5. COMMUNICATIVE
STRATEGIES
are plans/ways/means of sharing
information which are adopted to
achieve a particular social, political,
psychological, or linguistic purpose.
These are blueprints for how the
information will be exchanged.
6. • NOMINATION
is the ability of taking
attention of the hearers
and trying to
commence/begin/nomin
ate/propose speaker's
ideas in a conversation.
7.
8.
9. HI, HOW ARE YOU?
EXAMPLES
HOW'S THE WEATHER
THERE?
WHAT'S THE LATEST NEWS?
10. 2. RESTRICTION
This is a strategy that constrains
or restricts the response of the
other person involved in the
communication situation. The
listener is forced to respond only
within a set of categories that is
made by the speaker.
11. •THEY SAY THAT THE PHILIPPINE
ECONOMY IS GETTING BETTER.
ONLY THE STUPID THINKS THAT,
RIGHT? (NO ONE WANTS TO BE
STUPID)
EXAMPLES
•THAT ARREST MOVE WAS A
DISASTER WAITING TO
HAPPEN. DO YOU AGREE?
(YES/NO)
12. 3. TURN-TAKING
This requires that each speaker
speaks only when it is his/her turn
during an interaction. Knowing
when to talk depends on watching
out for the verbal and nonverbal
cues (signals).
This uses the formal (permission)
and informal (jump in)
13. I AGREE WITH THE POINT
JUST MADE. BUT MAY I ADD?
EXAMPLES
MAY I HAVE THE
FLOOR, MA'AM/SIR?
14. 4. TOPIC CONTROL
There are instances when a
conversation is bound only to given
issues. This covers how procedural or
informality affects the development of
topic in conversations.This only means
that when a topic is initiated, it should
be collectively developed by avoiding
unecessary interuptions and topic
shifts.
15. •OH, I THINK LET'S GO BACK
TO THE TOPIC.
EXAMPLES
•IN DEBATE, IF THE
SPEAKER IS ON THE
AFFIRMATIVE SIDE, HE/SHE
WILL ONLY TALK ABOUT THE
POSITIVE POINTS OF THE
TOPIC.
16. 5. TOPIC SHIFTING
This is the strategy that is
useful in introducing
another topic. We shift a
topic when we want to
avoid a conversation or
topic.
17. •YOU SHIFT A TOPIC WHEN
YOU SENSE A HEATED
ARGUMENT.
EXAMPLES
•IN AN INTERVIEW WHERE
AN INTERVIEWER ASKS
QUESTIONS ABOUT WORK
EXPERIENCE THEN SHIFTS
TO PERSONAL CONCERNS.
18. This is used in overcoming
communication breakdown
in order to send more
comprehensible
messages.
19. IT INCLUDES THE FOLLOWING:
• Clarification – is by
asking questions or
usingeyebrows, eyes,
head or shoulders to
show that the message
could not be understood.
20. •Repeating – is a good
way of correcting oneself
•Recasting – means
changing the form of a
message that could not be
understood. It allows the
speaker to say the message
in another way.
21. This ends the interaction through
verbal/nonverbal messages.
Sometimes the Termination is
quick, short and prolonged
(clarifications, further questions, or
the continuation of the topic
already discussed) but the point is
to end the communication.
