1. Experience from Packaging Recovery Organizations in Europe
Joachim Quoden, Managing Director
Conference:
Key outcomes of the OECD EPR Forum
Moving Forward & Next Steps
Tokyo, June 19, 2014

2. Joachim Quoden – www.quoden.com
• Profession: Lawyer since 1995
• 10/92 – 01/93: German Ministry of Environment
• 02/93 – 06/06: German Green Dot scheme in
various capacities, i.e. Head of
International Affairs
• 10/00 – 02/13: Secretary General respective
Managing Director of PRO EUROPE
• 05/13 - …: Managing Director of EXPRA

3. • Extended Producer Responsibility Alliance -
Established in 2013.
• New coalition for packaging and packaging
waste recovery and recycling systems
(compliance schemes) which are owned by
obliged industry.
• Strong focus on inhabitants and packaging waste
arising at municipal / household level.
• Currently, 19 members in 16 European countries
and in Israel and Quebec, Canada.
• Working in close partnership with obliged
companies and local authorities.
We are EXPRA
3

4. Our current EXPRA Members
EEQ
Canada
Fost Plus
Belgium
Eco
Embes
Spain
CONAI
Italy
Nedvang
Netherlands
EKO KOM
Czech
Republic
Valorlux
Luxembourg
Eco Rom
Romania
Eco Pack
Bulgaria
Envipak
Slovakia
Green-
pak
Malta
Green Dot
Cyprus
CEVKO
Turkey
Green Dot
Norway
TMIR
Israel
PAKOMAK
Macedonia
Öko
Pannon
Hungary
Ecovidrio
Spain
Herrco
Greece
4
More to come very shortly!

5. Our EXPRA mission
To enable members to
continuously improve
their services by
ensuring low costs to
their client companies
and convenient
infrastructure for
inhabitants
To promote a
sustainable and
efficient, not-for-
profit/profit-not-for-
distribution EPR
scheme, driven by the
obliged industry and
offering a service of
public or collective
interest.
To provide a platform
for exchange of
experience and know
how for our members
but also for other
stakeholders
5

6. 6
f
r
a
m
e
w
o
r
k
t
r
e
a
t
m
e
n
t
Waste Framework
Directive (2008/98/EC)
Waste Shipment
Regulation
(1030/2006/EC)
Industrial Emissions
Directive, incl. waste
incineration (2010/75/EU)
Landfill Directive
(1999/31/EC)
Seweg
e
sludge
86/278/
EEC
PPWD
94/92/EC
PCB/PC
T
96/59/E
C
ELV
00/53/E
C
Batteri
es
06/1013/
EC
RoHS 2x
11/65/E
U
WEEE 2
12/19/E
U
The EU Legislative Framework on Waste
s
t
r
e
a
m
s
- 5 -

7. Recycling rates for different waste streams
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
EEA countries
Recycling rates
Packaging waste
(EU27+NO,LI)
Total waste
excluding major
mineral wastes
(EU28+NO)
6 Source: EEA, based on Eurostatdata 7

8. EU Average Packaging recycling rates by material
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Paper and
cardboard
Plastics Wood Metals Glass
2005
2011
7 Source: EEA,based on Eurostatdata 8

9. 9
Overall Packaging Recycling Quotas in 2011
Source: Eurostatdata

10. 10
Plastic Packaging Recycling Quotas in 2011
Source: Eurostatdata

11. 11
Implementation of the Packaging
Directive in Europe
3 countries without any
compliance scheme =>
Taxes
Denmark, Hungary,
Croatia
Tax versus EPR
continuous discussion
Ukraine ?
EPR, but close to market
UK
30 with Producer Responsibility
Austria, Belgium, France, Spain, Germany, Ireland, Cyprus, Luxembourg, Portugal,
Sweden, Greece, Latvia, Malta, Lithuania, Czech Republic, Slovak Republic, Italy,
Slovenia, Estonia, Romania, Bulgaria, Turkey, Norway, Finland, Serbia, Israel, Netherlands,
Poland, Macedonia, Bosnia
1 country with Fund
Scheme run by industry
Iceland
36 European
countries

12. 12
„Dual model” (Austria, Germany, Sweden)
Full operational and financial responsibility for industry for
collection, sorting and recycling; separate collection system
besides collection of local authorities, very small influence from
local authorities
„Shared model” (e.g. France, Spain, Italy, Belgium, Netherlands,
Czech Republic, Norway etc)
Shared responsibility between industry and local authorities,
common agreements on the way of collection necessary
Municipalities responsible for collection and often for sorting
Financial responsibility of industry different from country to
country
“Tradable Credits” Model (UK, partly Poland)
No link between industry and municipalities
EPR: several ways of implementation:
“Operational and Financial Responsibility”

13. 13
„EPR System in hands of obliged industry“ (Belgium, Spain, Italy,
Netherlands, Norway, Czech, France, Ireland, Portugal, ….)
Obliged industry has created 1 common non profit entity that
collects the necessary funding, cooperates with local authorities
and ensures recycling in most cost-efficient + environmental way
„Vertical integrated systems“ (Germany, Poland, Romania, Bulgaria.. )
Several usually profit oriented entities compete to attract obliged
companies; waste management differs from country to country
“Tradable Credits” Model with several traders (UK)
No link between industry and municipalities, no operational
responsibility for industry, virtual competition
Producer responsibility- several ways of
implementation

14. 14
BIOIS Consultancy EPR Guidelines Study commissioned
by the European Commission
Follows 2012 study on the use of Economic Instruments and Waste
Management Performances, according to which:
EPR is an effective tool to shift waste streams to more
sustainable paths
Commission would like to developing
guidelines on EPR
Commissioned a 15 months study about
best practices in EPR and guidelines
36 national case studies:
http://epr.eu-smr.eu/documents

15. 15 Source: BIOIS preliminary findings of EPR study for EC

16. 16
Our EXPRA Beliefs for EPR Best Practices -1-
• EPR is not a stand-alone solution but needs a
comprehensive + integrated waste management approach
and system
• EPR organisations should be run by obliged companies on a
not-for-profit basis
• Focus on Separate collection and collection infrastructure
for inhabitants that covers also out of home consumption is
key for the success of the system!
• In order to ensure that the right legislation is in place
and implemented, different stakeholders have clear
roles to play, ensuring no conflict of interests!

17. 17
Our EXPRA Beliefs for EPR Best Practices -2-
• Transparency of operations and data is crucial
• The fees for all materials covered should be calculated
in a fair manner
• EPR organisations should control the use of the fees collected,
and influence infrastructure design if necessary
• The aim should be to continuously improve system
performance
• Packaging optimisation, design-for-recycling, clear
communication and education of inhabitants and
company representatives are essential parts of
successful EPR systems

18. 18
Moving towards better performance with key actors
with clearly defined roles and EPR principles
Actor 1:
Legislators
with a key role
to ensure
balanced
legislation
Actor 2:
Industry / EPR
schemes with
a key role to
take financial
and
coordination
responsibility
• Set up efficient EPR systems
• Coordinate relation with all partners
involved
• Provide tender contracts and tender
books
• Ensure quality and ensure that quality
requirements are fulfilled
• Take ownership over your
responsibility, no shopping card
• Transparency on all activities
• Recognition of best practices in EPR
in key EU legislation
• Ensuring the right level of control,
boundary conditions and
enforcement
• Outlining clear roles for all actors
involved
• Avoiding counterproductive
measures
• Implement legislation through
accreditation
• It all starts with good legislation!

19. 19
Moving towards better performance with key actors
and EPR principles
Actor 5:
The citizen with
a key role to
collect,
separate and
recycle
Actor 3:
Municipalities
with an
obligation to
cooperate
with the EPR
scheme to:
Actor 4:
The operator
(collection,
sorting
company or
recycler) with
a key role
• To provide qualitative services
• To come up with innovative
ideas
• Cooperate with the EPR scheme
• Implement separate collection
• Ensure quality of the services
provided through the operators
• Acknowledge the crucial role of
the citizens and carry out
awareness raising campaigns and
create incentives for citizens to
separate waste
• Apply the PAYT principle

20. Contact
Joachim Quoden
Managing Director
EXPRA aisbl
2 Avenue des Olympiades
1140 Brussels – Evere
Belgium
joachim.quoden@expra.eu
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21. PARTNERSHIP IS A KEY TO SUCCESS