The document introduces mechanisms, defining them as assemblies of machine components designed to create desired motion from available motion while transmitting forces. It explains the four bar linkage mechanism, including Grashof's law, which determines the motion types based on the lengths of links, and describes various crank mechanisms. Additionally, it covers special cases of the four bar linkage such as parallelogram and deltoid linkages.

1. Introduction to Mechanisms

2. What is a Mechanism?
Mechanism is an assembly of machine components
(Kinematic Links) designed to obtain a desired motion
from an available motion while transmitting
appropriate forces and moments.

3. Simple machines

4. Mechanisms Examples
• Gear Trains

5. Mechanisms Examples
• Bicycles, Four bar linkage

6. Mechanisms Examples
• Sawing Machine
Lock Stitch Mechanism

7. Mechanisms Examples
• Inside a Clock

8. Mechanisms Examples
• Geneva mechanism

9. Four Bar Linkage
• Four bar linkage is a simple planer mechanism which has four bar
shaped members
• Usually it has one fixed link
• Three moving links and four pin joints

10. Four Bar Linkage
•Grashof’s Law
Grashof's theorem states that, a four bar mechanism
has at least one revolving link if sum of the length of its
shortest and longest links less than or equal to the sum
of the length of the other links
s + l ≤ p + q

11. Four Bar Linkage
• Under the Grashof’s Law condition there are three
modes of motions can be identified as follows:
1. Crank rocker mechanism – When the shortest link is the input link
2. Double crank mechanism – When the shortest link is the fixed link
3. Double rocker mechanism – When the shortest link is the coupler link

12. Crank rocker mechanism

13. Double crank mechanism

14. Double rocker mechanism

15. Four Bar Linkage
• When, s + l ≥ p + q (Non Grashof’s condition)
• Non of the link has a revolving motion
• All links have rocking (oscillating) motions except the fixed one

16. Four Bar Linkage (special cases )
• When, s + l = p + q and (s=p, l=q)
• We have special cases of Grashof’s law
• Case -1 : Parallelogram linkage
• When equal links are opposite to each other

17. Four Bar Linkage (special cases )
• When, s + l = p + q and (s=p, l=q)
• Case -2 : Deltoid linkage
• When equal links are adjacent to each other