2. Contents
Introduction: What are they ?
Why do we need them ?
Types of Hydrocarbons
Comparison of Types
Examples and Questions
Final remarks and Conclusion
2
3. Hydrocarbons are Organic Compounds Organic Compounds ???
Carbon linked to other elements including: Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Sulphur etc.
Propane Ethanol
Introduction: What are they ?
Carbon
Hydrogen
Bond
Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Exceptions
Hydrocarbon Not Hydrocarbon
Examples of Organic Compounds
3
4. • Hydrocarbons Organic compounds (Only Carbon and Hydrogen)
Hydrogen Carbon
Introduction: What are they ?
Example
Ethene
4
5. Contents
Introduction: What are they ?
Why do we need them ?
Types of Hydrocarbons
Comparison of Types
Examples and Questions
Final Remarks and Conclusion
✓
5
6. Hydrocarbons Fossil Fuels
Petroleum
Natural Gas
Coal
Note: The hydrocarbons are the most broadly used organic compounds
Non-renewable
energy sources
Link
Why do we need them ?
6
9. More Information on Crude Oil
Websites
• https://www.britannica.com/science/crude-oil (Brief Introduction on Crude Oil)
• https://ourworldindata.org/fossil-fuels#coal-reserves (Production and Consumption)
Youtube
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2WRy1ekd2eU (What is Crude Oil?)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jjfs_7kwRks (Will Fossil Fuels Run Out?)
9
11. More Information on Natural Gas
Websites
• https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/natural-gas/ (Brief Introduction on Natural Gas)
• https://ourworldindata.org/fossil-fuels#coal-reserves (Production and Consumption)
Youtube
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-njmj0diWu8 (What is Natural Gas?)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V8EHHW-3N5Y (The journey of Natural Gas)
11
13. More information on Coal
Websites
• https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/coal/ (Coal Explained)
• https://ourworldindata.org/fossil-fuels#coal-reserves (Production and Consumption)
Youtube
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iN6LvH_4Q3g (What is Coal?)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zhL5DCizj5c (Industrial Revolution - Coal)
13
14. Contents
Introduction: What are they ?
Why do we need them ?
Types of Hydrocarbons
Comparison of Types
Examples and Questions
Final Remarks and Conclusion
✓
✓
14
16. Contents
Introduction: What are they ?
Why do we need them ?
Types of Hydrocarbons
Comparison of Types
Examples and Question
Final Remarks and Conclusion
✓
✓
✓
16
17. • Structure: Ring (6 Carbon Atom)
• Contains double bond in the ring
• Benzene (C6H6), the simplest aromatic
hydrocarbon
Comparison of Types Aromatic Hydrocarbons
17
18. Alkanes Alkenes Alkynes
Carbon Bond Hydrogen
Ethane C2H6 Ethene C2H4 Ethyne C2H2
Comparison of Types Aliphatic Hydrocarbons
How do I memorize them ??? 18
20. Contents
Introduction: What are they ?
Why do we need them ?
Types of Hydrocarbons
Comparison of Types
Examples and Questions
Final Remarks and Conclusion
✓
✓
✓
✓
20
22. Contents
Introduction: What are they ?
Why do we need them ?
Types of Hydrocarbons
Comparison of Types
Examples and Questions
Final Remarks and Conclusion
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
22
24. Final Remarks and Conclusion
• Hydrocarbons are Organic compounds exclusively containing Carbon
and Hydrogen in their structure
• Fossil Fuels (Crude Oil, Natural Gas and Coal) are the main sources of
Hydrocarbons
• Aliphatic and Aromatic Hydrocarbons are two type of Hydrocarbons
based on their structure
24
25. 25
References
Books
1. Complete Chemistry for Cambridge for IGCSE 3RD Edition
2. Cambridge International AS and A Level Chemistry Coursebook 2nd
Edition
Links
1. https://www.britannica.com/science/hydrocarbon
2. https://www.britannica.com/science/hydrocarbon/Reactions
3. https://ourworldindata.org/fossil-fuels#coal-reserves
27. Propane Ethanol
Introduction: What are they ?
Carbon
Hydrogen
Bond
Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Hydrocarbon Not Hydrocarbon
Back to the slide
27
28. How do I memorize them ???
Alkanes
A
Alkenes
E
Alkynes
Y
1 2
3
3. Alkyne Low Hydrogens Triple Bond
1. Alkane More Hydrogens Single Bond
2. Alkene Mid. Hydrogens Double Bond
C2H6 C2H4 C2H2
C2H6
C2H4
C2H2
Back to the slide
28
Editor's Notes
Ok, lets start with the introduction. First, Hydrocarbons are organic compounds. What are organic compounds ???
Here is the answer: It includes Carbon and other elements attached to carbon: including Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Sulphur etc.
For example: Propane (Explain the ball and sticks) and Ethanol.
Propane is hydrocarbon, but ethanol is not hydrocarbon. Next slide answer why it is like that ?
