2. Potential of legume fodders
in Potohar
Prepared by: Muhammad Faheem
16-Arid-3102
3. INTRODUCTION
•Pakistan is blessed with diversified type of
livestock.
•It not only provides food security through supply
of milk, meat and self-employment of both men
and women but also plays an important role for
poverty alleviation of smallholder livestock
farmers.
•It contributes about 11.5% in national GDP and
about 55% toward agricultural GDP.
4. Introduction
•The livestock population (buffaloes, cattle,
goats, sheep, asses, camels, horses and
mules) is 163.0 million heads in Pakistan
(Economic Survey 2010-11).
•The livestock population is increasing at the
rate of 4.2% per year and accordingly its
feed requirements are also increasing.
5. Introduction
•Fodder crops are the main and cheapest source of
feed for livestock.
•However, shortage of fodder production is the major
limiting factor for livestock production in our
country.
•About 2% reduction in fodder area in each decade
along-with two important fodder scarcity periods,
one in winter months (November to January) and
other in summer (May-June) further worsening the
situation.
6. Introduction
•At present, fodder crops are grown over 10.3 %
of the total cropped area of 22.6 million
hectares.
•The share in area of Punjab is 82.56%, Sindh
11.50% NWFP 4.48% and Baluchistan 1.46%
• The area under various fodder crops in the
country is estimated as 2.31 million hectares and
annual fodder production 51.92 million tons.
7. Introduction
•The average fodder production is 22.5 t ha-1
(Agric. Statistic. of Pakistan 2009-10), which
is too low to meet even half of the
maintenance requirements of the present
livestock population in the country.
•The deficit estimate variously is 15-30
percent of the requirement in terms of
nutrients.
8. Sources Contribution (%)
Fodder and crop residues 51
Forage/grazing 38
Cereal by-products 06
Post harvest grazing 03
Oilcakes, meals, animal
protein
02
9. Types of crops
• Major fodder crops grown during winter include
berseem, leucern, oats, barley and mustard
• During summer these are maize, sorghum, S.S.
Hybrids, millet guar and cowpeas
• The area with minor fluctuations decreased from 2.6
million hectares in 1976-77 to 2.31 million hectares in
2009-10
• However, total production in the corresponding years
increased from 45.10 to 51.92 million tones.
10. Province wise area(ha) and production(tons)
of fodder crops in Pakistan during 2009-10.
• Punjab 1908.9 82.56 42025.5 80.93
• Sindh 265.9 11.50 6823.7 13.14
• NWFP 103.7 4.48 2112.4 4.07
• Balochistan 33.7 1.46 963.8 1.86
• Total 2312.2 100.00 51925.4 100.00
11. Crops
Crops Seed rate Kg/ha Sowing time Method of sowing
Fertilizer
N-P-K kg/ha
Green
fodder
yield
(t/ha)
Berseem 20-25
21st Sept- end
of Oct.
Broadcast in
standing water.
22-115-00 125-150
Lucerne 10-12
Mid Oct.- mid
Nov.
45 cm apart in
lines.
22-115-00 110-125
Oats 75-100 21st Sept.-
30 cm apart in
lines.
75-50-00 60-80
Sorghu
m
75-80 March- August -do- 60-60-00 50-60
12. Millet 12-15 April- August
30 cm apart in
lines
60-60-00 40-60
Guar
40-50 April-July -do- 22-60-00 30-40
Cowpea
s
30-35 March-July 45 cm apart 22-60-00 30-40
Maize 100-120 March-August 30 cm apart 60-60-00 60-70
Mott
grass
28000
Cutting/root
slips
Mid February-
August
75cm x 75cm
60-60-00,
FYM twice in
a year. 30 kg
N in
November
for early
summer
production
80-200
