a research result report power point in fulfillment of my BSc degree

1. COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
DEPARTMENT OF PLANT SCIENCE
A senior research project result report presentation on
The effect of different rate of phosphorus fertilizer on the growth
performance of soybean ( Glycine max L.) Under Zenzelma condition.
BY
1. Tesfahun Belay
2. Alachew Zegeye
3. Yeshareg Moges
4. Adane Takele
5. Adna Fentaw
6. Yabsera Melak
under the guidance of Tadele Yeshiwas (Msc)
June, 2018 G.C
Bahirdar, Ethiopia
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2. Outline
 Introduction
 Objective
 Material and Method
 Result and Discussion
 Conclusion and Recommendation
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3. Introduction
 Soybean (Glycine max L.) is a member of leguminoceae family with great nutritional
value.
 The crop has the highest protein content (40%) of all food crops and is equivalent to
proteins of animal products.
 It is the second next to groundnut in terms of oil content (20%) among food legumes
 Soybean is not only seen as an oil plant but also used for various purposes.
 It is an essential source of protein, soymilk, soy meat, oil and micronutrients in
human and animal diets.
Background and justification
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4. Cont....
Recently, the interest in soybean has been increased and research work on soybean has
been reactivated, this was due to increasing demand for soybean as an industrial
crop in most part of the world.
phosphorus has been shown to be an essential element and its application has been
shown to be important for growth, development and yield of soybean.
On the other hand, phosphorus deficiency hinders growth performance and yield
potential of the crop since soybeans are more susceptible to nutrient deficiencies due
to their shallow and fibrous root system.
The recommended rates of phosphorus vary from area to area based on the soil
condition of the locality and there is no worldwide accepted rate of phosphorus
application for soybean. However; the recommended rate of phosphorus application
for soybean in Ethiopia is 100 kg/ha. 4

5. Statement of the problem
both excess and under application of phosphorus could adversely affect the growth, yield
and yield components of soybean. Therefore, It is important to determine the optimum
phosphorus fertilizer rate.
Most of Ethiopian soils are deficient in available phosphorus; however, so far there have
been limited research efforts in determining proper P application rates for soybean
grown in different soils and climate conditions.
The existing P application rate for soybean is on blanket manner means that there is no
soil or area specific recommendation rate of phosphorus fertilizer. So, farmers are
getting low yield and poor quality of soybean. Thus, this research was initiated to
determine suitable rate of phosphorus application which result in better growth
performance of soybean under Zenzelma condition.
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6. Objective of the study
General objective
 To evaluate the effect of application of different rates of phosphorus fertilizer on growth performance of soybean
(Glycine max L.) under Zenzelma condition.
Specific objectives
 To determine the effect of different rates phosphorus application on the growth performance of soybean.
 To identify suitable phosphorus application rates that enhances the growth performance of soybean.
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7. Materials and methods
Soil type Temperature Rainfall altitude longitude
Well drained
Clay loam soil
19.6oc 141 mm 1800 m.a.s.l 3701
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Table-1. Description of the study area
 The field experiment was conducted during 2010 E.C crop growing
season at the farm land of Bahir Dar university college of agriculture
and environmental science in west Gojjam zone which is located
approximately 37.360 east and 11.570 north.
Description of experimental site

8. Plant material
 A high yielding Soybean seed variety Belesa-95 was used.
 It has a yield potential of 1700-2900 kg/ha and a maturity period of 134-169 days.
 It is resistant to Bacterial purple and blight.
 It is grown in long rainfall areas of western and south western part of Ethiopia.
Fertilizer Material
 Phosphorus fertilizer in the form of DAP (46% P) was used by calculating amount of P from 100 kg
of urea.
 P fertilizer was applied at different rates to the experimental plots but it was not necessary to use N
fertilizer in the form of urea since soybean is nitrogen fixing legume.
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9. Treatment and experimental design
The treatments consisted of five rates of DAP
 Treatment one (T1) = 0 Kg/ha as control
 Treatment two (T2) = 50 Kg/ha
 Treatment three (T3) = 75 kg/ha
 Treatment four (T4) = 100 kg/ha
 Treatment five (T5) = 125 kg/ha
 The treatments were arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design
(RCBD) with five treatments and three replications.
 The experimental area is divided into small homogenous blocks and each
replication contains complete set of treatments which allocated to plots within
each block at random.
 Each plot has four rows and each row contain ten plants.
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Experimental Procedures
 The experimental field was selected and all unwanted materials like
stones, straw, weeds and any other unwanted substances were removed.
 The land was prepared manually by digging at least two times. The
level of the surface of the land was softened with addition of water and
we prepared raised seed beds.
 The seed of soybean was placed at the depth of 2.5 cm and phosphorus
fertilizer was applied during sowing in all experimental plots except
the control plots.
 watering was carried out two times a day i.e. early in the morning and
in the afternoon. other cultural practices like weeding were carried out
properly.

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12. Data collected
Data on the following plant parameters was collected in order to evaluate the effects
of application of different rate of P on soybean growth.
 Date of emergence
 Leaf length (cm)
 Plant height (cm)
 Number of leaf per plant
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13. Method of data collection
The growth parameter measurement was carried out from 5 randomly selected plants from
each plot.
 Plant height (cm) was measured from the ground level to the top most growth point
above ground after the plants reached at maximum growth stage by using ruler.
 Number of leaves was measured by visual counting of leaf on randomly taken plants.
 Leaf length (cm) was measured from the end of sheath to the tip of the leaf by using
ruler.
The date of emergence was determined by counting the number of days from sowing
to the time when 50% of the plants started to emerge through visual observation. 13

14. Data analysis
 Data was subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the significance was evaluated
using least significance difference (LSD) at 5% probability level statistically.
Result and discussion
Effects of P fertilizer on phenological parameters of Soybean
 Date of emergence
 The result indicated that there was no significant difference among different rates of P
fertilizer (P > 0.05).
 The earliest days to emergence was observed in soybean plants treated with the
highest P fertilizer rate i.e. 125 kg/ha.
 On the contrary, the latest days to emergence was observed on soybean plants treated
with 75 kg/ha.
 Our finding is not in line with the finding of (Kandil et al, 2017).
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15. P levels Date of
emergence
Leaf
length
Plant height Number of leaf
per plant
0 7.6 5.6 14.0b 12.3
50 7.6 6.2 19.4a 13.3
75 8.0 6.2 19.7a 13.6
100 7.6 7.5 22.4a 14.3
125 7.0 8.0 23.4a 16
Mean 7.6 6.7 19.8 13.9
CV 5.8 16 12.3 18.2
LSD (0.05) ns ns 4.5 ns
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Table-2. Main effects of P fertilizer on growth parameters

16. Leaf length
 The result indicated that there was no significant difference
among treatments (P > 0.05).
 The longest leaf was recorded on soybean plants treated with 125
kg/ha DAP.
 The shortest leaf was measured on soybean plants treated as
control.
 Our finding is not in line with the finding of Asaminew (2007).
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17. Plant height
 The result indicated that there was highly significant
difference among treatments (P = 0.01).
 The tallest plant was measured in soybean plants treated with
125 kg/ha.
 On the contrary, the shortest plant was measured in soybean
plants treated as control.
 Plant height generally increased significantly with an increase
in the rate of P application.
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18. Number of leaf per plant
 The result indicated that there was no significant difference
among different P fertilizer rates (P > 0.05).
 The highest number of leaf was counted on soybean plants treated
with 125 kg/ha.
 The least number of leaf was recorded on soybean plants treated
as control.
 This finding is in line with the finding of ( Fahmina et al, 2013).
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19. Conclusion and Recommendation
 Date of emergence, leaf length and number of leaf per
plant was not significantly affected by different rates of P
fertilizer (P > 0.05).
 The only parameter that was significantly affected by
different levels of P fertilizer is plant height.
 In general, the earliest days of emergence , the tallest
plant , the longest leaf and the highest number of leaves
was recorded in soybean plants that was treated with 125
kg/ha P fertilizer. 19

20. Cont…
 Therefore, we recommend application of 125 kg/ha DAP for better growth
performance of belesa-95 soybean variety.
 Our findings revealed that phosphorus had tremendous effect only on plant
height of soybean.
 However, as this is one season experiment at one location, similar
experiments have to be repeated with different phosphorus rate and varieties
over locations and seasons to reach at more reliable conclusion.
 Even though, application of different rates of phosphorus fertilizer significantly
affected plant height, the yield of soybean may reduce due to lodging.
 We observed lodging of soybeans treated with the highest P level.
Therefore, the results of this experiment have to be verified for yield and yield
components.
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Congratulation, graduates