Videos are here: tinyurl.com/viewvidsl5

1. What kind of problems do you think
editors have to deal with if the
director/cinematographer
forget/miss something important?

2. Categories of Critique
Mise en scène
(Meez on sen)
Cinematography Editing
Angle
Costume
SettingSet Dressing
Props
Three-Point Lighting
Motivated Lighting
Color Palette Blocking
Shot LengthShot Type
Framing
Perspective
Lense
Depth of Field
Focus
Zoom
Movement
Speed ?

3. A Cut-Away (Insert Shot)
A shot that occurs in a larger scene, usually a
close-up of some detail or object.
• Draw the audience’s attention
• Provide specific information
• Break up the longer shot

4. Reaction Shot
It usually displays emotion, and is
thus most commonly a close-up
shot. Its main purpose is to show an
emotional response to an action,
event, or the words of another
character in the scene.

5. Watch how the director and editor of
Pulp Fiction (1994)
build an entire scene primarily out of
reactions and cutaways.

6. Watch Vid 1

7. Flexibility with Reaction Shots and Cutaways
Editors love reaction shots and cutaways.
Suppose you have two takes of an actor’s
speech, but both of them have flaws.
Instead of picking one of the half-good takes,
you can split the takes with a reaction shot or
a cutaway and the audience won’t know the
difference (it will seem like 1 continuous
speech because we won’t see the jump cut).

8. Flexibility with Reaction Shots and Cutaways
Building this flexibility during the shoot is the
responsibility of the Director and
Cinematographer.
They have to record more than just a
Master Shot - a shot wide enough to capture
all of the action.

9. Coverage
Camera coverage in video production is the
amount of footage shot and different camera
angles recorded when shooting a scene.
When editing, more camera coverage means
that there is more footage to creatively
assemble the final cut of your scene.

10. Among the several types of shots in coverage, you may find:
long shots, medium shots, close-ups, ECUs, high-angles, low-
angles, inserts, and reactions. Amazing coverage is able to
convey emotions and tensions. It is also essential for
covering up errors without losing continuity.
It is one of the director’s tasks to create a shot list, and thus
define how the coverage will be.
A movie with poor coverage always feels awkward. It usually
hinders the editor’s ability to create continuity with invisible
editing (appears seamless due to continuity editing).

11. Watch how the director and editor of
Jaws (1975)
use Reaction Shots to smoothly connect
multiple takes of a long monolog (speech).

12. Watch Vid 2

13. Eye-line Matching (Look Off)
To match a shot of eyes looking off
screen with a shot of the
figure/object those eyes are seeing.

14. Watch how the director and editor of
Jaws (1975)
uses Eyeline Matching and Reaction Shots to
introduce a new character and to break up
her long speech.

15. Watch Vid 3

16. “Only filmmakers use the word ‘juxtaposition’ in
normal conversation.”- a filmmaker
Juxtapose –
“Closely present two images, characters,
objects, or scenes to compare and
contrast them or to establish a
relationship between them.”

17. Watch how the director of
Cidade de Deus (2002)
manages to tell a short story in his opening
scene by juxtaposing specific shots of objects
and animals.

18. Watch Vid 4

19. The editor of
Cidade de Deus (2002)
causes the audience to mentally personify the
chicken by juxtaposing images.
You feel as though the chicken is logically
thinking through its fate while looking at his
friends being chopped up. It is as though its facial
expression screams, “I gotta get out of here.”

20. That’s the power of juxtaposition on the
human brain!

21. Watch Vid 5

22. Watch Vid 6

23. Watch Vid 7
It shows the original Russian experiment on
film editing and juxtaposition.

24. Writing about the Editing–
tinyurl.com/cinemajux READING
tinyurl.com/cinemajux2 RESPONSE
njames@uplifteducation.org