N5

1. National 5 History: Hitler & Nazi
Germany
Treatment of Jewish People in Nazi
Germany

2. Today’s lesson – Treatment of Jewish People in Nazi
Germany
We are developing our knowledge and understanding of
what life was like for Jewish people living under the Nazi
Government
By the end of today’s lesson I should be able to:
1) Explain why the Nazis disliked the Jews.
2) Describe the negative ways Jews were treated.
Today’s lesson involves:
Note taking
Propaganda task
National 5 Question

3. Path to Nazi
Genocide

4. Anti-Semitism in Europe
Anti-Semitism was a key feature of life in Nazi
Germany, the Nazis aimed to remove the Jews
from society – resulting in the Holocaust.
Anti-Semitism is when you are hostile to,
prejudice or discrimination against people of the
Jewish faith.
However, the problem of anti-Semitism was not
confined to when the Nazis were in power as it
existed long before the Nazis took power.
In the late 1800’s/early 1900’s countries across
Europe saw violent attacks against people of the
Jewish faith.

6. Reasons for Anti-Semitism
There were different reasons for anti-Jewish views in
Germany
- Some Germans believed that Jews were taking over
Germany in terms of population and power. This
was despite Jews never making up more than 1% of
the German population.
- Jews were blamed for Germany’s defeat during
WW1. Some Germans believed that the Jews helped
the Weimar Government ‘Stab Germany in the
back.’
- Some believed that Jews controlled all the money in
Germany and they were to blame for the problems
of Hyperinflation and the Great Depression.

7. Task 1 – can you work out they key ideas displayed in
these Nazi propaganda posters?

8. Hitler’s Anti-Semitic Ideas
• Hitler had used Mein Kampf to write down his
ideas about the Jewish Race
• He believed there were superior races such as
Aryans who were fair skinned people like
Germans
• Jews and people from Balkan countries (ie
Serbia) were far below Aryans in his ideas
• Untermensch = sub human
• He also believed people were Jewish by blood,
so they could not change this

9. Task 1
Copy the following mind-map in a new double page in your jotter.
Treatment of Jews
in Nazi Germany
Kristallnacht
Nuremberg Laws
Propaganda
Concentration
Camps
The Mischling Test

10. Task 2 – Propaganda Task
• You will work in pairs to look at 6
images
• Almost all of these appeared in
children’s storybooks after 1933
• You should discuss each together and
write down the key message of each
– what is the image designed to make
us think of Jews? Write this in your
mind-map
• Each image has many messages so try
to challenge yourself to get more
than one

11. 1
2
3
4

12. 5 6

13. Propaganda
From 1933
• Anti-Jewish propaganda – posters and films (obvious and
subtle)
• Children’s storybooks became anti-Semitic
• Teachers encouraged the bullying of Jewish children
• Science lessons at school began to teach ‘race science’
1 April 1933 – one day boycott of Jewish businesses
May 1933- Public Burning of Jewish books
Many Jews sacked from jobs in the Army and Civil Service
Yellow park benches for Jews only
Jews encouraged to leave Germany without their
possessions
1934 – all Jewish businesses identified with ‘Juden’ on
window
http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/nazi-book-burnings-
remembered/7196.html

14. The Mischling Test
The Nazis used the Mischling Test to
determine if someone was Jewish or not.
This was not simply about being a person of
Jewish faith, however the Nazis believed
that this test could tell if you had a Jewish
grandparent.
Part of this test involved measuring the size
of a person’s nose to determine if they
were Jewish or not.

15. The Nuremberg Laws
The Nuremberg Laws were introduced in 1935 to specifically
discriminate against Jewish people in Germany. The laws
included:
• Took away German citizenship from Jews
• Marriage between Jews and Aryans illegal
• Jewish businesses disbanded
• Jews without a traditional Jewish name must add ‘Sara’ or
‘Israel’ to their names.
• Jewish doctors, lawyers were not allowed to have Aryan
clients
• Jews had a J stamped on their passports
• Aryan women under 45 not allowed to work for Jews

16. Kristallnacht – The night of broken glass
• This was an event that took place
between 9-10 November 1938
• The Nazis use the murder of a
Jewish diplomat in Paris to carry
out a nationwide attack on
Jewish communities
• The SS (Hitler’s Bodyguard)
destroyed Jewish shops,
businesses and synagogues across
Germany

17. Kristallnacht – The night of
broken glass
Aftermath of Kristallnacht
• 91 Jews were killed
• Around 20,000 Jews sent to concentration camps.
• 400 synagogues burnt down
• Over 7500 Jewish shops destroyed.
• Fire Service told only to protect Aryan property
• Nazis blamed it on Jewish community and fined
them 1 billion marks.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/kristallnacht/3278.h
tml
http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/kristallnacht-
remembered/7197.html

19. Concentration Camps
Towards the later part of the 1930’s
many Jews were sent to concentration
camps or forced to live in poorer areas
(Ghettos) such as that in Warsaw.
During World War Two, the
concentration camps became death
camps as Hitler and the Nazis
attempted to kill all Jews as part of the
holocaust.

20. Treatment of the Jews – two
types of N5 question
1. Describe the life for Jews in Germany 1933-
39. 5 marks
2. Explain why life became difficult for Jews in
Germany between 1933 and 1935.
5 marks