1. T Direct
he
M ethod MAIJESTI S. SARAGIH 031109197
MARYANA HIDAYAT031109191
SPECIAL CLASS
Text books :
Jack-Richads, S., and Theodore-Rodgers, S. 1968. Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching. New York:
Cambridge University Press.
Larsen-Freeman, Diane. 2000. Teaching Techniques in English as a Second Language. New York: Oxford
University Press.
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PRINCIPLES
Click icon to add picture 1. Classroom instructions are conducted
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exclusively in the target language.
2. Only everyday vocabulary and sentences
are taught during the initial phase.
3. Oral communication skills are built up
between teachers and students in an
intensive class.
4. Grammar is taught inductively.
5. New teaching points are introduced orally.
Click icon to add picture Concrete vocabulary is taught through
6.
demonstration, objects, and pictures;
abstract vocabulary is taught by association
of ideas.
7. Both speech and listening comprehensions
are taught.
8. Correct pronunciation and grammar are
emphasized.
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The principles are still followed in
contemporary Berlitz schools:
Never translate: demonstrate,
Never explain: act,
Never make a speech: ask questions,
Never imitate mistakes: correct,
Never speak with single words: use
sentences,
Never speak too much: make students
speak much,
Never use the book: use your lesson plan,
Never jump around: follow your plan,
Never go too fast: keep the pace of the
student,
Never speak too slowly: speak normally,
Never speak too quickly: speak naturally,
Never speak too loudly: speak naturally,
Never be impatient: take it easy.
5. TECHNIQUES
Reading aloud
Question and answer exercise
Getting students to self-correct
Conversation practice
Fill-in-the-blank exercise
Dictation
Map drawing
Paragraph writing
6. Role of the teacher and students
Teacher centered.
Student role is less passive than in Grammar-Translation Method.
Teacher and student are partners.
Teacher is the only demonstrator.
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Advantages of Direct Method
It makes the learning of English interesting.
It encourages the students’ participation.
It proceeds both concrete and abstract
thing.
It develops fluency of speech, good
pronunciation, and power of expression.
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Disadvantages of Direct Method
It wastes both time and energy in teaching
learning process.
It distinguishes auditory than visual.
It ignores systematic written work and
reading activities.
It doesn’t have a lot of trained teachers who
master it.
It doesn’t suit or satisfy the needs of
individual students in large classes.
