MEMOONA IQBAL (Thesis presentation) (18121714-012) 02-04-2021.pptx

COMPARATIVE EFFECTS OF SESAME OIL
AND CLOVE OIL ON GROWTH
PERFORMANCE, BLOOD PROFILE AND
IMMUNITY OF RABBIT (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
BY
MEMOONA IQBAL
ROLL # 18121714-012
MPhil ZOOLOGY
SUPERVISED BY: DR RAZIA IQBAL
UNIVERSITY OF GUJRAT
Date: 02-04-2021

OUTLINE
Introduction
Research Objectives
Materials and Methods
Results
Conclusion
Recommendations
References
Appendices

1. INTRODUCTION
Essential oils
Aromatic liquids
Aromatic natured plants
Biological activities
Antibiotic growth agents
Used in animal diet
Positive impacts
Growth performance
Internal microbiota and health
(Kalemba & Kunicka, 2003; Prakash, Singh, Kedia & Dubey, 2012; Bento et al., 2013)

SESAME OIL
Family Pedaliacecae
High nutritional value
Phenolic content
Flavoniods
Pigments
(Zeb, Muhammad & Ullah, 2017)
Continue…
(Pathak, Bhaduri & Rai, 2019)
(Saydut, Duz, Kaya, Kafadar & Hamamci, 2008)

SESAME OIL
• Antioxidant
• Anti-hypersensitive
• Anti-cancer
• Allergic reactions
• Used as solvent
• Skin softeners
• Margarines
• Pharmaceuticals
• Lubricants
• Lowering the concentration
of cholesterol
• Controlling blood pressure,
• Dermatological disease
Uses
Properties
Continue…
(Reshma, Balachandran, Arumughan,
Sunderasan & Sukumaran, 2010)
(Morris, 2002; Prasad, Kr & Prasad, 2012)

CLOVE OIL
Family Myrtaceae
High nutritive value
Eugenol
Beta-caryophyllene
Continue…
(Chaieb et al., 2007)
(Prashar, Locke & Evans, 2006)

CLOVE OIL
• Antibacterial activities
• Antioxidant
• Anti-mutogenic
• Anti-tumor
• Enhance learning and
memory recall
• Medication
• Headache
• Tooth pain
• Sore throat
• Respiratory system
• Digestive system
Properties Uses
Continue…
(Feres et al., 2005; Ogata, Hoshi, Urano & Endo, 2000; Atsumi, Iwakura, Fujisawa
& Ueha, 2001; Miyazawa & Hisama, 2001; Dashti & Morshedi, 2009; Yadav, 2013)

Rabbit
Lagomorpha
Internal system is similar
to human
Easily accessible
Gestation period (31-32
days )
(Fang et al., 2006)
Continue…

2. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
a) To study the effects of Sesame oil and Clove oil on the
growth performance of the rabbits
b) To access the change in the blood profile and immunity of
the rabbits by using different concentrations of Sesame oil
and Clove oil

3. MATERIALS AND METHODS
Sesame Oil Clove Oil Semi-automatic Chemical Analyzer
(HKTE0112 Guangzhoun Hekang)
ELISA
(Reid et al., 2004; Waltari,Carabajal, Sanyal, Friedland & McCutcheon, 2020)

Research
Specimen
Treatment FCR
Experimental
protocol
Results
Analysis
METHODOLOGY
Continue…

Research
Specimen
Treatment
Experimental
Protocol
FCR
Oryctolagus
cuniculus
Groups
• Group A
• Group B
• Group C
• 9 specimens in each group
Acclimatization
Feed
12 hour light & dark cycle,
23 ± 2ºC temperature,
Clean cage daily
• 108 male rabbits
• Age 8 weeks, 1-1.5kg
(Bradbury & Dickens, 2016)
• Soaked bread
• Ad labitum water
Continue…

Research
Specimen
Treatment
Experimental
Protocol
FCR
(Ahmad, Razooqi AL-Janabi & Shaban
AL-Qesee, 2019; Naeem et al., 2020)
Group B
Clove Oil
Control
0.1ml/kg BW
0.2ml/kg BW
0.3ml/kg BW
Group C
Sesame Oil + Clove Oil
Control
0.1+0.1ml/kg BW
0.2+0.2ml/kg BW
0.3+0.3ml/kg BW
Group A
Sesame Oil
Control
0.1ml/kg BW
0.2ml/kg BW
0.3ml/kg BW
Method of
Treatment
• Mixed in feed
• Once a day
• For 6 weeks
Dose

Research
Specimen
Treatment
Experimental
Protocol
FCR
Sampling
Lab Analysis
K3 EDTA & Gel Tubes
3ml fine needle syringes
Continue…

Research
Specimen
Treatment
Experimental
Protocol
FCR
Continue…
Sampling
• From Jugular vein
• At 15th, 30th and 45th days
(Syrvatka et al., 2014; Parasuraman, Raveendran & Kesavan, 2017)
K3 EDTA Tube Gel Tube

Microtubes filled with Serum
Continue…
Purple Cap K3 EDTA Tubes and Yellow Cap Gel Tubes

Blood Sample Collection
Target site: Jugular
vein
Fur was removed
from neck area &
neck was cleaned
with 70% isopropyl
alcohol
Jugular vein
was identified
Slowly drawn blood
in 3ml syringe
Properly labelled K3
EDTA and Gel tubes.
3ml blood was
collected in tubes
In gel tube, blood
Clotting was done in
15-30 min at room
temperature
Centrifuged at 1500
xg for 10 min
Serum was collected
in small microtubes
Stored at -20 °C
CONTINUE Continue…
(Rehman et al., 2012; Syrvatka et al., 2014; Parasuraman, Raveendran & Kesavan, 2017)

Research
Specimen
Treatment
Experimental
Protocol
FCR
Lab Analysis
ELISA kit
Hematological Analyzer
(HKTE0112 Guangzhoun Hekang)
ELISA Plate Reader
(Reid et al., 2004;
Waltari,Carabajal, Sany
al, Friedland &
McCutcheon, 2020)

Analyzer machine
was washed by
aspirating water
Setup process was
done
Blood filled tubes
were inverted
Cover of each tube
was removed
Blood sample was
aspirated for
analysis
Result was
appeared
numerically as well
as graphically on
the screen of the
analyzer
Hematological Laboratory Test
(Syrvatka et al., 2014)
Continue…

Hematological Parameters
The hematological parameters which were considered during blood
collection include:
RBCs (Red Blood Cells)
WBCs (White Blood Cells)
Platelets
Hb (Hemoglobin)
HCT (Hematocrit)
MCV (Mean Cell Volume)
MCH
MCHC
Continue…
(Syrvatka et al., 2014; Reid et al., 2004)

Continue…
ELISA Procedure
Samples and
reagents were taken
at room temperature
50µl sample and
standard was added
in each well
Covered and
incubated for 2
hours, washed with
200µl wash buffer
200µl of blocking
buffer was added,
incubated for 30
min and washed
50µl of antibody
solution, incubated
for 2 hours
200µl of PBS
substrate to clean
excess buffer
200μl of blocking
buffer solution and
incubate for 30 min
then washed
Secondary antibody
was added,
incubated for 2
hours
Washed with 200μl
of washing buffer
75μl substrate
solution, incubate
for 1 hour
25μl stop solution
was transferred to
wells
Results were
checked on micro-
reader plate
(Waltari, Carabajal, Sanyal, Friedland & McCutcheon, 2020)

Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR)
The growth rates of rabbits exclusively rely on certain factors including
food intake, utilization and environmental factors
The weight of rabbits was recorded once before initiating the experiment
and at 15th, 30th and 45th days
The weight for each of the group was measured separately after 12 hours
of fasting in order to avoid the addition of gut contents into rabbit’s total
body weight
The feed intake was fixed for each group and it was measured on daily
basis
The calculation for feed conversion ratio was made by dividing feed intake
with weight gain
Continue…
(Gidenne, Garreau, Drouilhet, Aubert & Maertens, 2017)

SPSS Version
21.0
(Mean ± S.E.M)
Statistical Analysis
CONTINUE
ANOVA

4. Results
Figure-4.1: Concentration and Time Dependent Effect of Sesame Oil on Body Weight of
Rabbits at Different Time-Scales (15th, 30th and 45th Days)

Continue…
Figure-4.2: Concentration and Time Dependent Effect of Sesame Oil on Feed
Conversion Ratio (FCR) of Rabbits at Different Time-Scales (15th, 30th and 45th Days)

Continue…
Figure-4.3: Concentration and Time Dependent Effect of Sesame Oil on Antibody
Titer level against Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus (RHDV) of Rabbits at
Different Time-Scales (15th, 30th and 45th Days)

Figure-4.4: Concentration and Time Dependent Effect of Clove Oil on Body
Weight of Rabbits at Different Time-Scales (15th, 30th and 45th Days)
Continue…

Figure-4.5: Concentration and Time Dependent Effect of Clove Oil on Feed
Conversion Ratio (FCR) of Rabbits at Different Time-Scales (15th, 30th and 45th Days)
Continue…

Figure-4.6: Concentration and Time Dependent Effect of Clove Oil on Antibody
Titer level against Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus (RHDV) of Rabbits at
Different Time-Scales (15th, 30th and 45th Days)
Continue…

Figure-4.7: Concentration and Time Dependent Effects of Sesame Oil + Clove Oil
on Body Weight of Rabbits at Different Time-Scales (15th, 30th and 45th Days)
Continue…

Figure-4.8: Concentration and Time Dependent Effects of Sesame Oil + Clove
Oil on Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) of Rabbits at Different Time-Scales (15th,
30th and 45th Days)
Continue…

Figure-4.9: Concentration and Time Dependent Effects of Sesame Oil + Clove
Oil on Antibody Titer level against Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus
(RHDV) of Rabbits at Different Time-Scales (15th, 30th and 45th Days)
Continue…

Effect of Sesame Oil on Blood Profile
• Blood components were increased at concentration 0.3ml/kg body
weight.
• The mean values of:
• Hb level (14.25 ± 0.38 g/dl)
• RBC’s count (8.06 ± 0.12 10^12/l)
• HCT level (53.66 ± 0.88 %)
• MCV (83.66 ± 0.88 fL)
• MCH level (41.00 ± 1.52 pg)
• MCHC level (46.33 ± 0.88 g/dl)
• WBC’s count (11.86 ± 0.13 10^9/l)
• Platelets (342.33 ± 0.88 10^9/l)

Effect of Clove Oil on Blood Profile
• Improved blood profile was identified at concentration 0.2ml/kg body
weight.
• The average values for:
• Hb level (14.06 ± 0.46 g/dl)
• RBC’s count (7.83 ± 0.03 10^12/l)
• HCT level (53.00 ± 2.30 %)
• MCV (83.66 ± 0.88 fL)
• MCH level (36.66 ± 0.33 pg)
• MCHC level (41.33 ± 1.20 g/dl)
• WBC’s count (13.43 ± 0.23 10^9/l)
• Platelets number (392.00 ± 3.5110^9/l)

Effects of Sesame Oil + Clove Oil on Blood Profile
• Hematological parameters were higher at concentrations 0.3+0.3ml/kg body
weight.
• The mean values for:
• Hb level (16.03 ± 0.14 g/dl)
• RBC’s count (9.76 ± 0.14 10^12/l)
• HCT level (58.66 ± 1.76 %)
• MCV (95.33 ± 1.76 fL)
• MCH level (47.66 ± 0.88 pg)
• MCHC level (58.66 ± 2.60 g/dl)
• WBC’s count (14.83 ± 0.60 10^9/l)
• Platelets number (562.66 ± 3.17 10^9/l)

5. Conclusion
• Sesame oil and Clove oil have significantly increased (p<0.05) the
growth performance, blood profile and immunity of male rabbits
• Sesame oil promoted the weight, hematological parameters and
immunity at 0.3ml/kg BW, while clove oil enhanced these
parameters at 0.2ml/kg BW
• Sesame oil was more active than clove oil in enhancing the
parameters during the whole experiment
• Furthermore, SO + CO at concentrations 0.3+0.3ml/kg BW showed
the better results in improving the health of male rabbits

6. Recommendations
• Sesame oil and Clove oil should be supportive to enhance the
health of mammals and other animals
• Sesame oil is slightly alkaline, so it can be helpful at concentration
0.3ml/kg BW, while the use of Clove oil will be useful at
concentration 0.2ml/kg BW due to its slightly acidic nature for
small mammals
• They can be used without any side effects within proper range of
doses
• They can be best natural alternative due to the presence of nutritive
compounds rather than other growth promoter medicines

7. REFERENCES
• Bento, M., Ouwehand, A., Tiihonen, K., Lahtinen, S., Nurminen, P., Saarinen, M., & Fischer, J. (2013). Essential oils
and their use in animal feeds for monogastric animals – Effects on feed quality, gut microbiota, growth performance
and food safety: A review. Veterinarni Medicina, 58(9), 449-458.
• Kalemba, D., & Kunicka, A. (2003). Antibacterial and antifungal properties of essential oils. Current Medicinal
Chemistry, 10, 813–829.
• Prakash, B., Singh, P., Kedia, A., & Dubey, N. K. (2012). Assessment of some essential oils as food preservatives based
on antifungal, antiaflatoxin, antioxidant activities and in vivo efficacy in food system. International Food Resources,
49, 201–208.
• Pathak, N., Bhaduri, A., & Rai, A. K. (2019). Sesame: Bioactive Compounds and Health Benefits. Bioactive Molecules
in Food, 181-200.
• Saydut, A., Duz, M. Z., Kaya, C., Kafadar, A. B., & Hamamci, C. (2008). Transesterified sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)
seed oil as a biodiesel fuel. Bioresource Technology, 99, 6656-6660.
• Zeb, A., Muhammad, B., & Ullah, F. (2017). Characterization of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) seed oil from Pakistan
for phenolic composition, quality characteristics and potential beneficial properties. Journal of Food Measurement and
Characterization, 11(3), 1362-1369.
• Reshma, M. V., Balachandran, C., Arumughan, C., Sunderasan, A., & Sukumaran, D. (2010). Extraction, separation and
characterisation of sesame oil lignan for nutraceutical applications. Food Chemistry, 120, 1041-1046.
• Morris, J. B. (2002). Food, industrial, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical uses of sesame genetic resources. In: Janick J,
Whipkey A, editors. Trends in new crops and new uses. Alexandria, VA: ASHA Press. 153–156.
• Prasad, M. N. N., KR, S., & Prasad, S. D. (2012). A Review on Nutritional and Nutraceutical Properties of Sesame.
Journal of Nutrition & Food Sciences, 02(02).

• Prashar, A., Locke, I. C., & Evans, C. S. (2006). Cytotoxicity of clove (Syzygium aromaticum) oil and its
major components to human skin cells. Cell Proliferation, 39, 241–248.
• Chaieb, K., Hajlaoui, H., Zmantar, T., Kahla-Nakbi, A. B., Rouabhia, M., Mahdouani, K., & Bakhrouf, A.
(2007). The chemical composition and biological activity of clove essential oil, Eugenia caryophyllata
(Syzigium aromaticum L. Myrtaceae): a short review. Phytotherapy Research, 21(6), 501-506.
• Feres, M., Figueiredo, L. C., Barreto, I. M., Coelho, M. N., Araujo, M. W., & Cortelli, S. C. (2005). In vitro
antimicrobial activity of plant extracts and propolis in saliva samples of healthy and periodontally-involved
subjects. Journal of International Academy of Periodontology, 7, 90–96.
• Ogata, M., Hoshi, M., Urano, S., & Endo, T. (2000). Antioxidant activity of eugenol and related monomeric
and dimeric compounds. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 48, 1467–1469.
• Atsumi, T., Iwakura, I., Fujisawa, S., & Ueha, T. (2001). Reactive oxygen species generation and photo-
cytotoxicity of eugenol in solutions of various pH. Biomaterials, 22, 1459–1466.
• Miyazawa, M., & Hisama, M. (2001). Suppression of chemical mutagen induced SOS response by
alkylphenols from clove (Syzygium aromaticum) in Salmonella typhymurium TA1535/pSK1002 umu test.
Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 49, 4019– 4025.
• Dashti-R, H. M., & Morshedi, A. (2009). The effects of Syzygium aromaticum (clove) on learning and
memory in mice. Asian Journal of Traditional Medicines, 4 (4), 128-133.
• Yadav, R., & Yadav, S. K. (2013). Dental disease and its cure- a review, Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and
Clinical Research, 6(2), 1620.
• Fang, Z. F., Gai, H., Huang, Y. Z., Li, S. G., Chen, X. J., Shi, J. J., Wu, L., Liu, A., Xu, P., & Sheng, H.Z.
(2006). Rabbit embryonic stem cell line derived from fertilized, parthenogentic or somatic cell nuclear
transfer embryos. Experimental Cell Research, 312(18), 3669-3682.

• Bradbury, A. G., & Dickens, G. J. E. (2016). Appropriate handling of pet rabbits: a literature review. Journal of Small Animal
Practice, 57(10), 503-509.
• Ahmad H. S., Razooqi AL-Janabi, Q. A., & Shaban AL-Qesee, R. K. (2019). Study of the therapeutic role against diabetes for olive
oil, soybean oil and sesame oil on some standards of male reproductive system of local rabbits. Research Journal of Pharmacy and
Technology, 12, 9-10.
• Naeem, S., Ali, L., Rizwani, G. H., Ikram, R., Khan, S. S., Shareef H., Younus, I., Malick, T. Z., & Aleem, U. (2020). A comparative
neurobehavioral study of sesame oil and fish oil on experimental animals. Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 33(2), 511-
521.
• Parasuraman, S., Raveendran, R., & Kesavan, R. (2017). Blood sample collection in small laboratory animals. Journal of
Pharmacology Pharmacotherapeutics, 8(3), 153.
• Syrvatka, V., Rozgoni, I., Slyvchuk, Y., Milovanova, G., Hevkan, I., & Matyukha, I. (2014). Effects of Silver Nanoparticles in
Solution and Liposomal Form on some Blood Parameters in Female Rabbits during Fertilization and Early Embryonic
Development. Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences, 3(4), 274-278.
• Rehman, K., Akash, M., Azhar, S., Khan, S., Abid, R., Waseem, A., & Sherazi, T. (2012). A biochemical and histopathologic study
showing protection and treatment of gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rabbits using vitamin c. African Journal of Traditional
Complementary and Alternative Medicines, 9(3).
• Syrvatka, V., Rozgoni, I., Slyvchuk, Y., Milovanova, G., Hevkan, I., & Matyukha, I. (2014). Effects of Silver Nanoparticles in
Solution and Liposomal Form on some Blood Parameters in Female Rabbits during Fertilization and Early Embryonic
Development. Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Sciences, 3(4), 274-278.
• Reid, S. A., Speedy, D. B., Thompson, J. M., Noakes, T. D., Mulligan, G., Page, T., & Milne, C. (2004). Study of hematological and
biochemical parameters in runners completing a standard marathon. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 14(6), 344-353.
• Waltari, E., Carabajal, E., Sanyal, M., Friedland, N., & McCutcheon, K. M. (2020). Adaption of a conventional ELISA to a 96-well
ELISA-array for measuring the antibody responses to influenza virus proteins, viruses and vaccines. Journal of Immunological
Methods, 481–482.
• Gidenne, T., Garreau, H., Drouilhet, L., Aubert, C., & Maertens, L. (2017). Improving feed efficiency in rabbit production, a review
on nutritional, technico-economical, genetic and environmental aspects. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 225, 109-122.

Appendix-01: ANOVAAnalysis (Univariate) Table for the Effect of Sesame Oil on
Body Weight of Rabbits
Tests of Between-Subjects Effects
Dependent Variable: Body Weight
Source Type III Sum of
Squares
df Mean Square F Sig.
Corrected Model 27.173a 11 2.470 800.447 .000
Intercept 413.377 1 413.377 133947.436 .000
Treatment 4.014 3 1.338 433.544 .000
Timescale 22.528 2 11.264 3649.945 .000
Treatment * Timescale .631 6 .105 34.066 .000
Error .074 24 .003
Total 440.624 36
Corrected Total 27.247 35
a. R Squared = .996 (Adjusted R Squared = .997)
8. APPENDICS

Appendix-02: ANOVAAnalysis (Univariate) Table for the Effect of Sesame Oil on Feed
Conversion Ratio (FCR) of Rabbits
Dependent Variable: Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR)
Source Type III Sum
of Squares
Corrected Model 3.037a 11 .276 46.704 .000
Intercept 730.261 1 730.261 123540.318 .000
Treatment 2.157 3 .719 121.610 .000
Timescale .773 2 .387 65.415 .000
Error .142 24 .006
Total 733.439 36

Hemoglobin (g/dl) Level of Rabbits
Dependent Variable: Hemoglobin
Source Type III Sum
of Squares
Intercept 5914.892 1 5914.892 21336.283 .000
Treatment 31.895 3 10.632 38.351 .000
Timescale 4.482 2 2.241 8.083 .002
Treatment * Timescale 1.450 6 .242 .872 .530
Error 6.653 24 .277
Total 5959.372 36

Appendix-04: ANOVAAnalysis (Univariate) Table for the Effect of Sesame Oil on RBCs
(x10^12/l) Level of Rabbits
Dependent Variable: RBC’s
Source Type III Sum
of Squares
Intercept 1541.871 1 1541.871 70262.481 .000
Treatment 7.153 3 2.384 108.658 .000
Timescale 5.931 2 2.965 135.127 .000
Error .527 24 .022
Total 1556.140 36

Dependent Variable: HCT
Source Type III Sum
of Squares
Df Mean Square F Sig.
Intercept 79054.694 1 79054.694 63243.756 .000
Treatment 197.417 3 65.806 52.644 .000
Timescale 298.722 2 149.361 119.489 .000
Treatment * Timescale 10.167 6 1.694 1.356 .272
Error 30.000 24 1.250
Total 79591.000 36
Appendix-05: ANOVAAnalysis (Univariate) Table for the Effect of Sesame Oil on HCT (%)
Level of Rabbits

MCV (fL) Level of Rabbits
Dependent Variable: MCV
Source Type III Sum
of Squares
Df Mean Square F Sig.
Intercept 183612.250 1 183612.250 85844.688 .000
Treatment 276.528 3 92.176 43.095 .000
Timescale 1449.500 2 724.750 338.844 .000
Error 51.333 24 2.139
Total 185425.000 36

Appendix-07: ANOVAAnalysis (Univariate) Table for the Effect of Sesame Oil on MCH (pg)
Level of Rabbits
Dependent Variable: MCH
Squares
Intercept 25190.980 1 25190.980 6743.069 .000
Treatment 442.652 3 147.551 39.496 .000
Timescale 1003.661 2 501.830 134.329 .000
Treatment *
Timescale
74.537 6 12.423 3.325 .016
Error 89.660 24 3.736
Total 26801.490 36

Appendix-08: ANOVAAnalysis (Univariate) Table for the Effect of Sesame Oil on MCHC
(g/dl) Level of Rabbits
Dependent Variable: MCHC
Source Type III Sum
of Squares
Intercept 46944.444 1 46944.444 27704.918 .000
Treatment 292.222 3 97.407 57.486 .000
Timescale 610.889 2 305.444 180.262 .000
Error 40.667 24 1.694
Total 47952.000 36

Appendix-09: ANOVAAnalysis (Univariate) Table for the Effect of Sesame Oil on Platelets
Dependent Variable: PLATELETS
Squares
Intercept 3370284.028 1 3370284.028 54457.013 .000
Treatment 15176.083 3 5058.694 81.738 .000
Timescale 86299.056 2 43149.528 697.210 .000
Error 1485.333 24 61.889
Total 3478633.000 36

Appendix-10: ANOVAAnalysis (Univariate) Table for the Effect of Sesame Oil on WBCs
Dependent Variable: WBCs
Source Type III Sum
of Squares
Intercept 3194.134 1 3194.134 5243.448 .000
Treatment 10.743 3 3.581 5.879 .004
Timescale 47.324 2 23.662 38.843 .000
Treatment * Timescale 2.169 6 .362 .594 .732
Error 14.620 24 .609
Total 3268.990 36

Appendix-11: ANOVAAnalysis (Univariate) Table for the Effect of Sesame Oil on Antibody Titer
Level against Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus (RHDV) of Rabbits
Dependent Variable: Antibody Titer
Squares
Intercept 742508001.000 1 742508001.000 18680.804 .000
Treatment 13032377.889 3 4344125.963 109.294 .000
Timescale 4288728.667 2 2144364.333 53.950 .000
Error 953930.667 24 39747.111
Total 761341102.000 36

Appendix-12: ANOVAAnalysis (Univariate) Table for the Effect of Clove Oil on Body
Weight of Rabbits
Squares
Intercept 380.120 1 380.120 160050.531 .000
Treatment 2.124 3 .708 298.113 .000
Timescale 16.604 2 8.302 3495.580 .000
Error .057 24 .002
Total 399.256 36

Appendix-13: ANOVAAnalysis (Univariate) Table for the Effect of Clove Oil on Feed
Conversion Ratio (FCR) of Rabbits
Source Type III Sum
of Squares
Corrected Model 8.286a 11 .753 234.780 .000
Intercept 692.830 1 692.830 215947.055 .000
Treatment 2.887 3 .962 299.997 .000
Timescale 4.805 2 2.403 748.894 .000
Error .077 24 .003
Total 701.193 36

Appendix-14: ANOVAAnalysis (Univariate) Table for the Effect of Clove Oil on Hemoglobin
Source Type III Sum
of Squares
Intercept 5263.503 1 5263.503 17304.666 .000
Treatment 13.863 3 4.621 15.192 .000
Timescale 18.420 2 9.210 30.279 .000
Treatment * Timescale 1.944 6 .324 1.065 .410
Error 7.300 24 .304
Total 5305.030 36

Appendix-15: ANOVAAnalysis (Univariate) Table for the Effect of Clove Oil on RBCs (x10^12/l)
Level of Rabbits
Source Type III Sum
of Squares
Intercept 1442.734 1 1442.734 19307.959 .000
Treatment 6.963 3 2.321 31.062 .000
Timescale 8.029 2 4.014 53.725 .000
Error 1.793 24 .075
Total 1460.730 36

Appendix-16: ANOVAAnalysis (Univariate) Table for the Effect of Clove Oil on HCT (%) Level
of Rabbits
Source Type III Sum
of Squares
df Mean
Square
F Sig.
Intercept 70986.721 1 70986.721 19278.228 .000
Treatment 310.074 3 103.358 28.070 .000
Timescale 653.476 2 326.738 88.734 .000
Error 88.373 24 3.682
Total 72133.960 36

Appendix-17: ANOVAAnalysis (Univariate) Table for the Effect of Clove Oil on MCV (fL)
Level of Rabbits
Source Type III Sum
of Squares
Intercept 178393.601 1 178393.601 42768.844 .000
Treatment 379.446 3 126.482 30.323 .000
Timescale 1580.507 2 790.254 189.459 .000
Error 100.107 24 4.171
Total 180487.360 36

Appendix-18: ANOVAAnalysis (Univariate) Table for the Effect of Clove Oil on MCH (pg) Level of
Rabbits
Squares
Intercept 26190.028 1 26190.028 14731.891 .000
Treatment 435.417 3 145.139 81.641 .000
Timescale 520.222 2 260.111 146.313 .000
Treatment *
Timescale
36.667 6 6.111 3.438 .014
Error 42.667 24 1.778
Total 27225.000 36

Appendix-19: ANOVAAnalysis (Univariate) Table for the Effect of Clove Oil on MCHC
Source Type III Sum
of Squares
Intercept 46311.040 1 46311.040 22009.207 .000
Treatment 222.187 3 74.062 35.198 .000
Timescale 137.822 2 68.911 32.750 .000
Error 50.500 24 2.104
Total 46794.080 36

Appendix-20: ANOVAAnalysis (Univariate) Table for the Effect of Clove Oil on Platelets (x10^9/l)
Level of Rabbits
Source Type III Sum
of Squares
Intercept 3737133.361 1 3737133.361 26646.227 .000
Treatment 27422.972 3 9140.991 65.176 .000
Timescale 66935.056 2 33467.528 238.628 .000
Error 3366.000 24 140.250
Total 3837097.000 36

Appendix-21: ANOVAAnalysis (Univariate) Table for the Effect of Clove Oil on WBCs
Source Type III Sum
of Squares
Intercept 3862.623 1 3862.623 7369.073 .000
Treatment 15.501 3 5.167 9.857 .000
Timescale 94.012 2 47.006 89.677 .000
Error 12.580 24 .524
Total 3988.030 36

Appendix-22: ANOVAAnalysis (Univariate) Table for the Effect of Clove Oil on
Antibody Titer Level against Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus (RHDV) of Rabbits
Source Type III Sum
of Squares
Intercept 681932291.361 1 681932291.361 22884.722 .000
Treatment 6300985.417 3 2100328.472 70.484 .000
Timescale 2800268.722 2 1400134.361 46.987 .000
Error 715166.000 24 29798.583
Total 692209067.000 36

Appendix-23: ANOVAAnalysis (Univariate) Table for the Effects of Sesame Oil + Clove Oil on
Body Weight of Rabbits
Source Type III Sum
of Squares
Intercept 499.523 1 499.523 81113.261 .000
Treatment 10.753 3 3.584 582.053 .000
Timescale 26.062 2 13.031 2116.032 .000
Treatment *
Timescale
1.168 6 .195 31.616 .000
Error .148 24 .006
Total 537.654 36

Appendix-24: ANOVAAnalysis (Univariate) Table for the Effects of Sesame Oil + Clove
Oil on Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) of Rabbits
Source Type III Sum
of Squares
Intercept 648.127 1 648.127 122416.382 .000
Treatment 5.448 3 1.816 342.983 .000
Timescale 7.851 2 3.926 741.465 .000
Error .127 24 .005
Total 662.346 36

Hemoglobin (g/dl) Level of Rabbits
Source Type III Sum
of Squares
Intercept 6272.640 1 6272.640 18152.334 .000
Treatment 59.616 3 19.872 57.507 .000
Timescale 27.132 2 13.566 39.258 .000
Error 8.293 24 .346
Total 6369.980 36

Appendix-26: ANOVAAnalysis (Univariate) Table for the Effect of Sesame Oil + Clove Oil on
RBCs (x10^12/l) Level of Rabbits
Source Type III Sum
of Squares
Intercept 1866.240 1 1866.240 8547.664 .000
Treatment 28.256 3 9.419 43.138 .000
Timescale 15.727 2 7.863 36.015 .000
Error 5.240 24 .218
Total 1919.280 36

Oil on HCT (%) Level of Rabbits
Source Type III Sum
of Squares
Intercept 85653.778 1 85653.778 27779.604 .000
Treatment 408.222 3 136.074 44.132 .000
Timescale 338.722 2 169.361 54.928 .000
Error 74.000 24 3.083
Total 86494.000 36

Oil on MCV (fL) Level of Rabbits
Source Type III Sum
of Squares
Corrected Model
3758.889a 11 341.717 55.414 .000
Intercept
200107.111 1 200107.111 32449.802 .000
Treatment
1234.000 3 411.333 66.703 .000
Timescale
2306.056 2 1153.028 186.977 .000
Treatment * Timescale
218.833 6 36.472 5.914 .001
Error
148.000 24 6.167
Total
204014.000 36
Corrected Total
3906.889 35

MCH (pg) Level of Rabbits
Squares
Intercept 33306.250 1 33306.250 10610.841 .000
Treatment 1374.306 3 458.102 145.944 .000
Timescale 1240.667 2 620.333 197.628 .000
Error 75.333 24 3.139
Total 36073.000 36

Oil on MCHC (g/dl) Level of Rabbits
Source Type III Sum
of Squares
Intercept 56882.250 1 56882.250 9141.790 .000
Treatment 1416.972 3 472.324 75.909 .000
Timescale 708.667 2 354.333 56.946 .000
Error 149.333 24 6.222
Total 59303.000 36

Appendix-31: ANOVAAnalysis (Univariate) Table for the Effects of Sesame Oil + Clove Oil
on Platelets (x10^9/l) Level of Rabbits
Source Type III Sum
of Squares
Corrected Model
339505.639a 11 30864.149 46.593 .000
Intercept
5054253.361 1 5054253.361 7630.021 .000
Treatment
166528.306 3 55509.435 83.798 .000
Timescale
159960.889 2 79980.444 120.740 .000
Treatment * Timescale
13016.444 6 2169.407 3.275 .017
Error
15898.000 24 662.417
Total
5409657.000 36
Corrected Total
355403.639 35

WBCs (x10^9/l) Level of Rabbits
Source Type III Sum
of Squares
Intercept 4653.514 1 4653.514 6857.409 .000
Treatment 72.087 3 24.029 35.409 .000
Timescale 56.987 2 28.494 41.988 .000
Error 16.287 24 .679
Total 4803.010 36

Squares
Intercept 836829184.000 1 836829184.000 29950.610 .000
Treatment 21055245.556 3 7018415.185 251.193 .000
Timescale 4843918.167 2 2421959.083 86.683 .000
Error 670567.333 24 27940.306
Total 863835944.000 36
Antibody Titer Level against Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus (RHDV) of Rabbits

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