Building Information Modeling (BIM)

1. Building Information Modeling (BIM) One Step Ahead Build Digitally First 1

2. 2 Engr. Abdul Mughees Khan BIM Engineer Engr. Syed Kashif Ali Shah BIM Engineer Engr. Malik Awais Ali Shah BIM Engineer Engr. Sharjeel Ahmad Tariq BIM Engineer Website: www.vulcanss.com Email: info@vulcanss.com Phone: +923454268115, +923455908731 NUST, H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan

3. Table of Contents  Typical Problems in Construction Industry  What is BIM?  BIM Process  Influence of BIM on Industry Problems  BIM Application  BIM Advantages  BIM Workflow  BIM & Project Management  BIM & Design Team Members  BIM around the Globe  Construction Industry with BIM 3

4. Typical Problems in Construction Industry 4

5. Problems in Construction Industry Lot of Challenges… – Poorly Coordinated Design Documents – Change Orders & Rework – Delays & Cost Overruns – Claims & Litigation – Greater Risk – Poor Turnover Documents – Frustrated Owners – Tight Profit Margins – 25% of world solid waste. – Buildings consume 30% of raw materials. – Buildings consume 42% world’s energy 5 Source: Organization for Economics Cooperation & Development (OECD)

6. Reasons  Lack of Proper Planning  Lack of Coordination  Lack of Professional Specialized Education  Poor Decision Making  Inefficient dispute resolution mechanism  Lack of Mediation  Difficulty in responsibility fixation  Lack of Project Monitoring/ Program Monitoring  Reluctance in adoption of new technology  Lack in Value Engineering adoption  Lack of Integrated Project Delivery Low Business Share in International Market  Dependence on Foreign Consultants in Pakistan Typical Problems in Construction Industry 6

7.  30% of projects do not meet original program or budget  92% of clients said that designers drawings are typically not sufficient for construction  37% of materials used in construction become waste 10% of the cost of a project is typically due to change orders 38% of carbon emissions are from buildings not cars CMAA Owners survey, CMAA Industry Report, Economist Magazine Typical Problems in Construction Industry 7

8.  A survey done by NED university ranked following management issues in the top 10 cost over run factors: 1. Fluctuation in prices of raw materials 2. Unstable cost of manufactured materials 3. High cost of machineries 4. Lowest bidding procurement method 5. Inefficient project (site) management/ Inefficient cost control 6. Long period between design and time of bidding/ tendering 7. Conventional method of cost estimation 8. Excessive change orders 9. Inadequate project planning 10. Inappropriate government policies Typical Problems in Construction Industry 8 Cost Overrun Factors in Construction Industry of Pakistan 2008 Nida Azhar, Rizwan U Farooqui, Syed M Ahmed

9. Typical Problems in Construction Industry Construction Productivity Stanford University 9

10.  Current tools and process focus more on documentation instead of the building design.  Architects, Engineers are spending more time on less important redundant work. Typical Problems in Construction Industry Visualization and Communication 10

11.  Communicating your design vision to the client accurately to gain approvals. Typical Problems in Construction Industry Visualization and Communication 11

12.  Inability to visualize the final product at the design phase leads to changes in design in the construction phase causing delays and extra cost.  Monal Restaurant Islamabad: 122 Change orders Typical Problems in Construction Industry Change Orders 12

13. Early Professional Practice The Master Builder: ‘Master’ with multi-disciplinary education: Architecture, mathematics, engineering, materials, technology, etc. Single point responsibility: • Limited requirements for data sharing and/or visualization… Typical Problems in Construction Industry Communication Within Teams Michelangelo Ustad Ahmad Lahauri 13

14. Architecture  Architectural Design  Building Technology/Environmental Systems  Community Design  Environment/Sustainability  Graphic Design  History  Housing  Interior Design/Architecture  International And Regional Architecture  Landscape Design  Preservation  Tectonics  Urban Planning and Design Civil Engineering  Materials science and engineering  Coastal engineering  Construction engineering  Earthquake engineering  Environmental engineering  Geotechnical engineering  Water resources engineering  Structural engineering  Surveying  Transportation engineering  Forensic engineering  Municipal or urban engineering  Control engineering Growth in specialization/academic disciplines: Typical Problems in Construction Industry Communication Within Teams 14

15.  Over the wall syndrome, less coordination between the design team is resulting in poor quality of work. Typical Problems in Construction Industry Communication Within Teams 15

16. Typical Problems in Construction Industry Communication between Stakeholders  Coordination and collaboration issues between different stake holders causing dissatisfaction of everyone. 16

17. Typical Problems in Construction Industry Coordination  Current tools and workflow doesn’t support coordinated work which increases cost and time of the project as well as decreases its quality.  Changes to the building design result in coordination errors. 17

18. Typical Problems in Construction Industry Communication between Stakeholders  2D Drawings causes miscommunication 18

22. Typical Challenges in Construction Industry Coordination

24. Typical Challenges in Construction Industry Coordination 24 False Ceiling is not provided in Corridors in the Original Design.

25. Typical Challenges in Construction Industry Coordination 25  Entrance Stairs to Void Area is not provided in Design.  Rain Water during heavy shower accumulates into the corridors from void area opening.

26. Typical Challenges in Construction Industry Coordination 26 Supply & Return pipes for outdoor units are provided on exterior side of the building.

29. Typical Problems in Construction Industry Coordination 29

30. Typical Problems in Construction Industry Coordination 30

31. Typical Problems in Construction Industry Cost Uncertainty  Manual quantity estimation is a time taking process with low accuracy.  Majority of the projects are over budgeted.  Design change effect on the budget is not easily reflected. 31

32. Typical Problems in Construction Industry Unsafe Construction Site  Unsafe practices and absence of safety procedures and planning at site causes injuries and loss of lives. 32

33. Typical Problems in Construction Industry Less Prefabrication more Onsite Work  More work on-site, less off-site  Main reason is incomprehensibility during design phase, errors in drawings and inaccuracy during construction  More cost, less quality 33

34. Typical Problems in Construction Industry Poor Planning and Project Delays Causes of Delay:  Finance and payments  Inaccurate time estimation  Delay in payments to supplier and subcontractor  Poor site management  Old technology  Natural disasters  Unforeseen site condition  Shortage of material  Delays caused by subcontractors 34  Changes in drawings  Improper equipment  Inaccurate cost estimation  Change orders  Organizational changes  Regulatory changes

35. Typical Problems in Construction Industry Poor Site and Procurement Management  In any construction project 10 -15 % of the material is wasted.  Main reason is improper design issues as well as site management. 35

36. Typical Problems in Construction Industry Poor Facility Management Data  Facility Data is not properly transferred to the client at the time of handover.  O&M Manuals are manually transferred & physically stored.  Data is lost with the passage of time.  Data is very difficult to retrieve for maintenance and renovation. 36

37. What is BIM? 37

38. BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING ARCHITECTS STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS MEP SYSTEMS ENGINEERS BUILDERS & FABRICATORS OWNERS Building Information Modeling  “Building Information Modeling, or BIM is a parametric, 3D model that is used to generate plans, sections, elevations, perspectives, details, schedules- all of the necessary components to document the design of a building.” Mastering Autodesk Revit Architecture 2011  “ A Building Information Model serves as a shared knowledge resource for information about a facility forming a reliable basis for decisions during its life cycle from inception onward.” BuidlngSMART Alliance CIVIL ENGINEERS 38

39. Hand drafting Computer Aided Drafting Building Information Modelling Evolution of Design Process 39

40. The CAD Evolution 40

41. The CAD Evolution 41

42. Difference between CAD and Parametric Modeling CAD Drawing Method BIM Drawing Method 42

43. Difference between CAD and Parametric Modeling CAD BIM 43

44. Difference between CAD and Parametric Modeling Section Floor Plan 3D View Elevation Schedule 44

51. Multiple views are generated from one model, such as: - Floor Plans - Sections - Elevations - Details Building Information Modeling (BIM) 51

52. Not just a model It’s a Database Building Information Modeling (BIM) 52

53. Types of Data:  Physical  Material  Appearance  Cost  Identity  Life cycle  Thermal property 53

54. Parametric families of Windows in BIM: Revit 54

55. Parametric families of objects 55

56. Door Schedule 56

57. BIM Process 55

58. Not just a software package. BIM is a process which applies over to whole building lifecycle 58

59. 59 BIM Current Evolution towards a new process

60. Communication and Knowledge Exchange Current BIM ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 60

61. Evolution towards a new design process 59

62. Evolution towards a new design process 60

63. Influence of BIM on Industry Problems 63

64. Influence of BIM on Industry Problems Problem: Design Visualization and Communication BIM solution: Visualize your Design and Communicate it better  Using the better visualization tools the design can be easily communicated to the non technical client.  Changes can easily be incorporated in design using client feedback, reducing change orders thus overall cost of the project.  More time is spent designing than drafting. 64

65.  Increased client satisfaction through more effective communications. Influence of BIM on Industry Problems Problem: Design Communication Within Teams BIM Solution: Improved Design Communication (BIM) 65

66.  BIM ensures better communication between different stake holders. Influence of BIM on Industry Problems Problem: Design Communication With stakeholders BIM Solution: Improved Design Communication 66

67.  Instead of 2D drawings information is shared in the form of BIM model which clearly communicate the design intent to all stakeholders which are involved in a building lifecycle. Influence of BIM on Industry Problems Problem: Design Communication With stakeholders BIM Solution: Improved Design Communication 67

68. Influence of BIM on Industry Problems Problem: Coordination BIM Solution: Improved Coordination and Clash Detection  Better visualization during design, coordinated drawings and clash detection tools reduces clashes between various elements which causes delay in construction work resulting in increase of the budget as well as client dissatisfaction from the building makers. 68

69.  Better visualization during design, coordinated drawings and clash detection tools reduces clashes between various elements which causes delay in construction work resulting in increase of the budget as well as client dissatisfaction from the building makers. Influence of BIM on Industry Problems Problem: Coordination BIM Solution: Improved Coordination and Clash Detection 69

70. Influence of BIM on Industry Problems Problem: Cost Uncertainty BIM Solution: Greater predictability  BIM automates the quantity extraction process.  Different design options and there impact on cost can be obtained easily without much effort and in less time.  Material usage at different stages of the project can also be tracked using BIM. 70

71. Influence of BIM on Industry Problems Problem: Unsafe Construction Site BIM Solution: Better Safety Planning  BIM also improves the safety situation of site.  Different possible situations can be simulated using the BIM tools so that proper safety plans can be designed according. 71

72. Influence of BIM on Industry Problems Problem: Less Prefabrication more Onsite work BIM Solution: Design Accurately , More prefabrication  BIM allows accurate design which increases ability to prefabricate.  Like a "spell - check" device, the computer tells engineers if parts don't fit.  Different components of building can be manufactured first and installed later at the site.  Improves quality and reduces time and cost. 72

73. Boeing 777- First paperless Design  Boeing 747, 75,000 engineering drawings  The thousands of engineers who manually worked on these designs rarely compared notes.  Boeing 787, parts manufactured in 5 continents Influence of BIM on Industry Problems Problem: Less Prefabrication more Onsite work BIM Solution: Design Accurately , More prefabrication 73

74. Influence of BIM on Industry Problems Problem: Poor Planning and Procurement Management Solution: Better Planning & Management 74

75. 75 Influence of BIM on Industry Problems Problem: Poor Planning and Procurement Management Solution: Better Planning & Management

87. Influence of BIM on Industry Problems Problem: Poor Facility Management Data BIM Solution: All building data at one place!  Using BIM the facility data as well as Operation Manuals of different building components can all be stored in one single model.  This data can be used for renovation as well as maintenance. 87

88.  Buildings around the globe consume about 48% of the total electricity produced.  Need of Green Buildings to decrease the demand. Typical Problems in Construction Industry Energy Consumption by Buildings 88

89. Impact of Construction Industry on Climatic Changes  The report, “Hot Cities: battle-ground for climate change" from the United Nations Human Settlement Program, or UN-HABITAT, shows that while the world's cities only cover 2 % of global land area, they account for a staggering 70 % of greenhouse-gas emissions.  If half of new commercial buildings were built to use 50% less energy, it would save over 6 million metric tons of CO2 annually for the life of the buildings—the equivalent of taking more than 1 million cars off the road every year. Typical Problems in Construction Industry Energy Consumption by Buildings 89

90. Importance of Green buildings for Pakistan  Pakistan with 2.56% of world population contributes only 0.8% to global GHG (Green House Gases) emissions yet ranks 16th on Climatic Change Vulnerability Index.  Pakistan was most affected country for 2010.  Climatic Changes costing economy $14 Billion a year (35.6% of economy- 2014-2015)  Frequent Floods and Droughts. Typical Problems in Construction Industry Energy Consumption by Buildings 90

91.  BIM allows energy analysis for sustainable design at early phase of design.  Energy analysis of different design options can be easily performed making the final building more green. BIM Solution More Sustainable Design 91

92. BIM Applications 92

93. 3D  Existing Conditions Models - Laser Scanning - Ground Penetration Radars (GPR) conversions  Safety & Logistics Models  Animations, renderings, walk- throughs  BIM driven prefabrication  Clash Detection  Laser accurate BIM driven site layout 3D Model: Visualization Model 93

94. 4D Model: Time Model 4D SCHEDULING  Project Phasing Simulations  Visual Validation for Payment Approval 94

95. 5D ESTIMATING  Real time conceptual modeling and cost planning  Quantity extraction to support detailed cost estimates  Trade verifications from Models  Value Engineering 5D Model: Cost Model 95

96. 6D SUSTAINABILITY  Conceptual energy analysis  Detailed energy analysis  Life cycle energy performance of building  Lighting and day lighting analysis  Sun & shadow studies  Airflow Analysis  Climate Analysis  Solar Radiation Analysis 6D Model: Energy Model 96

97. 7D FACILITY MANAGEMENT APPLICATIONS  BIM embedded O&M manuals  Computerized building database for record, renovation and maintenance. 7D Model: Facility Management 97

98. Applications 2D Drawings Shadow Study Energy Analysis Heating & Cooling Load Calculations Structural Analysis Lighting Analysis Clash Detection Visualization 98

99. Applications Schedules & Quantities Construction Simulation 99

100. BIM Advantages 99

101. BIM Advantages  Let repetitive work be done by the machine  Draw more precisely  Draw quicker  Concentrate on the building instead of the drawing  Get rid of paper by electronic documents  Let ‘intelligent’ functionality take care of certain tasks (automation) 100

102. Benefits of BIM  Better outcomes through collaboration  Enhanced performance  Optimized solutions  Greater predictability  Faster project delivery  Reduced risk factor  Fits first time  Reduced waste  Whole life asset management  Continual improvement 101

103. Benefits of BIM : What the BIM users Say? Improved Collective Understanding of Design Intent Improved overall project quality Reduced conflicts during construction Reduced changes during construction Fast Client Approval Cycles Better cost control/predictability Reduced number of RFIs (Requests for Information) 69 % 62 % 59 % 56 % 44 % 43 % 43 % Source: McGraw Hill Construction 2010 102

104. Benefits of BIM : What the BIM users Say? 104

105. BIM Workflow 105

106. Level of details (LOD) in BIM LOD-100 Conceptual Design Non-geometric lines, areas or volume zones Scheduling Total Project Construction duration Cost Estimation Conceptual cost estimation Energy Analysis Strategy and performance criteria based on volumes and areas Milestones Outline Planning Permission and Project feasibility 106

107. Level of details (LOD) in BIM LOD-200 Preliminary Design Three dimension-generic elements Scheduling Time-scaled, ordered appearance of major activities Cost Estimation Estimated cost based on measurement of generic element Energy Analysis Conceptual design based on geometry and assumed system types Milestones Planning Approval and Design & Build Tender Documentation 107

108. Level of details (LOD) in BIM LOD-300 Detailed design Specific elements with dimensions, capacities and space relationships Scheduling Time scaled ordered appearance of detailed assemblies Cost Estimation Estimated cost based on measurement of specific assembly Energy Analysis Approximate simulation Milestones Building Plan Approval, Continued Design & Build Tender Documentation or Design-Bid- Build Tender Documentation 108

109. Level of details (LOD) in BIM LOD-400 Construction Design Shop Drawing/fabrication with manufacture, installation and other specified information Scheduling Fabrication and assembly detail including construction means and methods Cost Estimation Committed purchase price of specific assembly at buyout Energy Analysis Precise simulation based on specific information Milestones Constructability and Fabrication 109

110. Level of details (LOD) in BIM LOD-500 Design As built Scheduling N/A Cost Estimation As built Energy Analysis Commissioning and recording of measured performance Milestones Final Completion 110

111. Some BIM Softwares 111 $5775 $6825 $ 4250 $8195 $120/anum

112. System Requirement Minimum  Processor i5  8 Gb RAM  1 Gb graphics card (optional) Recommended  Processor i7  16 Gb Ram  2 Gb graphics card (optional) 112

113. BIM Architectural Model ArchitectureStructure MEP Concept Sketch Concept Framing Sketch Concept Services Sketch ConceptDD+AnalysisFinalD+D BIM Workflow 113

114. ArchitectureStructure MEP PHOENICS IES STEPS ETABS STRAND7 RAM Robot BIM Structure Model BIM MEP Model BIM Coordination Model ConceptDD+AnalysisFinalD+D BIM Architectural Model BIM Workflow DiALux 114

115. ArchitectureStructure MEP Final BIM Structural Final D+D MEP Final D+D Architecture Final D+D ConceptDD+AnalysisFinalD+D BIM Workflow 115

116. BIM Co-ordination Model BIM Architectural Model ArchitectureStructure MEP Concept Sketch Concept Framing Sketch Concept Services Sketch PHOENICS IES STEPS ETABS STRAND7 RAM Robot BIM Structure Model BIM MEP Model Final BIM Structural Final D+D MEP Final D+DArchitecture Final D+D ConceptDD+AnalysisFinalD+D BIM Workflow DIALux 116

117. Architectural Model Structural Model Plumbing Model Electrical Model HVAC Model BIM Workflow 117

118. BIM Architectural Model Structural Model MEP Model QTO Visualization Energy Analysis Solar Study & Lighting Analysis Structural Analysis Clash Detection BIM Workflow 118

119. Work sharing Work sets Defined Elements assigned to work sets. Central file saved on shared location Users Generate Local files Owner assignment Collaborative working Synchronize 119

120. Clash Detection in BIM Structural Model Mechanical Model 120

121. Clash Detection in BIM 121

122. Clash Detection in BIM 122

123. 123

124. Lighting Analysis in BIM Architectural Model Electrical Fixtures Analysis Software 124

125. Shadow Study  Solar studies can be easily performed at early stages of design.  Building orientation, windows and lights placement can be made using these studies.  Day to Night solar study.  Season to season solar study. 125

126. Shadow Study Winter Solar Study 126

127. Shadow Study 127 Summer Solar Study

128. Wind Analysis Results NESPAK House Date: 19th November 2014 Time: 04:00 PM Wind Speed: 10.02 ft/s Wind Direction: From west to east 128

129. Heating & Cooling Loads  Heating and Cooling requirement of various design options can be obtained.  Materials and design with least energy requirement can be selected  Energy Efficient designs 129

130. Improved Project Management by BIM 130

131. Project Management Principles 131  Triple limit: Scope – Time Duration - Cost Duration Calendar Budget Cost Scope Performance

132. Construction Project phases 132

133. BIM in preconstruction Improved project scope definition 133  Better and effective communication with stakeholders regarding goals and requirements of a project.  Better depiction of reality using model makes easier to understand and see the consequences of decisions that are made in pre construction phase.  Reduced number of change orders, conflict and request for information ( RFI ).

134. BIM in preconstruction Budgeting 134  Automated model generated BOQ’s gives accurate quantities at very early stages of design.  Different design alternatives cost can be generated in less time.  Supports complete lifecycle, cost estimate of different phases of construction can be obtained.

135. BIM in preconstruction Coordinated errorless design and drawings 135  Clash detection of different systems at design stage.  Error less, reliable and coordinated design and drawings.

136. BIM in Construction Site Planning 136  Construction site can be effectively managed using visualization.  Crane location and operation can be visualized earlier.  Logistics organization can be planned better.

137. BIM in Construction Scheduling 137  3D schedule enables better planning.  Current techniques (Gantt chart, network diagrams) can be supported with visuals.  Easy to understand for non technical people.  Subsequent day/week/month activities can be visualized by construction team to plan their work.  Help determine which thing should come first.  Reduces construction errors and wastage of material.

138. BIM in Construction Procurement Management 138  Phasing models can be used to get accurate quantities of materials with respect to time.  Less material to be stored on site, help prevent physical damages and stealing issues.  Automated field material ordering.

139. BIM in Construction Safety Management 139

140. BIM in Project Monitoring & Controlling 140  Schedule and cost progress can be compared with model.  Contractors, subcontractors can be asked to submit current models to show their progress.  Cost variance can be checked by using models.

141. BIM in Risk Management 141  BIM allows us to look into the future and experience how the facility will work before completion, thus eliminating or reducing significant risks.  Better visualization in earlier phase reduce design changes, change orders at construction stage.  Collisions detected before the start of construction can prevent rework in the field.  Model generated drawings and documents reduce errors and omission risk associated with design documents.

142. BIM and Sustainability 142  Site conditions can by analyzed including wetlands and protected habitats, using the site model to coordinate logistics better to eliminate potential issues.  If a model is available of an existing building, contractor can use the data to determine which material can be reused or recycled.  Model can be used to determine and track amount of recycled content usage percentages of the project.  Material radius ( 500 mile- LEED requirement)

143. BIM & Design Team Members 143

144. Architects  Better visualization during design.  Conceptual model can be used for further work.  Focused effort on design rather than documentation.  Changes easily accommodated in drawings and documents.  Better presentations for clients.  Design intent can be communicated to design participants effectively and efficiently.  Solar studies, energy analysis at conceptual stage helps to create sustainable designs.  Single model can be used for various purposes and can be further transferred to other design participants for there use. 144

145. Structural Engineer  Single model can be used for drawing generation as well as for analysis.  Change in design can be accommodated easily without extra time and effort.  More project details can be developed in early stages of design.  Less time spent on production of drawings and documentation. 145

146. BIM Modeling Physical Model Analytical Model Structural Engineer

147. Traditional Work Flow  Structural Software very isolated in terms of the information they provide upstream and downstream. Architectural Drawings Interpretation of drawings Identification of Structural Information Development of Analyses model Development of framing plans etc. by draftsman Code Verifications Detail Drawings Passed onto other design team members Structural Engineer

148. Revit & ETABS/SAP2000 Link Linking Architectural Model Copying levels and grids Copy/Monitor structural elements Input from Structural drawings Structural Model ETABS/SAP2000 Structural Analyses Revit Model ETABS Model Detail Drawings Passed onto other Design team members Structural Engineer

149. HVAC & Plumbing Engineer  Heating & Cooling loads can be easily obtained using architectural model.  Coordination with other specialties.  More design effort results in less work on site.  Precise prefabrication due to accurate designs. 149

150. Electrical Engineer  Architect’s model can be used for lighting analysis.  Same electrical model can be used for analysis as well as for documentation purposes. 150

151. BIM Roles – Project Design 151

152. BIM around the Globe 152

153. 51% 153

154. Government Supported BIM Initiatives  Finland  Norway  Denmark  Singapore  United States of America  United Kingdom  Australia 154

155. United States  In 2003 General Services Administration (GSA), through its Public Buildings Service (PBS) Office of Chief Architect (OCA), established the National 3D-4D-BIM Program.  In 2006 the GSA mandated that new buildings designed through its Public Buildings Service use BIM in the design stage.  For all major projects receiving design funding in Fiscal Year 2007 and beyond, GSA requires BIM in them. 155

156. The Panama Canal Expansion Project Location : San diego, U.S. Cost: $6 billion Type: Expansion project 156

157. VivaNext Bus Rapid Transit system project Location: Toronto , Canada Cost : $730 million project Type : 7km of roadways, 22stations , two bridges 157

158. United Kingdom  The Government Construction Strategy was published by the Cabinet office on 31 May 2011. The report announced the Governments intention to require: collaborative 3D BIM (with all project and asset information, documentation and data being electronic) on its projects by 2016. 158

159. Use of BIM in UK 95 93 81 54 93 91 77 43 94 90 75 41 86 82 62 31 In 5 years' time we will use BIM In 3 years' time we will use BIM In 1 year's time we will use BIM Currently use BIM USE OF BIM 2010 2011 2012 2013 NBS- National BIM Report 2014 159

160. European Union  European Union Public Procurement Directive (EUPPD)- January 2014 requires that all the 28 European Member States may encourage, specify or mandate the use of BIM for publicly funded construction and building projects in the European Union by 2016. 160

161. BIM in China  BIM has been included as part of the National 12th Five Year Plan (2011 – 2015).  The China BIM Union has been approved as the China Industry Technology Innovation Strategic Alliance by the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China in 2013. 161

162. BIM in Singapore  The Building and Construction Authority (BCA) has announced that BIM would be introduced for architectural, structural and M&E submissions (by 2014) and eventually for plan submissions of all projects with gross floor area of more than 5,000 square meters by 2015.  This is part of the government’s plan to improve the construction industry’s productivity by up to 25% over the next decade. 162

163. BIM in South Korea  South Korea’s Public Procurement Service made the use of BIM compulsory for all projects over $40 million and for all public sector projects by 2016. 163

164. BIM in Dubai  As of 1st January 2014, Dubai Municipality has made application of BIM modelling to Architectural and Electro-Mechanical (MEP) works mandatory for the following: 1. Buildings with more than 40 stories height. 2. Buildings with area more than 300,000 square feet. 3. Specialized buildings such as Hospitals, Universities and all similar buildings. 4. All buildings submitted by foreign offices. 164

165. BIM in Iran  The Iran Building Information Modeling Association (IBIMA) shares knowledge resources to support construction engineering management decision- making. It was founded in 2012 by professional engineers from five universities in Iran, including the Civil and Environmental Engineering Department at Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran 165

166. Use of BIM in India  BIM is gaining popularity among professionals / organizations within the Indian built environment sector.  It is largely in its ‘experimentation’ phase in India as compared to the developed world, especially when the maturity and level of implementation is taken into account.  India is becoming a major BIM Outsourcing Engine. 166

167. BIM in India  Bangalore Metro System mandates BIM  Mott MacDonald is providing detailed engineering and architectural services 167

168. BIM in India Chennai International Airport Expansion Project Designer: Frederic Schwartz Architects (USA) Hargreaves Associates (USA) Gensler (USA) Creative Group (India) Yugasoft (India) Contractor: Herve Pomerleau International (Canada) Punj Lloyd (India) L&T (India) Nagarjuna Constructions (India) Use of BIM reduced the material wastage by 3.5 to 4% and increased productivity by more than 30% : Yugasoft 168

169. Project : Power Plant Category : Industrial - Plant Location : Vidharbha(India) Area : 1,85,600 sq mtr BIM in India 169

170. Project : Personal Rapid Transit Category : Transportation Location : Amritsar, India Length : 4 km track & 7 stations BIM in India 170

171. Project : IBIS Hotel Location : Chennai (India) Contractor : SSPDL Interserve Private Ltd Area : 16,481 sq mtr BIM in India 171

172. Current State of BIM in the Middle East  A rapid uncontrolled demand of BIM  Qatar is leading  Government and Owners showing interest  Contractors and Consultants seeking to quickly adopt BIM  Technology driven BIM, little emphasis on strategy, process or Standards 172

173. Major Projects across Middle East mandated with BIM Abu Dhabi Airport Midfield Terminal Buildings Category: Airport Capacity: 20 million people Contractor: TAV, CCC and Arabtec. Consultant: Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates, Engineering Consultants Group 173

174. Major Projects across Middle East mandated with BIM Al Mafraq Hospital Category: Hospital Location: Abu Dhabi Architect: Burt Hill Contractor: Habtoor Leighton Group 174

175. Major Projects across Middle East mandated with BIM King Abdul Aziz Center for World Culture Caragory: Cultural Building Location: Saudi Arabia Area: 80,000 sqm Architect: Snohetta Contractor: Saudi Oger 175

176. Major Projects across Middle East mandated with BIM Doha Metro Gold Line Category: Transportation Location: Doha,Qatar Consultant: Atkins Contractors: L&T along with its joint-venture (JV) partners Aktor in Greece, Yapi Merkezi Insaat and STFA Group of Turkey, and Qatar's Al Jaber Engineering 176

177. Major Projects across Middle East mandated with BIM Masdar Headquarters Category: City Headquarter Building Location: Abu Dhabi Area: 100,00 sqm Architect: Adrian Smith + Gordon Gill Architecture Contractor: Brookfield Multiplex World first positive energy building (planned) 177

178. Major Projects across Middle East mandated with BIM Louvre Museum Category: Cultural Building Location: Abu Dhabi Area: 24,000 sqm Architect: Jean Nouvel Structural engineer: Buro Happold 178

179. BIM In Pakistan 179

180. NESPAK HOUSE- ISLAMABAD Architectural Model 180

181. NESPAK HOUSE- ISLAMABAD Structural Model 181

182. NESPAK HOUSE- ISLAMABAD HVAC Model 182

183. Rendered Image Rendered Image 183

184. Rendered Image 184

185. Clash Detection Results 185

186. 1st Floor vs Ground Floor vertical Duct Clash Detection Results 186

187. 4’-2” 4th Floor Vertical Duct vs 5th Floor slab Clash Detection Results 187

188. Return Duct passing through Plumbing soil and drainage shaft Clash Detection Results 188

189. Quantity Takeoff Results Item Model Quantity NESPAK BOQ Unit Concrete in RCC Walls 17006 17250 Cft Concrete in Columns 16959 17000 Cft Concrete in Raft Foundations 62863 63100 Cft Bricks 40266 42400 Cft Wood Skirting 3261 3000 Rft 189

190. Energy Analysis Results Annual Carbon Emissions = 40 tons/ yr (Actual) Saved = 27 tons/yr % Saved = 40 % Annual Carbon Emissions = 67 tons/yr (Conceptual) 190

191. Potential Energy Savings/Loss (Conceptual) Potential Energy Savings/Loss (Actual) Energy Analysis Results 191

192. Heating & Cooling Loads With Cladding Without Cladding Saved Peak Load Value (Tons/h) 343 408 65 Cost per anum (diesel) Rs 21.3 millions Rs 24.7 millions Rs 4.05 millions 192

193. Lighting Analysis Results NESPAK House – Ground Floor 9 AM 1 September Artificial Lights only 193

194. Lighting Analysis Results NESPAK House – Ground Floor 3 pm 01 September Sun+ Artificial 194

195. Lighting Analysis Results NESPAK House – Ground Floor Right wing 4pm 17 November Sun + Artificial Lights 195

196. Wind Analysis Results NESPAK House Date: 19th November 2014 Time: 04:00 PM Wind Speed: 10.02 ft/s Wind Direction: From west to east 196

197. Structural Analysis 197

198. Structural Analysis Moment Distribution Deflections 198

199. Structural Analysis Detailed Beam Analysis Report Detailed Column Analysis Report 199

200. Results-Errors in Drawings Ventilator size inappropriate, colliding with column 200

201. Results-Errors in Drawings Ventilators out of alignment 201

202. Awkward projection in upper basement Results- Errors in Drawings 202

203. Collision of pipes in plumbing model Results 203

204. Setting elevation of plumbing pipes Results 204

205. Enhanced Visualization highlights extraneous elements not visible in 2D Results 205

206. Difference between architectural and structural drawing Results 206

207. JINNAH POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL COMPLEX- KARACHI Architectural Model 207

208. 208

209. 209

210. JINNAH POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL COMPLEX- KARACHI Structural Model Ground +5, 400 Bed Project Cost : Rs 942 Million Area: 60,000 sq ft 210

211. 211 HVAC Model

212. 212 Plumbing Model

213. 213 HVAC & Plumbing Model

214. Families 214

215. 215 Coordination between systems For clash detection

216. 216

217. 217

218. 218 Clash

219. 219

220. 220 Clash

221. 221

222. 222

223. Quantity Takeoff Results Item Model Quantity BOQ Unit Door D3a 17 15 No Door D7 17 7 No Door SGD1 711 711 Sft Door SGD2 805 920 Sft Door D1 1720 1880 Sft Door D1a 2573 1873 Sft Door D1b 588 462 Sft Door D2 5208 489 Sft Door D3 2215 1456 Sft Door D4 1248 1280 Sft 223

224. Quantity Takeoff Results Item Model Quantity BOQ Unit Door D5 1480 1160 Sft Door D5a 1728 1536 Sft Door D6 240 432 Sft Window W1 672 678 Sft Window 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12 8407 8357 Sft Window V1,V2,V3 312 261 Sft Fixed type FG 1753 479 Sft ½” thick plaster with 1:6 cement sand mortar on interior walls 494282 454384 Sft 3/4” thick, 1:4 cement sand plaster to exterior surface 142183 134676 Sft 224

225. Quantity Takeoff Results Item Model Quantity BOQ Unit Aluminum perforated (24”X24”) false ceiling 14722 15566 Sft Gypsum board (24”x24” / 4’ x 8’) false ceiling 130783 146904 Sft 24”x24” anti microbial aluminum false ceiling 8449 16366 Sft Porcelain tile 24” x 24” 108627 99194 Sft Porcelain tile 12” x 24” 8892 10963 Sft Footing / Foundations Concrete 80307 83632 Cft Plinth Beams Concrete 8799 8945 Cft UG Water tank Concrete 4753 4586 Cft Sub Structure Shear Walls Concrete 2734 3006 Cft 225

226. Lighting Analysis Results JPMC Oncology– 5th Floor 9 am 01 January Artificial Intermediate Sky 226

227.  93 issues identified and catered for in architectural drawings.  About 40 issue identified and catered for in structural drawings. Errors 227

228. Typical Errors 228 Different door dimension in plan and section

229. Typical Errors 229 Contradiction in labelled and drawing dimension

230. Typical Errors 230 Doors without tags

231. Typical Errors 231 Contradiction in drawing

232. DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT (DFID)- Schools Project 232

235. 235 Workflow One Room Modules : 3 Purpose : Construction Documentation

236. 236 Workflow Two Rooms Modules : 3 Purpose : Construction Documentation

237. Construction Industry with BIM 237

238. BIM Implementation Challenges  Training  Time / initial impact on productivity  Current project delivery methods don’t support collaboration  Interoperability  Hardware requirements  Level of detail modelled  Standardizing BIM output  Resistance – “haven’t we been through this before? It’ll never work….” 238

239. Construction Industry with BIM New Business Offer New Services Increased Profits 239

240. Overall Better Project Outcomes Reduced Overall Project Duration Reduced Construction Cost 240Construction Industry with BIM

241. Reduced Rework Reduced Documents Errors & Omissions Energy Efficient Designs 241Construction Industry with BIM

242. 242Construction Industry with BIM

243. Way forward  Recognize future benefits of BIM  Act now, be the local market leader  Compulsory element to compete in international markets  Support employees in seeking new knowledge  Consider including BIM approaches in the companies future vision and mission  Actively contribute to innovative industry research  Implement BIM processes continuously in the service provision 243

244. 244

245. Thank You! 245

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