Restraints are devices used to limit a patient's movement and are sometimes necessary to prevent harm. There are three main types of restraints: physical, mechanical, and chemical/pharmacological. Physical restraints include items like mittens, vests, and bed rails. Mechanical restraints use devices attached to the body to restrict movement, while chemical restraints involve medications to sedate or subdue patients. Restraints aim to restrict movement only as needed and should be removed regularly to prevent side effects like pressure ulcers, decreased mobility, or agitation. Nurses must closely monitor restrained patients and have a doctor's order, consent, and document use according to guidelines to safely use restraints.

1. Restraints

2. SAMRUDDI
COLLEGE OF
NURSING GOKAK

3. Assignment on Restraints
Submitted to
Mr.Basavaraj Navi sir
Submitted by
MahammadyaseenMulla
Bsc Nursing3rd year

4. Restraints
Meaning
Restraints in a medical setting are devices that limita patient’s movement
■ Definition
Restraintis defined as ‘the intentional
restriction of a person’s voluntary movement
or behaviour

5. General Principles For Use Of
Restraints
■ Should be selected to reduce clients movementonly as much as necessary
■ Should not interfere with treatment
■ Nurse should explain it.and reason for its use.
■ Should be changed when they become soiled
■ Should be removed every 2hrs
■ It should attach to bed frame not to side rails.
■ Should be able to quickly release the device
■ It should be away fromclients reach.

6. Types of Restraints
1. Physical Restraints
2. MechanicalRestraints
3. Chemical or Pharmacological
Restraints

7. Physical Restraints
■ Physical restraint refers to means of purposely limiting or obstructingthe freedom of
a person’s bodily movement.
Physicalrestraints
vests, straps/belts, limb
ties, wheelchair bars and
brakes, chairs and
bedsiderails.

8. Mechanical Restraints
■ Mechanical restraint is the restraint of a person by
the applicationof a device to the person’s body, or
a limb of the person, to restrict the person’s
movement.
Note
It is used foí Extíemely Violent
Patient’s.

9. Chemical or Pharmacological Restraints
■ The intentional use of any medications to subdue, sedate, or restrain an
individual.
Drugs are;
Haloperidol,
droperidol,
risperidol,
flunitrazepam,
midazolam,
promethazine

10. Types of Physical Restraints
MAMEE J
1. Mummy Restraints
2. Abdominal Restraint
3. Mittten or Finger Restraints
4. Elbow Restraints
5. Extremity Restraints
6. Jacket Restraints

11. 1.Mummy Restraints
■ This may need to temporarily immobilize an
infant or a young child duringa healthcare-
related procedure to ensure his safety and
the successof the procedure

12. 2.Abdominal Restraints
■ The abdominal constraint device was applied before
resuscitation, ensuringa suitable abdominal
compartment to contain hydropicorgans and leaked
fluid in a certain period of time

13. 3.Mitten or Fingertips Restraints
■ The fingers are separated and cushioned. The
mitt prevents contractures and keeps the
confused patient from tearing at IV lines or
picking at wounds,yet still allows them to move
about freely in bed.

14. 4.Elbow Restraints
■ Elbow restraints is used to prevent the infant from
flexing his elbow so that he is unable to remove the
nasogastric tube or scalp vein

15. 5.Extremity Restraints
■ Limb restraints are soft, padded cuffs which are applied to a
patient to prevent the patient from causing harm to themselves
or to others.

16. 6.Jacket Restraints
■ Ajacket-shaped restraint that’s meant to
confine a violent person safely is called a
straitjacket. Straitjackets were once
commonly used in psychiatric hospitals.

17. Purposes of Restraints
■ Restraints may be used to keep a person in proper position.
■ Prevent movement or falling during surgery or while on a stretcher.
■ Restraints can also be used to control or prevent harmful behavior.
■ Sometimes hospital patients who are confused need restraints so that they
do not do such things like
1. Scratch their skin
2. Remove catheters and tubes that give them medicine and fluids
3. Get out of bed, fall, and hurt themselves
4. Harm other people

18. Restraint Guidelines:
■ Doctors order
■ Informed consent
■ Follow proper technique
■ Least restrictive
■ Maintain Good body alignment
■ Pad boney prominence

19. Side effects of Restraints
Psychological /Emotional
■ Increased agitation & hostility
■ Feelings of humiliation,loss of dignity
■ Increased confusion
■ Fear

20. Physical:
■ Pressureulcers,skintrauma
■ Decreased musclemass,tone, strength, endurance
■ Reducedheart and lung capacity
■ Physical discomfort, increased pain
■ Increased incontinence and urinary stasis
■ Obstructed& restricted circulation
■ Reducedappetite, Dehydration
■ Death

21. Nurses Role
■ Monitor a patient in restraint every 15minutes for:
■ Signs of injury
■ Circulation &range of motion
■ Comfort
■ Readinessfor discontinuation of restraint

22. Responsibility of Nurrse
■ Assess the client’s behaviour & the need for restraint & apply it
■ Get written order & obtain consent as per hospital policy
■ Must communicateswith client and family members
■ Explain the client the reason for the restraint and cooperation
■ Apply the least restrictive, reasonableand appropriate devices
■ Arrange the client under restraint in a place for easy,, close & regular observation
■ Attend the client’s biological & psychologicalneeds during restraint at regular
intervals.
■ Document the use of restraint for record & inspection purpose

23. Conclusion
Restraints were not associated with a significantly
lower risk of falls or injuries in subgroups of residents
likely to be restrained.

24. Thank you all