tb

1. TUBERCULOSIS

2. Tuberculosis (Koch Disease) is a communicable,
chronic granulomatous disease caused by
mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Epidermiology :
Common in India, incidence is higher wherever
there is poverty, over crowding, HIV Patients.
TUBERCULOSIS

4. ETIOLOGY :
Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection
Mycobacterium bovis Infection
MODE OF TRANSMISSION :
* Inhalation
* Ingestion
* Inaculation

6. ORGANS AFFECTED
PRIMARY ORGAN :
* Lungs
SECONDARY ORGANS:
* Kidneys
* Bones
* Lymph nodes
* Meninges

9. TYPES
Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Avian Tuberculosis
Bovine Tuberculosis
Miliary Tuberculosis

10. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

12. SYMPTOMS
Anorexia
Low Grade Fever
Night Sweats
Fatique
Weight Loss
Dyspnea
Chest tightness
Mucopurulent Sputum with Blood (Hemoptopysis)
Non-Productive Cough

14. COMPLICATIONS
Spinal Pain
Joint Destruction
Tb Pneumonia
Meningitis
Cardiac Tamponade
Pleural Effusion

15. CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
Physical Examination
* Swollen Liver
* Swollen Lymph nodes
* Swollen Spleen
Chest X-ray
Chest CT Scan
Sputum Examination and culture
Tuberculin Skin Test
Biopsy

18. TUBERCULIN TEST (MANTOUX
TEST)
About two to four weeks after infection,
Intracutaneous injection of 0.1ml of purified
protein derivative (PPD) is injected.
It produces a visible and palpable
indurations of 10mm diameter or more.
The duration peaks in 48 to 72 Hrs.

21. TREATMENT
Medical Management :
Anti-tuberculosis Drugs for 6-12 months
FIRST LINE DRUGS :
* Streptomycin (15mg/Kg/day)
* Isoniazid(5mg/kg)
* Rifampicin (10mg/Kg/Day)
* Pyrazinamide(10mg/Kg/Day)
* Ethambutol (15-20mg/Kg/Day)

22. SECOND LINE DRUG :
• Cycloserine (15mg/kg)
• Thioacetazone
• Levofloxacin
• Ethionamide