This document defines matter as anything that takes up space and has mass. It discusses the key characteristics of matter as mass and volume, which can be measured using a balance and containers respectively. Several specific properties of matter are outlined, including hardness, brittleness, elasticity and density. Properties of different materials like conductivity of heat, transparency and impermeability are also explained.

2. Matter
We can find matter in air, rocks, human beings,
water, etc.
It is anythign that takes space and mass.
It has two main characteristics: mass and volume

3. Mass
It is the quantity of
matter a body has.
It is measured in
kilograms (kgs) and
grams (g).
We use a balance to
calculate it.

4. Volume
It is the amount of
space a body occupies.
It is measured in litres
(l) and in mililitres
(ml).
We use graded
containers like test
tubes or measuring
cups to calculate it.

5. Specific properties of matter
Hardness: matter is
hard when it is difficult
to scratch.
The picture on the right
shows Mohs’s hardness
scale. Being number the
diamond the hardest of
them all.

6. Specific properties of matter
Brittleness: something
is brittle when it breaks
easily.
E.g.: a wooden bar is
more brittle than a
metal bar.

7. Specific properties of matter
Elasticity: is the ability
of the materials to come
back to their original
shape after we apply a
force to it.
E.g.: the spring on the
right is an example of
elastic material.

8. Specific properties of matter
Density: it is the
relation between the
mass and the volume of
a body.
We use the formula on
the right to calculate the
density a body has.

9. Properties of materials
Conductivity of heat:
depending on how they
transmit heat materials
can be:
Insulators: they do not
transmit heat.
Conductors: they do
transmit heat.

10. Properties of materials
Transparency:
depending on how the
light passes through a
material can be:
Transparent: light can
pass through.
Opaque: light cannot
pass through.

11. Properties of materials
Impermeability: when
liquid cannot pass
through a material, we
say it is impermeable.
E.g.: wellington boots
are a good example of
impermeability.