Prohibition modals 2021 2022

1. (Cannot/Can’t, and Must
not/Mustn't)
MARICEL N.
GARLITOS
Teacher III-ENGLISH
Modals Expressing
Prohibition

2. A modal is a kind of auxiliary (helping)
verb that is used to express: ability,
possibility, permission or obligation.
Modal verbs are used before an action
words like dance, sing or play to add
meaning to this word.

3.  is the act of disallowing or
prohibiting someone in
performing or doing something.
Modals showing prohibition
includes can’t and must not/
mustn’t.

4. Examples:
You cannot park your car inside
the school grounds.
You can’t smoke in the office.
Is the most common way to
prohibit something in English.
When it is against the rules or
something is prohibited.
It is not as formal as must not or
may not, but it is the most
common. Here are some

5. Examples:
1. You can’t go out during the
community quarantine.
(Quarantine Policy)
2. The company can’t apply for
motion for reconsideration.
(Legal Proceeding)
3. You can’t buy any alcoholic
beverages due to liquor ban.
(Liquor Ban Policy)
Can’t

6. We use must not to say that
something is not permitted or
allowed.
*Must is an auxiliary verb. It is
followed by a main verb.
subject + (Auxillary)
must not/
must+not
+ main verb
For example:
Ex. Passengers must not talk to the driver.
We often contract must not to mustn’t
Ex. You mustn’t disturb him.

7.  The prohibition can be subjective
(the speaker's opinion) or objective
(a real law or rule).
For example:
 Passengers must not talk to the driver. (subjective)
 You mustn’t bully your classmate. (objective)
Identify the sentences below subjective or objective
 I mustn't eat so much sugar.
 Policemen must not drink on duty.

8. Let Us Strengthen Your Understanding!
Directions: Answer the following statements. Encircle the letter of the
correct answer.
1.You (can’t , mustn’t) use calculator during examination.
2. The students ( can’t , mustn’t)go to the library because it is
closed.
3.People ( can’t , mustn’t)remove their face mask in a crowded
place.
4.Claire ( can’t , mustn’t)forget to wash her hands before she eats.
5.Trixie ( can’t , mustn’t)play her violin during class hour.

9. Modals Expressing Obligation
(Must and Have to,
Has/Have to)

10. MUSTandHAVETOare
both used to express an
obligation, responsibility
or necessity. While Must
can generally be replaced
by Have to in the present
tense, there is sometimes
a slight difference in
meaning or use.

11. A modal that expresses an obligation. It is used when the speaker
decides that something is necessary or needs to be done.)
Must is only used in the present tense and sometimes to express
the future.
The past tense of Must is Had to.
The future tense of Must is Will have to
Example:
I must write a letter to John.
Key Points!
 Generally, use must when the speaker decides that something is
necessary or needs to be done.)
 In this case I have decided that I need to write a letter to John,
nobody else has told me to write it. I think it is necessary.
MUST

12.  A modal that expresses an obligation. It is
used when somebody else other than the
speaker has made the decision.
 Use have if the subject is plural. Had to for
past tense.
Example:
 I have to write a letter to John.
Key Points!
 Use have to when somebody else other than the speaker has made
the decision.
 So here, I didn’t decide to write a letter. Somebody else has told me to
write it, somebody else told me it was necessary to do.
HAVE/HAS TO

13.  Use has if the subject is singular.
Example:
 She has to review his lesson today.
 Use had if the action happens in
the past.
Example:
 They had to submit the project.
HAVE/HAS
TO

14. Directions: Answer the following statements. Encircle the letter of the correct answer
that best completes each statement using Must or Have to.
1. All employees ________ on time for work.
a. must be b. mustn't c. have to
2. If you are under 13 you _____ to get your parents' permission.
a. have b. must c. mustn’t
3. Your daughter may ________ try on a few different sizes.
a. have to b. had to c. must
4. The doctor _____ get here as soon as he can.
a. must b. mustn't c. have to
5. Bicyclists _____ remember to signal when they turn.
a. mustn't b. must c. has to

15. References:
A.Retrieved from http://www.learnenglish-online.com/grammar/modals/prohibition.html
B.Retrieved from
https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=http%3A%2F%2Fthecrazyteacher.altervista.org%2Fpronunciation-
of-must-
mustnt%2F&psig=AOvVaw1uqUh9TB5LpqmnbzN49plr&ust=1595075197090000&source=images&cd=vfe
&ved=0CAMQjB1qFwoTCOido9Gl1OoCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAn
A.Retrieved from https://www.eslactivity.org/modal-verbs/
B.Retrieved from https://www.woodwardenglish.com/lesson/must-not-do-not-have-to/
C.Retrieved from https://www.ecenglish.com/learnenglish/lessons/modal-verbs-1-permission-prohibition-
obligation-no
obligation#:~:text=When%20we%20want%20to%20express,obligation%20we%20use%20modal%20verbs.
&text='Can'%20is%20most%20often%20used,as%20often%20as%20'can'.