2. CLASSIFICATION OF REGIONS
• On the basis of rainfall, temperature and soil type ,the country can be
divided into five animal husbandry regions.
• Temperate Himalayan region
• Dry northern region
• North eastern region
• Southern region
• Coastal region
3. TEMPERATE HIMALAYAN REGION
• It comprise of the mountainous areas of Assam, West Bengal, Uttar
Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab and Jammu and Kashmir.
• In this region the rain fall is high and there are snow and frost during
winter.
• The livestock are mainly raised on pastures and the animals are
moved to high altitude and to the foot-hills depending upon the
season.
• Cattle are non-descript and are low in productivity.
• Sheep and goat are the principal domestic animals and wool is the
main source of income
4. DRY NORTHERN REGION
• It comprises the plains of Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Rajasthan and part
of Uttar Pradesh, Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh.
• Dry atmosphere is very ideal for the development of livestock.
• The home tract of most of the important breeds of buffalo such as
Murrah, Nili Ravi, Surti and Jaffarabadi breeds lies in this region.
• Cattle breeds such as Haryana, Malvi, Kankrej, Tharparkar, and Gir are
present in this region
5. • The famous milch breeds such as Sahiwal, Red Sindhi had their home tract
in this region.
• Sheep breeds of this region gives mutton and carpet wool.
• Camel are found exclusively in this region.
• Horses and donkey found in this region are of good quality.
• Wheat straw is found in abundance and cultivation of fodder crop is
commonly found in this region.
• Hence livestock in this region are well fed and produce more than that of
other regions.
6. NORTH EASTERN REGION
• It comprises plains of Bengal, Bihar, Orissa, eastern U.P and part of
Assam and northeastern states.
• The rainfall is above 125 cm.
• Rice is the main cereal crop and it is the staple food for animals of the
region.
• The cattle and buffalo of this region are of poor quality and are
nondescript and less productive.
• Few varieties of sheep and goat are reared for meat purpose.
• Pigs are important farm animal in this region
7. SOUTHERN REGION
• It comprises of parts of Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh,
Tamil Nadu and Karnataka States.
• Rainfall is generally low and atmosphere is generally humid.
• Most of the land is under millets cultivation and it also provides dry fodder
to animals.
• Important draught breeds of cattle like Amrit mahal, Hallikar, Kangayam
and Ongole are reared in this region.
8. • There are many number of sheep than any other region in the
country and are mainly reared for mutton and skins.
• The famous Nellore and Bannur breeds of mutton sheep belong to
this region.
• This is the main sheep tract in the country
9. COASTAL REGION
• It comprises coastal belts of Maharashtra, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu,
Andhra Pradesh and Orissa, bordering eastern and Western Ghats.
• This is a high humid heavy rainfall area, the annual precipitation exceeds
500 cm at many places.
• Buffaloes are important in east coast and crossbred cattle among west
coast.
• Goats and pigs are also important.
11. • Department of Animal Husbandry & Dairying
• Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying
• Latest i.e., 20th Livestock Census in 2019 in participation with all
States and Union Territories
• Quinquennial Census
• 16 species of animals like Cattle, Buffalo, Mithun, Yak, Sheep, Goat,
Pig, Horse, Pony, Mule, Donkey Camel, Dog, Rabbit and Elephant and
poultry birds (Fowl, Duck, Turkeys and other poultry birds)
12.
13. • Total Livestock Population – 536.76 Million (4.6% Increase compared
to 2012 census)
• Total Bovine Population – 303.76 Million ( C+B)
• Total Sheep – 74.20 Million
• Total Goat – 148.85 Million
• Total Rabbit – 0.55 Million
• Total Dogs – 9.43 Million
14. • The total Livestock population is 536.76 million in the country
• Increase of 4.8% over Livestock Census-2012.
• The total Livestock population in rural – 514.11 Million and urban area 22.65
million respectively (95.78% for rural and 4.22% for urban area)
• Total Bovine population (Cattle, Buffalo, Mithun and Yak) is 303.76 million
in 2019 which shows an increase of 1.3% over the previous census.
• The total number of Cattle in the country is 193.46 million in 2019 showing
an increase of 1.3 % over previous Census.
• The Exotic/Crossbred and Indigenous/Non-descript Cattle population in the
country is 51.36 million and 142.11 million respectively.
15. • There is a decline of 6% in the total Indigenous (both descript and non-
descript) Cattle population over the previous census.
• However, the pace of decline of Indigenous Cattle population during 2012-
2019 is much lesser as compared to 2007-12 which was about 9%.
• The total Buffalo in the country is 109.85 million showing an increase of about
1.1% over previous Census.
16. • The total Sheep in the country is 74.26 million in 2019, increased by
14.1% over previous Census.
• The Goat population in the country in 2019 is 148.89 million showing
an increase of 10.1% over the previous census.
• The total Pigs in the country is 9.06 million in the current Census,
declined by 12.03% over the previous Census.
17. • The total Mithun and Yak in the country is 3.9 lakh and 58thousand in 2019,
increased by 29.5% and 24.9% respectively over previous Census.
• The total Horses and Ponies in the country is 3.4 lakhs in 2019, decreased
by 45.2% over previous Census.
• The total population of Mules and Donkeys in the country is 84thousandand
1.2 lakhs in 2019, decreased by 57.1% and 61.2% respectively over
previous Census.
• The total Camel population in the country is 2.5 lakhs in 2019, decreased by
37.1% over previous Census.
• The total Poultry in the country is 851.81 million in 2019, increased by
16.8% over previous Census.
18. • The total Backyard Poultry in the country is 317.07 million in 2019,
increased by 45.8% over previous Census.
• The total Commercial Poultry in the country is 534.74 million in 2019,
increased by 4.5% over previous Census.
• Total number of Stray Cattle and Stray Dogs in 2019 is 50 lakhs and
153 lakhs respectively in the country.
• Only Camel and Donkey population is showing declining trends over
last four Livestock Censuses i.e., 17th (2003), 18th (2007), 19th (2012)
and 20th (2019) Livestock Census.
19. Role of Livestock in Indian Economy
• Livestock provides livelihood to 2/3rd of rural community in India
• Direct/Indirect employment to 8.8 percent of the population in India
• Contributes 4.11% to GDP and 25.6 % to Agri GDP
• Milk Production/Year -187.75 Metric Tonnes
• Meat Production/Year – 8.11 Metric Tonnes
• Egg Production/Year – 103.32 Billion Eggs
20. • Wool Production/Year – 40.42 Million Kg
• ICMR Recommendation - Per Capita Availability
• Milk – 280g/Day/Person - 394g/Day/Person
• Meat-11kg/Year/Person -
• Egg-182 Eggs/Year/Person - 79Egg/Year/Person
21. • Fibre & Skin:
• contributes to the production of wool, hair, hides and pelts
• Leather is the most important product which has a very high export potential
• India is producing about 41.5 million Kg of wool per annum during 2017-18
• Draft:
• Bullocks are the back bone of Indian agriculture.
• Despite lot of advancements in the use of mechanical power in Indian
agricultural operations, the Indian farmer especially in rural areas still depend
upon bullocks for various agricultural operations
• The bullocks are saving a lot on fuel which is a necessary input for using
mechanical power like tractors, combine harvesters etc.
22. • Pack animals like camels, horses, donkeys, ponies, mules etc are
being extensively used to transport goods in different parts of the
country in addition to bullocks.
• In situations like hilly terrains mules and ponies serve as the only
alternative to transport goods.
• Similarly, the army has to depend upon these animals to transport
various items in high areas of high altitude.
23. Dung and other animal waste materials: Dung and other
animal wastes serve as very good farm yard manure
In addition it is also used as fuel (bio gas, dung cakes), and for
construction as poor man’s cement (dung).
Livestock are considered as ‘moving banks’ because of their
potentiality to dispose off during emergencies.
They serve as capital and in cases of landless agricultural
labourers many time it is the only capital resource they possess.
Livestock serve as an asset and in case of emergencies they serve
as guarantee for availing loans from the local sources such as
money lenders in the villages.
24. Weed control: Livestock are also used as Biological control of
brush, plants and weeds
Cultural: Livestock offer security to the owners and also add to
their self esteem especially when they own prized animals such as
pedigreed bulls, dogs and high yielding cows/ buffaloes etc
Sports / recreation: People also use the animals like cocks, rams,
bulls etc for competition and sports. Despite ban on these animal
competitions the cock fights, ram fights and bull fights (jalli kattu)
are quite common during festive seasons
25. ROLE OF LIVESTOCK IN FARMERS’
ECONOMY
Income
Employment
Food
Social security
Draft
Dung
26. Statistics/Rankings
• India- Largest producer of Milk - 20 percentage of total milk
production of world
• India – 1st Place –
• Total Livestock Population
• Total Milk Production
• Buffalo Population
• Goat Milk
• Total Bovine Population
• 2nd Place
• Cattle Population
• Goat Population
• Goat Meat Production
27. • 3rd Place-Egg Production & Sheep Population
• 5th – Poultry Population
• 6th- Poultry Meat Production
• 9th – Wool Production
28. • State with Highest Livestock – UP
• State with Highest Poultry – Tamil Nadu
• State with Highest Milk Production – UP
• State with Highest Per capita availability of Milk – Punjab
• State with Highest Egg Production – AP
• State with Highest Per capita availability of Eggs – AP
• State with Highest Meat Production – UP
• State with Highest Goat Meat – West Bengal
29. • State with Highest Goat Milk Production – Rajasthan
• State with Highest Sheep Meat Production – AP
• State with Highest Poultry Meat Production – Haryana
• State with Highest Wool Production – Rajasthan
• State with Highest Sheep Production – Telangana
• State with Highest Pig Population – Assam
• State with Highest Fish Production – AP
