, hoto-accurate
lighting
Grids
Manholes
manholes, inspection chambers,
access chambers, meter hambers,
valve chambers
Controls, Instruments
sensor, actuator, controller,
gauge, meter
Draughting
Time Series
time related events
Holes and Bases
holes, sleeves, packing, framing,
upstands, vibration isolation
Constraints
rules, specifications, requirements
trigger conditions
Accessories
brackets, drop rods, steel sections,
bracket assemblies, screws, bolts etc.
Environmental Impact
embodied energy, CO2
Asset Management
maintenance history, inventories
Help
request, action, permit, warranty,
operation

30
Actors
people, organizations, addresses
Costing
cost planning, estimates,
budgets,whole life
Work Plans and Schedules
inc. nested schedules, resource allocation
Orders
work orders, change orders,
purchase orders
Associated Documents
Classification
OC
CS
Unic
lass
External Data
Connectivity
services, structure, building
Geographical Elements
features, contours, regions
Coordinate Mapping
geodetic, cartesian

What is IFC and what do you need to know about it?
IFC is a global standard for data exchange in the building industries. IFC is both a
common data model and an open file format. Building industry professionals can
use IFC to share data regardless of what software application they use to get their
job done. Similarly data from one phase of the building lifecycle can be utilised in a
later stage without the need for data re entry, custom import interfaces or
proprietary plugins. EXPORT IMPORT

IFC Facts
▪ IFC stands for Industry Foundation Classes
▪ IFC is a standard universal framework that enables
information sharing and interoperability throughout
all phases of the whole building life cycle.
▪ Industry Foundation Classes (IFCs) are data
elements that represent the parts of buildings, or
elements of the process, and contain the relevant
information about those parts
▪ IFCs are used by computer applications to
assemble a computer readable model of the facility
that contains all the information of the parts and
their relationships to be shared among project
participants.
▪ IFC is developed by AIA (International Alliance for
Interoperability)
http://www.iai-international.org/

Sharing the BIM Data: IFC
BIM model
Energy
analysis
Structural
analysis
Cost
estimation
HVAC
Code
checking
Facility
management
Highlights of using IFC
▪ Provides a universal
industry standard data
exchange format
▪ Bi-directional
connection between
diverse applications
▪ Building elements
preserve BIM
information during
data transfer

IFC Implementation Examples
Structural analysis
Energy analysis
ArchiCAD
AxisVM
Riuska

#35695=
IFCWALLSTANDARDCASE('3m7gqoql5CwOxOjcfPCj8n',#41,'
Basic Wall:Generic - 100mm:225326',$,'Basic Wall:Generic -
100mm:207419',#35675,#35693,'225326');
#36094=
IFCMATERIALLAYERSETUSAGE(#32453,.AXIS2.,.NEGATIV
E.,100.);
#108019=
IFCDOOR('2xAZkx1e14wgJwc653S37v',#41,'M_Single-Panel
1:0762 x 2032mm:280578',$,'0762 x
2032mm',#108017,#108010,'280578',2032.,761.99999999999
9);
IFC

CIM Deviations from BIM Definition
BIM Deviations
Building IFC for Building only No Infra IFC (LandXML) or
Min. BIM Requirements
Industry specific objects
– beam, column, door,
wall
Generic graphics – line, text,
point. Contour?
Informatio
n
Emphasis equally on
Spatial and Database
Information
Strength in Spatial
Information
Unique Model by
Version Control
Less control on editing
Modelling 3D 2.5D e.g. contour lines
Parametric Model Irregular, cannot be
represented parametrically
Solid Modelling Surface Modelling/Mesh
Software Object-based Command-based

IFC - Infrastructure
IFC for bridge proposed by Sang-ho Lee, Yonsei

PAS1192: Part 3: 2014
• Partner to pas1192-2
• Address to operational phases of assets
• Framework to create an asset information model

Relationship between asset management, PAS 1192-2 and PAS 1192-3 – PAS
1192-3

BS1192: Part 4: 2014 – UK use of COBie
• Based on
– NIBS NBIMS v3.
– COBie-UK-2012: importance of Systems and Impacts
– COBie testing tools (compliance, continuity, completeness)
• Incorporating
– COBie ‘lab’ demand matrix
– ‘IAD4’ Infrastructure group recommendations for handover
– ‘COBie for all’ group for COBie usage in infrastructure

BIM FOR FM
The As-Built BIM will save time and effort
during maintenance, repairs and renovations.

BIM FOR FM
Component information like serial numbers,
product data, warranties, location, maintenance
schedules history can be made available quickly
and accurately whenever required.

BIM FOR FM

BIM FOR FM
BIM will be used to develop a preventive
maintenance scheduling by generating a
warranty list for maintenance.

BIM FOR FM
With handheld devices like PDAs, iPhones,
maintenance workers and facility/office
managers can quickly report equipment
breakdowns or access repair manuals, service
history, etc.

BIM FOR FM
Apart from engineering analysis during design,
BIM can also be used to analyze the operating
performance of the building.

BIM FOR FM
BIM can be used to conduct different types of
studies for evaluating operating efficiency and to
make the building more suited to the needs of the
occupants.

BIM FOR FM
Building performance is providing designers and a
prediction of operating costs, helping them to meet
sustainability goals and make choices when
planning their investments.

BIM FOR FM
The use of BIM will Keep real-time and
accurate inventory of space across buildings
and work spaces with information tracked in
the system, including available space and
occupancy.

BIM FOR FM
Using a BIM model for space management
enables the facility management team to analyze
the existing use of space , evaluate proposed
changes, and effectively plan for future needs.
“ Don’t just count
every space, make
every space count ”

BIM FOR FM
The location and movement of furniture and other
building assets can be tracked very effectively by
using the BIM as a 3D reference space.

BIM FOR FM
One can visualize and easily verify the
physical inventory of assets for financial
valuation and replacement planning.

NEXT STEPS: ADVANCED SIMULATION
3D model simpliﬁes the transition to energy modeling
packages: Programming & Schematic Design
○ Green Building Studio
Design Development & Construction Documents
○Ecotect
○IES Virtual Environment
○DOE2
○eQUEST
○3D Studio/VIZ

187
LEED Comercial Interiors (CI)
68 Prerequisites & Credits to Track
38 Special Affinity for BIM
56% of LEED CI Documentation
NEXT STEPS: LEED TRACKING
Simplify & Auto-document LEED Requirements

Problems with Current Practice - continued
• Cost and time needed to develop input for CMMS
and CAFM files (normally around $1-$3 per gross
SF, takes significant time after startup
• Cost and time needed to refer to paper files
when FM problems occur
• Poorer building and equipment performance (lack
of adequate data for preventive maintenance)

Benefits of BIM FM Integration

Benefits of BIM FM Integration
• Reduced cost and time needed to collect and build CMMS, CAFM and BAS
systems
• Improved data quality in FM systems so that paper files not required
• Reduced cost and time needed to address equipment problems
• Better building and equipment performance (reliability, energy use)
• Use of integrated system to plan building modifications

Costs of BIM FM Integration
it doesn’t come free!
• Front-end costs during design, construction and
turnover to enter data into BIM model that will be
needed by FM systems (associated with COBie data)
note: There are alternative processes available to
define/collect/transfer this data – see book
• On-going cost to update BIM and FM systems to
reflect changes to building and systems (files need
to reflect reality, not as-designed or as- built)

ROI Analysis of BIM FM Integration-1
Based on 2009 IFMA Maintenance cost survey data:
400,000 GSF office HQ with useful life of 25 years
• Initial costs to create integrated system Investment
in systems, data collection & verification, training of
project team$100,000
• Ongoing costs to maintain integrated system to
reflect changes to building and
equipment25% time for 1 FTE at $125,000/yr (fully
burdened), $31,250/yr

• Initial Savings
– from less labor and time needed to collect data
regarding building and equipment: avoid cost of
minimum of 2 months for 2 FM gathering initial
data: $41,667

• Ongoing Savings
– O&M savings of faster access to better information,
0.5 hrs per work order, 1600 work orders per year,
$50/hr fully burdened =
$40,000/yr
– Utility cost savings from better equipment
performance, reduced energy use, 3% of
$2.39/GSF/yr = $28,680/yr
– Total savings = $68,680/yr or $0.17/GSF/yr

• Initial costs
– $100,000 - $41,667 = $58,333
• Present Value of ongoing savings
• Annual savings = 68,680 - $31,250 = $37,430/yr
• Present value over 25 years at 6% interest rate = $478,481
• Net Present Value
• $478,481 - $58,333 = $420,148
• Internal ROI = 64%
• Payback period: $58,333 / $37,430 = 1.57 years

• These are extraordinary results and they exclude the
following “soft” benefits:
– Better building performance for users
– Fewer equipment breakdowns
– Improved inventory control of spares
– Longer equipment lives (can be a significant saving)
– Use of combined BIM FM model for remodeling and
upgrades
Conclusion: Many benefits, few downside risks

• Architects?
• Engineers?
• Construction contractor?
• Subcontractors?
• Commissioning agent?
• Facility manager?
3. Determine who will collect the data and how
Who?How?
• BIM authoring
software?
• COBie capable
software?
• Spreadsheet?
• Other?

Legal and Contractual Issues
Chapter 4: Legal Issues When Considering BIM for Facilities
Management
• What is the BIM Model’s contractual status
• Who owns the model?
• Who owns the intellectual property
• Issues with Interoperability and Data Exchange

Case Studies
University of Chicago USC
School of Cinematic Arts
Xavier University

University of Chicago Administration
Building Renovation: Project Overview
15,000 SF building built in 1949
Renovation and modernization of restrooms
and HVAC
Tight spaces for rerouting ductwork
Images courtesy: M.A. Mortenson Company; , from Teicholz,
P. (2013). BIM for Facility Managers. Wiley.

Creation of Accurate As-Built Drawings
1947 hand drawn as-built drawing
Laser scan overlay on BIM
Images courtesy: M.A. Mortenson Company; from Teicholz, P. (2013). BIM for Facility Managers. Wiley.

Translational Tool using the “Spirit of”
COBie as the Foundation
Possible Information Flow
Images courtesy: M.A. Mortenson Company; , from Teicholz, P. (2013). BIM for Facility Managers. Wiley.
Results of Translational Tool: Asset Tab
Envisioned Information Flow
RevitCOBie Maximo
Translational
Tool
Maximo

University of Chicago: Lessons
Learned
• No “out of the box” solutions
• New processes are needed
• Existing systems are both a restraint and a
decision driver
• Team member skills
• Communication between disciplines

University of Chicago: Challenges
• How much data?....
and how detailed?
• Should the 3D
model be used for
FM?

University of Southern California
(USC): Overview
• School of
Cinematic Arts
• 3 Phase, 6
building $165
million complex
• BIM FM further
defined through
each phase
Images courtesy: Hathaway Dinwiddie; from Teicholz, P. (2013). BIM for Facility
Managers. Wiley.

USC FM Portal
Phase 1 Portal: Using Navisworks
Images courtesy: USC FMS; from Teicholz, P. (2013). BIM for Facility Managers. Wiley.
Phase 3 Portal: Using EcoDomus
(middleware)

USC BIM Guidelines
Link to access
http://www.usc.edu/fms/documents/cad_web_links/BI
MGuidelines_VS1_6_2012.pdf

USC: Lessons Learned
New processes ≠ New tools
• Develop a BIM Guideline early, and use it
• Use industry standards, such as COBie
• Importance of top level support for BIM FM

USC: Challenges
• Management of after construction BIM
– Data validation
– Who will manage?
– With what funds?
• What is the business case?

Case Study- Xavier University
• A Jesuit, Catholic
university in
Cincinnati
• Founded 1831
• 7,019 total students
• 70 buildings – over 2
million GSF

Xavier’s Hoff Academic Quad and Residence
Hall Project
• $117 M, Largest
capital projects in
schools history
• Added 25% to
campus
• 4 new buildings
• BIM used to
facilitate design
and construction
Plant Office
Central Utility Plant
College of Business
Learning Commons
Residence Hall

Xavier’s Challenges
• Produce 10 Year Comprehensive Facilities Plan for
entire campus
• Forecast facilities capital costs and obtain proper
funding to reduce deferred maintenance

Room finish information
from design and
construction phases….

Is linked to lifecycle
data (expected life,
replacement cost) in
the facility
management system

Xavier’s Results
• Integration of BIM and FM data
avoided 12 person months of data
gathering and entry
• Used FM data to document extensive
deferred maintenance and increase
O&M funding from $750K to $12M per
year

Xavier Results and Lessons Learned
• Project started in 2009
• Modeled for design and
construction not FM
• Subcontractor’s models
developed in various CAD-
based tools
– Costly to redo sub’s models
to meet Xavier’s needs
• The earlier you plan your BIM
data efforts, the better.

Case Study
Building Information Services
SEC Courtyard

• BIM knows what a wall is, what it is made out of, what color it is, how big it is and where it is. All of the
intelligent parameters of a BIM model can be defined by the owner. Things like model, size and color are just
a few examples.
• With BIM, we no longer think in a horizontal environment, we begin thinking vertically. In our current space
management process, we can track space and space types in AutoCAD, but with Revit, we can track and
define every existing condition within a building.
• With BIM, our drawings are more than flat lines, they become a virtual building.
• The BIM can quickly track and report the space, occupancy, department, occupant, area and volume. Within
BIM, our drawings and spreadsheets are one. The cross walk of data from one program to the other no
longer needed. If data within the drawing changes, the spreadsheet within the BIM is updated instantly.
B.I.M. is more than just 3D design, it’s intelligent!
Bryant-Denny Stadium – in development

Smart Drawings
Once the BIM is created, there is virtually nothing that can’t be viewed or stored within the drawings.
No more going to the plan room to find information, things can be viewed in a virtual, real time
environment, from anywhere at any time. Links can be placed within the drawing to take you directly
to information provided in the building repository.
•View elevations and change vantage points on the fly
•View sections and change cut planes on the fly
•Shade and color fill rooms instantly, by room or department, complete with legends
•Generate walkthroughs for any area in the building as needed
•View current real time schedules
•3D renderings from any vantage point, both inside and outside the building
Adams Hall - completed

B.I.M. for
Space/Facilities Management
• Archival and Retrieval of Material & Vendor Data
• Material or Equipment Inventories
• Space and Asset Management
• Building Security
• Emergency Preparedness & Evacuation Plans
• Energy Analysis
• Renovation Planning, Design, Construction
• Maintenance & Replacement Scheduling
• Life Cycle Analysis
At this point we have incorporated mostly room/space data in to our models. We will continue to add
data to our models as needed. Our models are a living virtual building and will be modified as changes
are made to the buildings.
Ferguson Center - completed

The following slides are samples of our B.I.M. files and this will be available on Estus for use throughout
campus.

By using a cut away floor plan (like the building below) we are able to more accurately show building
features that can benefit UAPD, EHS and improve wayfinding within a building.

Number Name Level FICM Capacity Occupancy Area College Department Org. Name Org. Number Hazardous Materials
1301 Research Laboratory Level 1 250 - Research/Non Class Lab. 597.14 SF College of Arts and Sciences Natural Sciences Biological Sciences 204411 Contains Hazardous Materials
1302 Research Service Level 1 255 - Research/Non Class Lab. Service 152.13 SF College of Arts and Sciences Natural Sciences Biological Sciences 204411
1305 Office Level 1 310 - Office 620.20 SF College of Arts and Sciences Natural Sciences Biological Sciences 204411
1307 Research Laboratory Level 1 250 - Research/Non Class Lab. 104.46 SF College of Arts and Sciences Natural Sciences Biological Sciences 204411
Below is a sample of the spreadsheet that is generated from our BIM model. The difference between our BIM
spreadsheet and normal space data sheets is that ours is directly linked to our BIM model and changes as the
drawing changes, therefore eliminating the crosswalk between two different programs.
The amount of data that we can track within our model is limitless. We can also create links within our data to
link to Estus documents (such as warranty information, specifications etc).

These are two aerial views of the SEC area of campus showing
Shelby Hall, SEC, SERC, HM Comer and Bevill. As we complete
buildings, we will have the ability to view existing conditions of
any zone on campus.

Who will benefit from the use of BIM?
•Construction and Planning
•Facilities Administration
•Building Information Services
•Furnishings and Design
•Public Safety
•University Planning
•EHS
•Athletics
•Housing
•Logistics and Support Services
•Academic Affairs
We are developing the most critical buildings first, in the same manner we did when developing the CAD floor plans in 2008.
BIS anticipates having all buildings located on the main campus modeled by early 2014.
Ridgecrest South Entry

How Does BIM Work?
Courtesy:Bentley
Systems,
Inc.
Building Is a Verb
Lifecycle Knowledge
Readily Exchanged
Data Commissioning for Facilities Operations & Management
• Real Property
• Space
• Equipment
• Utilities
• Maint. Tasks
• Instructions
• Schedules
• Cost
• 3D Geometry
• Employees
DATA
• Legal
• Fiduciary
• Store Ops
• Bldg. Ops
• Fac. Mgmt
• Asset Mgmt
FUNCTION
COBIE
[ Construction to Operations Building Information Exchange ]
Real Objects
Lifelike Properties
Ongoing Uses

How Does BIM Work?
All Stakeholders Participate
Designer
Data
Owner / Occupier
Data Environmentalist
Data
Specifier Data
Financial
Data
Legal
Data
Sustainers
Data
Geospatial
Data
BIM
Courtesy of NIBS National Building Information Modeling Standards Committee
Building Is a Verb
Lifecycle Knowledge
Readily Exchanged
Real Objects
Lifelike Properties
Ongoing Uses

Influence vs Cost Curve
Eff
ort
Typical
‘Value’ Engineering !
Strategy Design Construction Operation
25% 75%
Lifecy
cle
cost
Virtual Building Design
Proposed Entry
Cost of Changes
Ability to Change

Information Exchange Losses
Management support information should be:
• Collected continuously throughout facility life-cycle (created once)
• Managed uniformly in standard framework
• Securely available 24x7
Information
Value
Time
To-Be
• Minimized data loss
• Maximized information value
Planning
Construction
Design
Operation
Value of Improvements
As-Is
• Continuous data loss
• Value of information reduced

Design
Stage
Conception
Stage
Project
Delivery
Selection
Stage
Construction
Documents
Stage
Procurement
Stage
Execution
Stage
Utilization
Stage
Closu
re
Stage
IAI “BuildingSMART” model supports lifecycle data
Notional BIM Project Savings Curve
Optimized approach with virtual modeling and analysis with reduced change
orders & delivery time and lower operating and sustainment costs
Typical approach failing to do routine maintenance
and having to replace items earlier and more often
The yet untapped $avings
The savings we are currently experiencing
with faster delivery and fewer change
orders
Typical design/build approach with required maintenance
This is a draft – a team is working to put actual numbers to these notional curves

Typical BIM Benefits
• Better understanding of design
concepts – shared understanding of
issues
• More focus on value-added tasks
• Faster cycle times
• Reduced errors and omissions
• Less waste: rework, materials, time
• Fewer translation errors and losses
• Increased site safety
Building Is a Verb
Lifecycle Knowledge
Readily Exchanged
Real Objects
Lifelike Properties
Ongoing Uses

Graphisoft
Who Benefits From BIM Implementation
Facility Information Views
Owners
Planners
Realtors
Appraisers
Mortgage Bankers
Designers
Engineers
Cost & Quantity Estimators
Specifiers
Contracts & Lawyers
Construction Contractors
Sub-Contractors
Fabricators
Code Officials
Facility Managers
Maintenance & Sustainment
Renovation & Restoration
Disposal & Recycling
Scoping, Testing, Simulation
Safety & Occupational Health
Environmental & NEPA
Plant Operations
Energy, LEED
BIM

Facility Data That Could Be Included in BIM
• Planning scenarios and site information
• Architectural program
• Floor plans
• Space functions
• Classified areas, vaults etc.
• Area calculations
• Volume calculations
• Engineering calculations
• Specifications
• Contract documents
• Legal description
• Change orders
• Supporting documentation for litigation
• Shop drawings
• Procurement documents
• Progress photographs
• Alarm diagrams
• Warranty data
• Invoices
• Purchase requests
• Cost Estimates
• Organizational occupants
• Personnel lists
• Seating plans
• Handicap designation
• Network diagrams
• Hazardous materials
• Operating manuals
• Maintenance records
• Inspection records
• Electronic 3D model
• Simulations
• Continuation of operations plans
• Disaster Recovery Plans
• Contingency plans
• Furniture inventory

Hierarchical Information Relationships
IAI-IFC
Usage
Space
Natural
Asset
Linear Structure
Structure
Building
Facility /
Built
Theatre /
World
Sub-System
s
System
Level
Site
Real
Property
Asset
Country
State /
Province
County
Installation /
Region
Node
Segment
Room
Space
System
Level
Sub-System
s
Room
Water / Sea
Land /
Parcel
Undergroun
d
Air / Space
Geospatial Information
(GIS)
Overlay
Overlay
Building information
(Building Information Models)
Components
Components
City

IFC objects, relationships, space
BUILDING
Or
Structure
Sub-Systems
(part of
systems)
Level
(Stories)
Attributes
Vertical
Room
Void
Business
Groups
Financial
Classificatio
ns
Assets
Metrics
Example
FCA,MDI
Example
Rentable
Space
Circulation
Area
Example
Furniture
Equipment
Phone
Metrics
Attributes
Metrics
Zones
Personnel
SYSTEMS –Ex. Structural, MEP, Flooring, Ceiling, Exterior, Walls
SPACE-Vertical Horizontal, Empty
OVERLAYS – Typically associated with building hierarchy elements.
Example
Space
Assignment
Business Group
Example
Marketing
Administration
Systems represent the physical
entities of the building. Systems use
NA classifications such as
Omni-Class and Uniformat and are
transported/exchanged via IFCs
Space is physical in nature, but can
be unbounded (have no or cross
physical boundaries) but it will always
be tied to the physical structure or
systems in some way
Overlays are more abstract data -
organizational, operational, functional,
financial, non-fixed assets, resources,
personnel, etc. that is data tied to the
Systems and Space
Example
Secure Areas
Systems
Metrics
Example
SUI,CI
Attributes
Standards
Area
Volume
Gross
Net
Reports or Extracted Data from BIM
(examples from all classifications)
Sq. Ftg.
Surface
Usable
Linear Ft.
Quantities
Metrics
Attributes
Components
Attributes
Metrics
Materials &
Types
Hierarchical Building Information Relationships

The information
exchange
Information Exchanges
Input BIM
Output
Co
ntr
ol
The product of the
information exchange
(i.e. The quantity and
specification data
used to purchase and
deliver doors.
Existing information already
in the BIM is used as input
and information that is
gleaned from the exchange is
also stored in the model (i.e.
Attributes about the doors
purchased, size, material,
cost, instructions, fire rating,
The reason for the
(i.e. Desire to buy doors)
Report on Door Objects
More information is added
to the building information
model in its appropriate
spatially related location
BIM
•Programmatic and Project Requirements or Constraints (LEED
Silver requested by owner)
•Normative standards by which data is collected or managed
(Such as the IBC, NCS, IFC’s and OmniClass™)

Use of Information Exchanges to Support BIM
• Requirement & Goal
– Standardize on information
needed for specific tasks within the building
lifecycle
– Development based upon open data standards
used by all
– Provides requirements to software companies
• North America data standards
– CSI, OMNICLASS, Uniformat
– International Bldg Code
– CIS/2 and other authorities

Case Study – Letterman Digital Arts Center
• “Despite numerous design layout changes that were required by Lucas Film Ltd. due to company restructuring,
the LDAC project was completed on time and below the estimated budget….over two hundred design and
construction conflicts were identified, most of which were corrected before construction, resulting in an
estimated savings of over
$10 million on this $350
million project.”
Courtesy of AECbytes "Building the Future" Article (September 30, 2006)
Building Owners Driving BIM: The "Letterman Digital Arts Center"
StoryMieczyslaw (Mitch) Boryslawski, Associate AIA
Founder, View By View, Inc.

Multiple Types of Analysis from the Same Model
Global V6 engine plant for General Motors – Flint, MI (Courtesy: GHAFARI Associates)

USCG Integrated BIM/Mission Support Approach
Identifying Mission Requirements…
…Using BIM, Web Services and
IFC’s to Support Decisions and
Cost Effectively Plan for the Future…
…To Provide the Right Products to their Customers
based on Mission Requirements

Start with a “BIM Blob”
Add shape
Add additional information
End up with a mature BIM or
obtain a complete BIM with
Philosophical change in approach
Subject 1
Subject 2
Subject 3
Subject 4
Building
A
Building
B
Building
C
4
1
2
3
A
2
1
4
3
B
1
4
3
2
C
Current Lack of
Interoperability
Information is available about
a subject across all facilities
but not about all subjects
across all facilities
Planned information relationships

Emerging buildingSMART-NA Initiative
Draft Role
A Strategy for Improving Facilities
The buildingSMART Alliance will:
• Act as a focal point for improving
facilities efficiency
• Establish consortia arrangements
for conducting research,
• Conduct forums and workshops,
• Manage research and
research-related projects,
• Disseminate information,
• Review work performed by others.
• Develop and recommend standards,
guidelines and certification programs;

National BIM Standard (NBIMS V2)
Examples of Topics
• OmniClass
• Information exchanges
• Construction operations building
• Spatial program validation
• Design to building energy analysis
• Practice documents
• BIM Project Execution Planning Guide
• Spatial coordination information for MEP
To download:
www.nationalbimstandard.org

• Cotts, D.G., Roper, K.O., Payant, R., (August 2009), The Facility Management Handbook, (Third edition) New York: AMACOM Publishing.
• Shohet, I.M. & Lavy, S. (2004), “Healthcare facilities management: state of the art review”, Facilities, Vol. 22 No. 7/8, pp. 210-220.
• Lucas, J., Bulbul, T., & Thabet, W. (2011), “A lifecycle framework for using BIM in Healthcare Facility Management”, CIB W78-W102 2011: International Conference, Sophia
Antipolis, France. Retrieved from http://itc.scix.net/data/works/att/w78-2011-Paper-73.pdf
• Gallaher, M. P., Connor, A. C., Dettbarn, J. L., & Gilday, L. T. (2004), Cost Analysis of Inadequate Interoperability in the U . S . Capital Facilities Industry, National Institute of
Standards and Technology Gaithersburg, Maryland.
• Yu, K., Froese, F., Grobler, F., (October 1998), “Development of Industry Foundation Classes by International Alliance for Interoperability”, Computing Congress 98, American
Society for Civil Engineers (ASVE), Boston.
• Akcamete, A., Akinci, B., & Garrett, Jr., J. H. (2009), “Motivation for Computational Support for Updating Building Information Models (BIMs)”, Computing in Civil Engineering
(2009) (pp. 523–532). Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers.
• Shen, W., Hao, Q., & Xue, Y. (2012), “A loosely coupled system integration approach for decision support in facility management and maintenance”, Automation in
Construction, 25, 41–48.
• Foster, B. (2010), BIM for Facility Management : “Design for maintenance.” Retrieved from www.sandia.gov
• FM:Systems (2012). Products. Retrieved from http://www.fmsystems.com/products/index.html
• Starkov, I., Yee, P., Aspurez, V., & Alpert, D. (2012). Emerging Applications of BIM to Facilities Management: What Architects Need to Know about Connecting Design and
Operations. Washington DC.
• Whyte, J., Lindkvist, C., & Ibrahim, N. H. (2010). Value to Clients through Data Hand-Over : A Pilot Study Value to Clients through Data Hand-Over : A Pilot Study. Retrieved
from http://www.reading.ac.uk/web/FILES/designinnovation/DIRC_Working_Paper_1.pdf
• Gelnay, B. (2002), “Facility management and the design of Victoria Public Hospitals”, Proceedings of the CIB Working Commission 70: Facilities Management and
Maintenance Global Symposium 2002, Glasgow, pp. 525-45 as cited in Shohet, I.M. & Lavy, S. (2004), “Healthcare facilities management: state of the art review”, Facilities,
Vol. 22 No. 7/8, pp. 210-220.
• Lavy, S. & Solis, J.F. (2010), “Complex Healthcare Facility Management and Lean Construction”, Health Environments Research & Design Journal, Vol. 3 No. 2, pp. 3-6.
• Goedert, J. D., & Meadati, P. (2008). Integrating Construction Process Documentation into Building Information Modeling. Journal of Construction Engineering and
Management, 134(7), 509–516.
• Autodesk. (2004). BIM and Facilities Management.
• Yau, N. (2010). Global agenda councils who should work together. Retrieved from http://www.visualizing.org/visualizations/global-agenda-councils-who-should-work-together
References

FM Handover
(COBie2)
Intermediate Status Dec 8, 2009

FM Handover Aquarium “Objectives”
• Improve the interoperability for applications for
life-cycle building information used in facilities
management for the operation phase
• Internationalize and consolidate COBie as the
receiving handover format
• Development and distribution of COBie2 tools,
including bimServices to transform the FM Handover
data sets between IFC and COBie2 xml spreadsheet
• Prove that the use of open standards is an enabler for

BIM > IFC > bimServices > COBIE xml
Space
Validation
Systems
Coordination
COBie2
xml
Energy
Analysis
Quantity
Takeoff
Code
Compliance
Bentley BIM
Appl 1 BIM
Appl 2 BIM
IFC
Model View Definition (MVD):
defines what data needs to be
exported and how to meet
exchange requirements
FM Handover bim
Services
Tool from
AEC3
Excel
Workbook

Project Workspace
Project-independent Project-specific
Office-wide
standard
Project specific
requirements

Catalogs
Organization of BIM
content and data
structure

Catalog Items
FM required
data

Design Instance Data
Unique data to a
specific building
component
Bentley Architecture

Schedules and Reports
Bentley Architecture
Dynamic data
review and
management
Reporting export to
Microsoft Excel

ProjectWise Navigator and i-model
Design review,
clash detection,
schedule simulation

3D PDF View control and
IFC data rich

Project Hierarchy
Site
Building
Levels

Zones
Multiple spaces
on multiple floors
assigned to a zone

Bentley BIM
Key Points to
Remember

Bentley BIM - Key Points
Scalable portfolio of applications delivered on a
single platform, optimized data management for high
performance buildings
Breadth and depth of integrated applications for
multi-disciplinary Building Information Modeling (BIM)
Data management for support of the complete building
lifecycle - design-build-operate
Support for distributed team collaboration and design
engineering content management

Bentley BIM - Key Points
Engineering analysis integrated with design -
structural, building energy simulation, lighting, digital
fabrication
Integrated design review including clash
detection and schedule simulation
Industry interoperability support for multiple BIM, CAD
and geospatial file formats - IFC, RVT (Revit), DGN
(MicroStation), DWG (AutoCAD), SKP (Sketchup), 3DS (3D
Studio), KMZ (Google Earth), PDF(Adobe), CAMduct,
CIS/2, SDNF, gbXML
Efficient large design file management and
collaboration, speed scalable for large projects

Bim for facility management

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