Communication is simply the act of transferring information from one place, person or group to another. Every communication involves (at least) one sender, a message and a recipient. Formal communication refers to the flow of official information through proper, predefined channels and routes. Informal communication is casual communication between coworkers in the workplace

1. By Manas Dhibar

2. Meaning

3. Formal Communication

4. 1. Downward
Communication
SUPERIOR
SUBORDINATE
Policies,
Procedures
Orders,
Notice

5. 2. Upward Communication
SUPERIOR
SUBORDINATE
Suggestions,
Cmplaints
Greviences,
Progres,
Report

6. 3.Horizontal Communication
Production
Manager
Marketing
Manager
Exchanging of information
Between people working
At the same level in different
departments

7. 4. Diagonal Communication
Foreman
Marketing
Manager

8. Networks of Formal
Communication
Single Chain Network:- Under this network,
communication flows from every superior to his
subordinate through single chain.
Wheel Network:- In wheel network, all subordinates
communicate through one superior, who acts as a
central authority like a hub of the wheel.
Circular Network:- In Circular network, the
communication moves in a circle. Each person can
communicate with his two adjoining colleagues.

9. Free Flow Network:- In this network, there is no
restriction on the flow of communication. Everyone
is free to communicate with anyone and everyone in
the organisation.
Inverted V Network:- In this network, a
subordinate is allowed to communicate with his
immediate superior as well as his superior’s
superior.
Networks of Formal
Communication

10. Informal Communication

11. • Single Strand:- In single strand network, information
passes from one person to the other in a sequential
order.
• Gossip:- In gossip network, one person passes
information to everyone else on non-selective basis.
• Probability Network:- In probability network, the
individual communicates randomly with other
individual.
• Cluster:- In cluster network, the individual
communicates with only those people whom he
trusts.
Networks of Informal
Communication