Production Technology , Packages and practices and nutrient management in pineapple, Case study

1. DEPARTMENT OF FRUIT SCIENCE & HORTICULTURE
TECHNOLOGY
Topic- NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT IN PINEAPPLE
Presented By:
Kumar Ashutosh
1st Year, M.Sc. (Ag), Fruit Science
Admission No.- 221221904

2. CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Indian scenario
3. Economic importance
4. Health benefits
5. Processed products of pineapple
6. Soil and climate
7. Planting materials
8. Planting method
9. Nutrient management
10.Flowering
11.Case study
12.Conclusion
13.References

3. Pineapple- “ Nature ‘s porcupine’’/
‘’Golden Queen’’
Botanical name - Ananas comusus
Family- Bromeliaceae
Chromosome no. – 2n=50( diploid)
Centre of origin- Brazil/ South America
Pineapple cultivation was introduced to India by
Portuguese in 1548 AD.
Fruit type- Multiple fruit ( Sorosis)
Edible parts – Perianth, rachis/peduncle, bracts,
and pericarp.
It can be grown as mixed crop in most of the
orchards and also as hedge plant and as a pure
crop.
It is drought tolerant and suitable for marginal
lands.

11. PLANTING MATERIAL

15.  About 30 t of FYM/ha/year, along with 500:140:560 kg
NPK/ha for 42,000 plants/ha whereas 600:200:600 kg NPK
for 64000 pl/ha.
Fertilizers should be applied at 3 months after planting in 4
split intervals.
Foliar application of N (2-4%) is practiced.
 Micronutrients deficiency
Iron, Zinc and copper deficiency are common in pineapple, the
deficiencies can be corrected by spraying FeSO4 @3 %, ZnSO4 @ 1% as
foliar spray.
Copper deficiency can be corrected by drenching CuSO4 (1.5-2%) at 30-
50 ml per plant.

16. Role of Boron in pineapple
Boron is a key element for proper nutrition of pineapple. Lack of boron can cause:
•Malformed fruit
•Broken core
•Separation and cracking of fruitlets
•Poor fruit set
•Reduced sugar content
•Boron deficiency of pineapple often produces an empty space in the fruit, known as “hollow
heart” or “woody tissue”.
•Research has shown that boron amendments in pineapple can increase sugar content,
increase quality of fruit produced, and strengthen root and slip development.
•Boron has also been found beneficial when adding ethephon to induce flowering.

17. Role of Zinc in pineapple
• Regulation of auxin conc. in plants through involving in Tryptophan synthesis (Precursor of
auxin)
• Promotion of synthesis of cytochrome–C.
• Transportation of carbohydrate & regulates sugar consumption.
• Help in photosynthesis & N- metabolism.
• Constituent of number of enzymes such as dehydrogenase, phosphodiesterase, carbonic
anhydrase.

18. Role of copper in pineapple
• Transport of photosynthetic electron mediated by plastocyanin.
• It is activator of several enzymes such as oxidase, tyrosianse, lactase &
ascorbic acid oxidase.
• Improves the flavor of fruits of pineapple .
• Increase sugar content .
• Intensification of color of pineapple fruit .
• Needed for chlorophyll production, respiration

19. Role of sulphur
1.Required for synthesis of S-containing amino acids (cystine, cysteine, methionine), which are
essential compounds of proteins.
2. Helps in synthesis of chlorophyll.
3.Helps in stabilizing protein structure by S cross links .
4.To provide aroma to pineapple fruit.

20. Role of Iron in pineapple
• Structural compound/component of porphyrin molecules (chlorophyll),
cytochrome, hemes, hormatin, ferrochrome, leghaemoglobin.
• Activator of biochemical process such as respiration & photosynthesis.
• Structural component of ferrodoxin that are stable Fe-S protein .
• Structural componenent of nitrite reductase enzyme (Fe-S) .
• Found in enzyme system, cytochrome oxidase, catalase & perioxidase.
• Required for heme protein formation in legumes.
• Need for respiration & energy transfer in plant.

28.  A pineapple plant generally attains flowering stage 11-12 months after
planting by which time the plant should have produced atleast 40 leaves.
 Irregular flowering behavior is one of its major drawback.
 Flowering is not uniform in pineapple, to induce good and uniform flowering
the following measures are to be taken, spraying of NAA 100-200 ppm ie.
 Pouring of 50 ml solution in to the center ( heart ) of plant to induce good
flowering. Also, ethrel at 25ppm combining with Urea (2%) and sodium
carbonate (0.04%) to induce good flowering.
 These application has to be done, when the plants have 35-40 functional
leaves and a clear sunny days (one year old plants).
 Staggered planting to get fruits throughout the year, the plants generally
gives out the inflorescence in 12-13 months after planting (Feb-April).

29. Material and methods
• The experiment was conducted at Horticulture farm under Department of
Horticulture and Post Harvest Technology, Institute of Agriculture, Visva
Bharati, Sriniketan and departmental laboratory.
• Uniform suckers of Kew pineapple variety were planted in double hedge row
system with the spacing of 25cm x 35cm x 90cm and bed size was
3m x 0.7m = 2.1sq.m
• The whole experiment was conducted using Randomized Block Design with
three replications.
• The experiment was consisting of 9 treatment comprising:
CASE STUDY OF INM IN PINEAPPLE

30. Different Treatments used

31. • N and K were given at 4 split doses.
• Half dose of N and K along with entire P was given as basal at the time of planting
and rest amount of N and K was given three times at after
every two months of interval.
• 10 g each of Azotobactor and Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria with 500g FYM applied half
during planting and rest half 8 months after planting.
• Observation was recorded on yield and quality attributes on fruit length without crown
(cm), crown length (cm), fruit weight without crown (g), crown weight (g), estimated yield
without crown (t/ha), fruit juice content (g), TSS(brix), acidity (%), TSS: acidity ratio,
reducing sugar (%) and total sugar (%)
Among all the treatments T7 (30t/ha FYM + 75% of RDF of NPK + biofertilizer) has showed
best result in obtaining maximum TSS (13.93 oBrix) and TSS:acidity ratio (20.18) and
minimum was recorded in T1.
PROCEDURE

37. • It is very known fact that integrated nutrient management stimulated the function of
number of enzymes in physiological process.
• The acids have either been converted into sugar and their derivatives by the reaction
evolving reversal of glycolytic pathway or might be used into transpiration or both.
• On the basis of above findings it may be concluded that use of vermicompost along with the
combination of NPK and biofertilizer found to be the best and beneficial for obtaining higher
yield in pineapple (cv. Kew).
• The studies emphasize the application of 30t/ha FYM + 75% RDF of NPK + biofertilizer as
best treatment in terms of maintaining fruit bio-chemical parameters of pineapple.
• Over all T9 and T7 which is a combination of organic manure, inorganic fertilizer and
biofertilizer was found to be best with best fruit length without crown, fruit weight without
crown, total estimated yield of medium high quality fruits.
CONCLUSION

38. REFERENCES
1.Ghosh SN, Roy S, Bera B, Kundu A. Effect of organic and inorganic nutrition on production of
pineapple grown as intercrop in mango orchard in laterite soil. Indian Journal of Fertilisers. 2013;
9(11):30-33.
2.Amin, M. N., Rahman, M. M., Rahman, K. W., Ahmed, R., Hossain, M. S. And Ahmed, M. B.
2005. Large scale plant regeneration in vitro from leaf derived callus cultures of pineapple [Anana
comosus L. Merr. Cv. Giant Kew]. Int. J. Bot., 1 (2): 128-132
3. Rohrbach, K. G., Leal, F. and Coppens d’Eeckenbrugge, G. C. 2003. History,
distribution and world production. In: The Pineapple: Botany, Production and Uses.
Bartholomew, D. P., Paull, R. E. and Rohrbach, K. G. (eds). CABI Publishing, New York,
USA. pp. 1-12.
4.Rojas, W. U. and Solidum, P. P. 1990. Effect of different ethrel concentrations on the
flowering
and fruit setting of pineapple (Ananas comosus L.). CMU J. Sci., 3 (2): 25-32.