Reptilian Fauna

1. “Diversity and status
of Reptilian Fauna in
Bangladesh”

2. Prepared By
Nusrat Hasan Kanika
Jagannath University, Dhaka.

3. Status code
Sl. No Abbreviation Short From
01 Critically Endangered CR
02 Endangered EN
03 Vulnerable VU
04 Lower Risk LR
05 Not Threatened NO
06 Data Deficiency DD
07 Common C
08 Uncommon UC
09 Rare R

4. Contributor Name and Their
Contribution
Sl. no Name & Roll Contribution
01 Suhel Chandra Das
(117402)
In order Serpentes,
02 Imran Al Fahad
(117435)
In order Testudines, Group Monitoring,
Literature Study.
03 Moumita Saha
Bristy (117461)
In order Crocodylia, Book collection,
Literature Study
04 Nusrat Hasan
Kanika (107419)
In order Lacertilia, Book collection, Idea
construction.

5. Who are Reptilian Animals?
The biggest clues for Reptilian are:
• They are cold-blooded or ectothermic
• They are covered in scales and scutes
• Reptiles are born on land and are born with
strong instincts
• Lays amniotic eggs

6. Classification of Reptiles
Reptilia
Lacertilia
Aganidae
Gekkonidae
Lacertidae
Scincidae
Varanidae
Testudines
Cheloniidae
Dermochelyidae
Geoemydidae
Testudinidae
Serpenters
Acrochordidae
Boidae
Colubridae
Elapidae
Hydrophyidae
Typhlopidae
Viperidae
Crocodylia
Crocdylidae
Gavialidae

7. Rate of Reptilian Animal Species
(According to their Order)
20%
18%
61%
1%
Orders of Reptile
Lacertilia
Testudines
Serpentes
Crocodylidae

8. Order-Lacertilia
Why they belong different
Order?
•Cylindrical body,
differentiated into head, body
and tail
•Fully developed four limbs
In our country till 34 species
are identified.

9. Family-Agamidae
•Body Covered with unequal
scales
•Eyes wit movable lids and
round pupil
•Much longer tail
•Breeding males often change
colour
Brachysaura minor
Ptyctolaemus gularis
Calotes versicolor

10. Status of Family-Agamidaes Species
Sl.
No
Order Family Scientific Name Local
Status
Global
Status
01 Lacertilia Agamidae Brachysaura minor RR Not Yet Been
Assessed
02 Calotes emma UC Not Yet Been
Assessed
03 Calotes jerdoni DD Not Yet Been
Assessed
04 Calotes versicolor NO Not Yet Been
Assessed
05 Draco blanfordii UC Not Yet Been
Assessed
06 Draco maculatus CR Not Yet Been
Assessed
07 Ptyctolaemus gularis VC Not Yet Been
Assessed

11. Family-Gekkonidae
•Many different in hand
staucture
•Scales are countable
•Femoral, Preanal pores,
Digital lamellae present
•Tail breakable
•Mostly nocturnal
Hemidactylus frenatus

12. Status of Family-Gekkonidae Species
Sl.
No
Order Family Scientific Name Local
Status
Global
Status
01 Lacertilia Gekkonidae Cyrtodactylus
ayeyarwadyensis
Not Yet
Been
Assessed
02 Cyrtodactylus khasiensis UC/C
03 Eublepheris hardwickii
04 Gekko gecko VU
05 Hemidactylus bowringii NO
06 Hemidactylus brookii C
07 Hemidactylus flaviviridis NO
08 Hemidactylus garnotii R
09 Hemidactylus platyurus RR
10 Hemidactylus frenatus NO LC

13. Family-Lacertidae
•Body slender, long tail
•Highly varied
patterns and colours
•Comparatively their
scales are larger on
head
Takydromus khasiensis

14. Status of Family-Lacertridae Species
Sl.
No
Order Family Scientific Name Local
Status
Global
Status
01 Lacertilia Lacertridae Takydromus khasiensis UC Not Yet Been
Assessed

15. Family-Scincidae
•No neck differentiated
from the body
•Scales smooth, glossy and
most look shiny
•Tail breakable
•Upper temporal fossa
roofed over, mainly by
postfrontal, no femoral or
preanal pores
Eutropis carinata

16. Status of Family-Scincidae Species
Sl. No Order Family Scientific Name Local
Status
Global
Status
01 Lacertilia Scincidae Asymblepharus sikimmensis FF
02 Eutropis carinata C
03 Eutropis dissimilis FF
04 Eutropis macularius RR
05 Eutropis multifasciata F
06 Lygosoma adbopunctata DD Not Yet Been
Assessed
07 Lygosoma bowringii RR
08 Lygosoma lineolatum RR
09 Lygosoma punctatus DD
10 Scineella reevesii RR
11 Sphenomorphus indicus UC
12 Sphenomorphus maculatus UC
13 Tropidophorus assamensis RR

17. Family-Varanidae
•Largest lizards
•Very powerful, bites
very nasty
•Tongue tip forked,
Jacobsons organs
Varanus bangalensis
Varanus flavescenus

18. Status of Family-Varanidae Species
Sl.
No
Order Family Scientific Name Local
Status
Global
Status
01 Lacertilia Varanidae Varanus bengalensis VU
02 Varanus flavescens EN
03 Varanus salvator EN
Not Yet Been
Assessed
04 Ophisaurus gracilis RR

19. Number of Species
(According to their Family Name of Order-Lacertilia)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Agamidae Gakkonidae Lacertidae Scincidae Varanidae

20. Order :Testudinata
(Formerly known as Chelonia)
• Rigid shell enclosing the internal
organs
Carapace= dorsal part
Plastron= ventral part
• Shell is composed of dermal bony
elements covered by keratinous
scutes or leathery skin;
• Shell incorporates ribs,
vertebrae,portions of pectoral
girdle
• Plastron can be rigidor hinged

21. • Absence of teeth (keratinous beak
instead)
• Freshwater species carnivorous,
omnivorous, or herbivorous;
terrestrial usually herbivorous.
• Limb structure– flippers (marine
species), webbing between digits
(freshwater species), stout limbs
with thickened pads (terrestrial
species

22. According to IUCN,
total 285 species under 13 families of Testudines
present in the whole World.
But Bangladesh supports 29 species under order
Testudinata, of which 24 inland and 5 marine
which are under 4 families……..

23. Testudines
Inland
Family 1:
Testudinidae
Family 2:
Geoemydide
Marine
Family 3:
Cheloniidae
Family 4 :
Dermochelyidae

24. List of species under Families
Family Testudinidae Geoemydidae Cheloniidae Dermoche-
lyidae
Number
of
Species
2 22 4 1

25. Species Diversity in Bangladesh of
Order: Serpentes (According to their Family Name)
7%
76%
14%
3%
Testudinidae Geoemydidae Cheloniidae Dermochelyidae

26. Point Tortoise Turtle
Definition
A Tortoise is a reptile from the
Chelonian family and dwells well
on land.
A Turtle is a reptile from the
Chelonian family and dwells well in
the water.
Family Testudinidae
Numerous families, including
Dermatemydidae , Emydidae
Batagaridae, Cheloniidae etc.
Distribution
Found mostly in Asia and Africa
but some species exist in Americas
too.
Africa, America.
Shape of the
shell
Mostly large dome shaped shells
(with bumps on the top in some
species).
Mostly flat, streamlined shells.
Limbs
Feet are short and sturdy with
bent legs.
Webbed feet with long claws.
Diet
Most are herbivores, but some
species prefer live food.
Eats fruits, veggies, leafy vegetation
and meat, hence they are
omnivores.
Lifespan
80-150 years. The longest living
Tortoise is 326 years.
20-40 years. The oldest was 86
years.

27. Family:
Testudinidae
Photo of Elongated Tortoise
Photo of Asian Giant Tortoise
• All are land
tortoise
• Have very hard
shell
• Scaly leg present
• Elephantine
hindlimb present

28. Status and distribution of family
Testudinidae
SL
no
Scientific Name Local English Name Local Status Global
Status
Distribution
1 Indotestudo
elongata
Elongated Tortoise
/ Halud Pharai
Kossop
Endangered VU NE and SE
2 Manouria emys Asian Giant
(Burmese
Mountain) Tortoise
Endangered VU Reported in
CHT Hilltracts

29. Family:
Geoemydidae
Photo of Bostami turtle
Photo of Indian Eyed Turtle
•Include Batagaridae
and Amedidae
•Mostly aquatic
•Carapace hard
• Webbed toes

30. Photo of Indian Peacock
Soft shell Turtle (Nilssonia
hurum
Photo of Four-toed (River)
Terrapin (Batagur baska)

31. Family:
Cheloniidae
•All are marine
•Body covered
with scutes, not
skin
•Flipper like
forelimb
•Claw absent
Photo of Loggerhead Sea turtle
Photo of Hawksbill Sea turtle

32. Photo of Green Sea turtle Photo of Ridley olive turtle

33. Status and distribution of family
cheloniidae
SL
No
Scientific Name Local English
Name
Local Status Global
Status
Distribution
1 Caretta caretta Loggerhead Turtle Endangered EN Vagrant, no
recent nesting
2 Chelonia mydas Green Turtle Endangered EN
Nests St.
Martin’s Island
3 Eretmochelys
imbricata
Hawksbill Turtle Critically
Endangered
CR Vagrant
4 Lepidochelys
olivacea
Olive Ridley Turtle Vulnerable
EN
Martin’s
Island and
chars off
Sundarbans

34. Family :
Dermochelyidae
Photo of Leatherback sea turtle
• Largest marine
turtle
• Rather than a
shell covering with
scutes, leatherback
have leathery skin
• Flipper like
forelimbs
• Claw absent

35. Status and distribution of family
Dermochelyidae
SL
No
Scientific Name Local English
Name
Local Status Global Status Distribution
1
Dermochelys
coriacea
Leatherback
Sea Turtle
Critically
Endangered
EN
Vagrant

36. Order : Serpentes
• All snakes are included in serpentes order
• They are ectothermic
• No limbs
• No eyelids, external ear
• Only one functional lung
• Skin is covered by scales
• They are poisonous or non-poisonous

37. • More than 20 families, 500 genera and 3400
species are recognised in the world.
• In Bangladesh 7 families, 46 genera and 94
species are found( IUCN).

38. Family 1:
Acrochordidae
Family 2:
Boidae
Family 3:
Colubridae
Family 4:
Elapidae
Family 5:
Hydrophyidae
Family 6:
Typhlopidae
Family 7:
Viperidae

39. Number of Species
Family Species
1. Acrochordidae 1
2. Boidae 3
3. Colubridae 56
4. Elapidae 10
5. Hydrophyidae 12
6. Typhlopidae 4
7. Viperidae 4

40. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN POISONOUS AND NON-
POISONOUS SNAKES

41. Family :
Acrochordidae
Western wart snake (Acrochordus
granulatus)
•Known as wart
snake or elephant
trunk snakes
• All are aquatic
• Skin covered with
tiny scales
• Short and blunt
head

42. Family :
Boidae
Rock python( Python molirus)
Sand Boa(Gongylophis conicus)
•Primitive and largest
snakes
•They are non-
poisonous
•Most have vestigial
limbs
•Females usually grow
larger than males

43. Family :
Colubridae
Buff-striped Keelback(Amphiesma
stolatum)
Threatened green cat snake
• Largest family of
snakes
• Lack of pelvic girdle
• Lack a functioning
left lung
• Head is covered by
large plate like scales
• Some Colubrids eat
other snakes including
venomous snakes

44. Family :
Elapidae
• All are venomous,
some are highly
venomous
• Have hollow , fixed
fangs used to inject
venom
• most have long
slender bodies with
smooth scales
•Most elapids are
oviparous
•Most are active hunter
Common Indian krait (Bungarus
caeruleus)
Banded krait(Bungarus fasciatus)

45. Family:
Hydrophyidae
Hook nosed sea snake(Enhydrina
schistosa)
Striped sea snake(Hydrophis fasciatus)
•Most are sea snakes
•They have vertically
flattend tails,valvular
nostrills
•The morphology of
Hydrophyidae
resembles the elapids
•Ventral scales
reduced or absent

46. FAMILY: TYPHLOPIDAE
Blind snakes.
 Most primitive snakes as with
uniform cycloid scales.
 Small, Burrowing.
 Mouth shovel-like.
 Eyes are vestigial but
light-detecting black eye spots
present.
 Teeth occur in the upper jaw.
 Very short tail ends with a horn-like
scale.
4 species of Typhlopids ,in
Bangladesh.
Ramphotyphlops
braminus
Typhlops
diardii

47. STATUS OF SPECIES- FAMILY: TYPHLOPIDAE
Sl. no Family Local name Scientific name Local
status
Global
Status
1.
Typhlopidae
Bamon
Dumukha
Shap
Ramphotyphlops
braminus
C Not Yet
Been
Assessed
2. Mota
Dumukha
Shap
Typhlops diardii R Least
Concern
3. Jerdoner
Dumukha
Shap
Typhlops jerdonii C Not Yet
Been
Assessed
4. Shoru
Dumukha
Shap
Typhlops porrectus UC Not Yet
Been
Assessed

48. FAMILY: VIPERIDAE
All venomous.
 Head broad, triangular; distinct from
neck.
 Heavy bodied with relatively short,
slender tail.
 Most viviparous.
4 species of Viperids, in Bangladesh.
Daboia russelii
Ovophis monticola

49. STATUS OF SPECIES- FAMILY:VIPERIDAE
Sl. no Family Local name Scientific
name
Local
status
Global
Status
1.
Viperidae
Chandrabora Daboia
russelii
CR Not Yet
Been
Assessed
2. Chhopjukta
Sabuj Bora
Ovophis
monticola
R (DD) Least
Concern
3. Sabuj Bora Trimeresurus
albolabris
C
4 Mohonar
Shabuj Bora
Trimeresurus
popeiorum
R

50. SPECIES DIVERSITY IN BANGLADESH OF
ORDER: SERPENTES (ACCORDING TO THEIR FAMILY NAME)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60

51. Order:Crocodylia
 Very heavy limbed, carnivorous,
lizard-like ,aquatic reptiles.
 Body covered with hard
epidermal shields.
 Prolonged snout.
 Powerful jaws with bluntly
conical teeth.
 4 chambered heart reptiles.
 Oviparous.
In Bangladesh , 2 species are
found in nature.

52. Family: Crocodylidae
Crocodiles.
 Moderately long and
pointed snout.
 Shields behind head are
characterized for spp.
Now only 1 spp. in
Bangladesh. Crocodylus palustris
Crocodylus Porosus

53. STATUS OF SPECIES-FAMILY:
CROCODYLIDAE
Sl. no Family Local name Scientific name Local
status
Global
status
1.
Crocodylidae
Lona panir
kumir
Crocodylus
porosus
CR LR
2.
Mithapani
r Kumir
Crocodylus
palustris
Extinct VU

54. FAMILY: GAVIALIDAE
Gharials
 Longest, slender snout.
 Snout with a bulbous tip(male).
Gavialis
gangeticus
Gharials
Longest, slender snout
Snout with a bulbous tip (Male)

55. STATUS OF SPECIES- FAMILY: GAVIALIDAE
Sl. no Family Local name Scientific name Local
status
Global
status
1. Gavialidae Ghot
Kumir
Gavialis
gangeticus
CR EN

56. SPECIES DIVERSITY IN BANGLADESH OF
ORDER:CROCODYLIA
(ACCORDING TO THEIR FAMILY NAME)
Crocodylidae
50%
Gavialidae
50%

57. COMPARATIVE LIST OF REPTILES IN
BANGLADESH
Group Work out by Year No. of Species
Reptiles
Khan 1982 124
IUCN 2000 126
EFFB
(Encyclopedia of
Bangladesh)
2009 147
Khan MH 2008 158
Khan 2010 157
Khan 2014 174

58. THANK YOU ALL