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1. Louise Fong Kah Yan/0322815
SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, BUILDING AND DESIGN
Bachelor of Quantity Surveying (Honours)
INTEGRATED ASSIGNMENT:
MEASUREMENT I (QSB60104)
CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY I (BLD 60104)
BUILDING MATERIALS (BLD 62003)
SITE VISIT REPORT
STUDENT NAME : Louise Fong Kah Yan
STUDENT ID NO : 0322815
DATE OF SUBMISSION : 12 July 2016

2. Louise Fong Kah Yan/0322815
Table Content
NO TOPIC PAGE
1 INTRODUCTION 2
2 CONTENT/ TECHNICAL OBSERVATION 3-10
3 OBJECTIVE 11
4 CONCLUSION 12

3. Louise Fong Kah Yan/0322815
INTRODUCTION
For this assignment, students required to study and do more research about brick wall. Weeks
ago before the submission date, Pn Azrina was given students some video that were firm about
brick wall. The purposes of these videos were to let students able to describe, explain and
understand the method and process of construction. Basically, the first video is filming a foreign
worker laying the brick by using trowel and English mortar. Second video is filming foreign
workers pouring cement, sand and water into mortar mixer and at the end it will become English
mortal. The last video is about a foreign worker smooths the brick wall by using mortal with
trowel/brick jointer.
For this assignment, students need to prepare a report about the brick wall after watched the
videos. Here are the tasks given by our dearest lecturers Pn Azrina, Pn Has and Ms Ang :
A) How a brick wall is constructed?
B) What are the machineries, plants and tools involved in constructing a brick wall?
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4. Louise Fong Kah Yan/0322815
Content /Technical Observation
After some research and watched the videos, generally brick is the main element to construct a
brick wall and the second element is mortar. The first thing we need to consider before we start
to construct a brick wall is the amount of bricks. A brick is building material used to make walls,
pavements and other elements in masonry construction. Brick are laid in courses and numerous
patterns known as bonds, but the most important thing to remember is that you must adjust the
size bricks you buy to account for the mortar. Nowadays, most of the walls use ½ inch mortar.
Mortar is actually made up of few elements such as cement, sand and water. Sometimes, we
can add lime to increase the bonding and strengthen the stonework.
Cement
A powdery substance made with calcined lime and clay. It is
mixed with water to form mortar or mixed with sand, gravel, and
water to make concrete.
Water
A bag of mortar should be mixed with about three galloons of
clean water to achieve the right consistency.
Sand
Sand is a naturally occurring granular material composed of
finely divided rock and mineral particles. It is defined by size,
being finer than gravel and coarser than silt.
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5. Louise Fong Kah Yan/0322815
TYPE OF BRICK BONDING
Stretcherbond
This bond is sometimes known as running bond. This bond is the simplest bond that is used
today, this bond is not suitable as a stand alone structural wall and a structural wall built directly
behind it, fixed with wall ties would be needed.
English Bond
English bond consists of alternate course of headers and stretches. In this English bond
arrangement, vertical joints in the header courses come over each other and the vertical joints
in the stretcher course are also in the same line. For the breaking of vertical joints in the
successive course it is essential to place queen closer, after the first header in each heading
course.
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6. Louise Fong Kah Yan/0322815
Header Bond
Using only the header (end) of the brick as the facing wall. This is particularly strong as the
width of the wall is the whole length of a brick.
Flemish bond
Flemish bond brickwork with a thickness of one brick is the repeating pattern of a stretcher laid
immediately to the rear of the face stretcher, and then next along the course, a header
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7. Louise Fong Kah Yan/0322815
The processof constructinga brick wall
Planning and Estimating
Take time to select a site for your wall; careful location can contribute greatly to the wall's
longevity. Choose a spot where the soil is firm and drainage is good. Whenever possible, avoid
locating the wall bear a large trees because the roots can expert great pressure on the wall and
easily crack the foundation.
Next, we need to decide which positions and patterns for the bricklaying projects such as
stretcher bond, English bond, Flemish bond and so on. Each of the bonds had different type of
advantages, positions and patterns.
To locate the outer edge of the wall, use a tape measure to measure in from the edge of the
foundation at each end. Snap a chalk line between the two points to mark a guideline to keep
the wall centered. You are now ready to begin building the wall using the following step-by-step
procedure.
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8. Louise Fong Kah Yan/0322815
Preparing the mortar
There are few things we need to consider to make a good mortar.
1) Measure three parts sand to one part masonry cement
2) Use the right amount of water
3) Use the correct sand and mortar
4) Consider using lime as an additive
5) Keep in mind that adding lime to your mixture will make the mortar set more quickly
6) Match the recipe to the weather
Then, pour in the right amount of sand, cement,
water to mortar mixer. Sometimes we can add
lime as an additive as well to increase
strengthen.
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9. Louise Fong Kah Yan/0322815
Lay bricks
Lay your first row of bricks in the foundation for a dry run. Space them out appropriately,
accounting for the mortar. Use your tape measure to make sure that they are they correct
distance apart. Lay the first ½ inch of mortar along the base of the foundation. When in doubt,
add a little bit extra mortar, as you will be pushing the brick down slightly. Press the brick lightly
into the ½ of mortar you have laid down so that it is level with the first brick. Use the level to
ensure that the bricks are flush. Keep adding bricks until the row is finished.
Move your guideline up to next marker. It should be the ½ mortar marker that joins your 1st
and
2nd rows. For the second row it should already be in place, but you need to remember to move
the line each time you move up a row so that you know the height you have to hit. Mortar and
place one full brick on top of your ends. Fill the entire bottom row. Place roughly ½ of mortar
down, press the brick into place, check the straightness with the guideline and level, and wipe
up any excess mortar. Then repeat until the second row is done. Continue building your wall
form the ends inward.
Cutting bricks to size
Sometimes, we will have to cut some bricks to particular size to obtain the staggered vertical
joints. To do this, mark the cut on the brick and place it on firm ground or a solid base. Align the
cutting edge of your bolster chisel with your lump hammer. Chip off rough edges using the
bolster and lump hammer.
Finishing off
Fill any holes in the seams then strike them with either the piece of pipe or the trowel to give
your brickwork a professional finish. Brush the brickwork down with a soft hand brush to remove
any excess mortar from the brickwork face.
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10. Louise Fong Kah Yan/0322815
Colouring agents
Always add a colouring agent to the mortar mix if you would like to improve the finished look of
your brickwork. Colouring agents are simple to add, make sure the quantities of sand, cement
and agent that go into each mix. Use the same sand for each mix as different ones can produce
variations in the shade of colour.
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11. Louise Fong Kah Yan/0322815
The machineries,plants and tools involved in constructinga brick
wall
MORTAL MIXER CHALK LINE LEVEL
TAPE MEASURE HAMMER MORTAL BOARD
BRICK JOINTER/TROWEL MIXING BUCKET MORTAL
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12. Louise Fong Kah Yan/0322815
OBJECTIVES
 To under the basic of the construction process.
 Witness the usage of construction equipment on site including
mechanical plants.
 Explore and identify various types of building materials and technology on site
 Explain the construction of building and the scientific princples that underpin the design
and construction

13. Louise Fong Kah Yan/0322815
Learning outcomes/Conclusion
In the first place, I have to thank Ms Ang, and Pn Azrina for their effort in looking for a site for us
to visit, althought their request to a site visit was rejected. Despite of we can’t go for the site
visit, Ms Azrina had assisnged us with another task which is prepare a site report after watching
some construction site working (brick wall) videos.
Through this assignment, I’ve learned about the materials of brick wall which are cement, and
sand, equipment and tools required are mortar mixer, trowel, tape, hammer brick and so on.
After watching these videos, I found it is very efficient on improving my knowledge on how a
brick wall had made. It had cleared my confusing and question on how the brick wall works and
how the material look like.
In conclusion, I found this assignment is helpful even I never been site because the video had
clearly show that how the brick wall construct progress.
THE END
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